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2013年國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)發(fā)展計(jì)劃報(bào)告(全文)
Full text: Report on China's Economic and Social Development Plan (2013)

 
Comment(s)打印 E-mail China.org.cn  2013-03-21
調(diào)整字號(hào)大小:
三、2013年經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展的主要任務(wù)和措施 III. Major Tasks and Measures for Economic and Social Development in 2013
實(shí)現(xiàn)今年經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)發(fā)展目標(biāo),要著力抓好十個(gè)方面工作。 We need to work on the following ten areas to attain the objectives of economic and social development this year:
(一)加強(qiáng)和改善宏觀調(diào)控。(1)繼續(xù)實(shí)施積極的財(cái)政政策。結(jié)合稅制改革完善結(jié)構(gòu)性減稅政策,重點(diǎn)是加快推進(jìn)營(yíng)業(yè)稅改征增值稅試點(diǎn)。嚴(yán)格財(cái)政收支管理,財(cái)政支出繼續(xù)向民生領(lǐng)域和薄弱環(huán)節(jié)傾斜,從嚴(yán)控制行政經(jīng)費(fèi)等一般性支出。加強(qiáng)地方政府性債務(wù)管理,妥善處理債務(wù)償還和在建項(xiàng)目后續(xù)融資問(wèn)題,保障符合條件的地方政府融資平臺(tái)正常運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)。2013年擬安排財(cái)政赤字1.2萬(wàn)億元,比上年預(yù)算增加4000億元,赤字率2%左右。(2)繼續(xù)實(shí)施穩(wěn)健的貨幣政策。適當(dāng)擴(kuò)大社會(huì)融資總規(guī)模,保持貨幣信貸合理增長(zhǎng)和流動(dòng)性合理適度。優(yōu)化信貸結(jié)構(gòu),加大對(duì)“三農(nóng)”、小型微型企業(yè)、戰(zhàn)略性新興產(chǎn)業(yè)、國(guó)家重點(diǎn)在建續(xù)建項(xiàng)目等的金融支持,切實(shí)降低實(shí)體經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的融資成本。積極拓寬企業(yè)融資渠道,穩(wěn)步擴(kuò)大企業(yè)直接融資規(guī)模,發(fā)展多層次資本市場(chǎng)。加強(qiáng)監(jiān)管,堅(jiān)決守住不發(fā)生系統(tǒng)性和區(qū)域性金融風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的底線。2013年,廣義貨幣供應(yīng)量M2余額預(yù)期增長(zhǎng)13%左右。(3)加強(qiáng)財(cái)政、貨幣、產(chǎn)業(yè)、土地、環(huán)保等政策之間的協(xié)調(diào)配合,努力形成宏觀調(diào)控的整體合力。(4)抓好經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行調(diào)節(jié)。完善煤炭產(chǎn)運(yùn)需銜接機(jī)制,加快煤炭應(yīng)急儲(chǔ)備建設(shè)。優(yōu)化電力生產(chǎn)調(diào)度,強(qiáng)化跨省區(qū)電力資源配置,推進(jìn)電力需求側(cè)管理城市綜合試點(diǎn)。搞好成品油總量平衡和進(jìn)出口調(diào)節(jié),加快天然氣應(yīng)急儲(chǔ)備建設(shè)。加強(qiáng)運(yùn)輸綜合協(xié)調(diào),確保重點(diǎn)物資運(yùn)輸。

1. We will strengthen and improve macro-control.

1) We will continue to implement a proactive fiscal policy. We will improve the policy for structural tax reductions in the process of taxation reform, with the focus on pushing forward the pilot project for replacing business tax with VAT. We will exercise strict management of fiscal revenue and expenditures, continue to give priority to people's wellbeing and weak links in economic and social development work, and stringently control administrative expenses and other general expenditures. We will enhance management of local government debts, properly handle issues of debt repayment and additional funding for ongoing projects, and ensure normal operations of eligible local government financing platforms. The fiscal deficit for 2013 is projected to be 1.2 trillion yuan, an increase of 400 billion yuan over last year, and the deficit as a percentage of GDP will be about 2%.

2) We will continue to implement a prudent monetary policy. We will appropriately expand the aggregate financing for the economy, and maintain reasonable growth of money and credit and proper liquidity. We will optimize the credit structure; offer more financial support to agriculture, rural areas, farmers, small and micro businesses, strategic emerging industries, and national projects of key importance under construction or expansion; and effectively lower financing costs of development of the real economy. We will actively widen financing channels of enterprises, steadily increase their direct financing, and develop multilevel capital markets. We will strengthen oversight and control to ensure that systemic and regional financial risks are kept at a minimum. The balance of broad money supply (M2) is expected to increase by about 13% in 2013.

3) We will increase coordination and cooperation among fiscal, monetary, industrial, land, and environmental policies to build up a synergy of macro-control measures.

4) We will focus on regulating economic activities. We will improve the mechanism to coordinate coal production and transportation with demand, and build up emergency coal reserves at a faster pace. We will improve electricity generation and distribution, strengthen inter-provincial allocation of electricity, and carry out comprehensive pilot projects for demand-side management of electricity in cities. We will balance supply and demand of refined petroleum products, regulate their imports and exports accordingly, and quicken the building of emergency natural gas reserves. We will enhance overall transportation coordination and ensure transportation of key materials.

(二)著力擴(kuò)大國(guó)內(nèi)需求。一方面,發(fā)揮好消費(fèi)對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的基礎(chǔ)作用。2013年,社會(huì)消費(fèi)品零售總額預(yù)期增長(zhǎng)14.5%。(1)努力提升消費(fèi)能力。著力增加中低收入者收入,建立健全職工工資正常增長(zhǎng)機(jī)制,多渠道增加農(nóng)民收入,健全覆蓋城鄉(xiāng)居民的社會(huì)保障體系。(2)促進(jìn)居民消費(fèi)升級(jí)。繼續(xù)推廣節(jié)能和新能源汽車,出臺(tái)鼓勵(lì)節(jié)水產(chǎn)品、家庭自給式太陽(yáng)能產(chǎn)品消費(fèi)的政策,扶持文化產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展,發(fā)展信息消費(fèi),引導(dǎo)旅游消費(fèi),鼓勵(lì)社會(huì)資本興辦養(yǎng)老、康復(fù)等服務(wù)機(jī)構(gòu),加快培育新的消費(fèi)增長(zhǎng)點(diǎn)。(3)優(yōu)化消費(fèi)環(huán)境。加強(qiáng)商貿(mào)流通、寬帶網(wǎng)絡(luò)等消費(fèi)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè),鼓勵(lì)發(fā)展電子商務(wù)、網(wǎng)絡(luò)購(gòu)物等新型消費(fèi)業(yè)態(tài),研究實(shí)施信用消費(fèi)促進(jìn)政策,繼續(xù)開展食品藥品安全專項(xiàng)整治,堅(jiān)決打擊侵犯知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)和制售假冒偽劣商品行為。

2. We will focus on boosting domestic demand.

On the one hand, we will leverage the fundamental role of consumption in driving economic growth. Total retail sales of consumer goods are expected to grow by 14.5% in 2013.

1) We will strive to increase consumption. We will endeavor to raise the income of low- and middle-income groups, put in place a sound mechanism for regularly increasing workers’ wages, raise the income of farmers through various means, and improve the social security system that covers both urban and rural residents.

2) We will work hard to upgrade the structure of consumer spending. We will continue to promote the use of energy-efficient and new-energy vehicles, introduce policies that encourage the use of water-efficient products and standalone residential solar-energy products, support development of the culture industry, promote consumption of IT products and services, guide tourism consumption, encourage nongovernmental investors to invest in elderly care homes and rehabilitation services, and foster new growth areas of consumption.

3) We will improve the consumption environment. We will work hard to build goods distribution networks, broadband networks, and other infrastructures of consumption; encourage development of new types of consumption including e-commerce and online shopping; research and implement policies for stimulating credit consumption; continue to carry out food and drug safety campaigns; and resolutely combat infringements of intellectual property rights and production and sale of counterfeit or substandard goods.

另一方面,發(fā)揮好投資對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的關(guān)鍵作用。2013年,全社會(huì)固定資產(chǎn)投資預(yù)期增長(zhǎng)18%,中央預(yù)算內(nèi)投資擬安排4376億元。(1)優(yōu)化投資結(jié)構(gòu)。著力選準(zhǔn)投資方向,提高投資質(zhì)量和效益。在打基礎(chǔ)、利長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)、惠民生,又不會(huì)造成重復(fù)建設(shè)的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施和公共服務(wù)領(lǐng)域加大投資力度。中央預(yù)算內(nèi)投資主要投向保障性安居工程和城鎮(zhèn)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施、“三農(nóng)”、交通能源等重大基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施、社會(huì)事業(yè)和社會(huì)管理、節(jié)能減排和生態(tài)環(huán)保、自主創(chuàng)新和結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整、欠發(fā)達(dá)地區(qū)等領(lǐng)域。嚴(yán)格控制高消耗、高排放、產(chǎn)能過(guò)剩行業(yè)盲目擴(kuò)張和黨政機(jī)關(guān)辦公樓等樓堂館所建設(shè)。(2)抓好重點(diǎn)項(xiàng)目。加快“十二五”規(guī)劃重點(diǎn)建設(shè)項(xiàng)目工作進(jìn)度,保障重大工程進(jìn)度、質(zhì)量和安全。積極吸引社會(huì)資本更多參與重點(diǎn)項(xiàng)目建設(shè)。繼續(xù)開展中央預(yù)算內(nèi)投資計(jì)劃執(zhí)行情況的督查。(3)激發(fā)民間投資積極性。切實(shí)落實(shí)鼓勵(lì)引導(dǎo)民間投資的“新36條”及42項(xiàng)實(shí)施細(xì)則,加大對(duì)民間資本參與基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施和社會(huì)事業(yè)領(lǐng)域建設(shè)的支持力度。

(注:M2為M右下角加2)

On the other hand, we will bring into play the key role of investment in powering economic growth. Total fixed-asset investment is projected to grow by 18% in 2013, and 437.6 billion yuan for investment will be allocated from the central budget.

1) We will improve the investment structure. We will strive to make good investments and raise their quality and efficiency. We will make more investments in non-redundant infrastructure and public services that help reinforce the foundation for the country's long-term development and improve the people's wellbeing. The investments allocated by the central budget will mostly focus on government-subsidized housing, urban infrastructure, agriculture, rural areas, farmers, major infrastructure projects in transportation and energy, social programs, social management, energy conservation, emissions reduction, ecological conservation, environmental protection, independent innovation, structural adjustments, and underdeveloped areas. We will restrain blind expansion of industries that are energy-intensive and highly-polluting or have excess production capacity, and strictly control construction of office buildings and other facilities for Party and government departments.

2) We will focus on key projects. We will accelerate efforts to build key construction projects set forth in the Twelfth Five-Year Plan, and ensure the quality and safety of major projects as well as the pace at which they are carried out. We will take active steps to attract more nongovernmental investment in key projects. We will continue to supervise implementation of the central budgetary investment plan.

3) We will unleash the enthusiasm of nongovernmental investment. We will earnestly implement the 36 new guidelines on encouraging and guiding nongovernmental investment and the 42 detailed rules for their implementation, and better support nongovernmental investment in building infrastructure and social programs.

(三)切實(shí)做好“三農(nóng)”工作。(1)保障主要農(nóng)產(chǎn)品穩(wěn)定生產(chǎn)。繼續(xù)實(shí)施全國(guó)新增千億斤糧食生產(chǎn)能力規(guī)劃,開展糧食穩(wěn)定增產(chǎn)行動(dòng)。加快農(nóng)業(yè)科技創(chuàng)新和推廣,大力促進(jìn)農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械化,發(fā)展現(xiàn)代種業(yè),推進(jìn)農(nóng)作物病蟲害專業(yè)化統(tǒng)防統(tǒng)治和測(cè)土配方施肥,優(yōu)化品種結(jié)構(gòu),提高單產(chǎn)水平。落實(shí)和完善棉花、油料、糖料生產(chǎn)扶持政策,加強(qiáng)生豬、奶牛和肉牛肉羊標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化規(guī)模養(yǎng)殖場(chǎng)(小區(qū))以及重點(diǎn)地區(qū)蔬菜生產(chǎn)基地建設(shè),支持海洋漁船更新改造和漁政漁港建設(shè)。健全農(nóng)產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量檢驗(yàn)檢測(cè)體系。2013年,預(yù)期糧食播種面積16億畝以上,糧食總產(chǎn)量5000億公斤以上,棉油糖和肉類生產(chǎn)穩(wěn)定發(fā)展。(2)加強(qiáng)農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施。抓好高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)農(nóng)田和水利設(shè)施建設(shè),推進(jìn)大中型灌區(qū)改造與建設(shè)、大型灌排泵站更新改造、節(jié)水灌溉增效示范等重點(diǎn)工程。加強(qiáng)大江大河治理,抓好中小河流治理、病險(xiǎn)水庫(kù)水閘除險(xiǎn)加固、山洪地質(zhì)災(zāi)害防御等防洪薄弱環(huán)節(jié)建設(shè)。繼續(xù)推進(jìn)農(nóng)村飲水安全工程、農(nóng)村電網(wǎng)改造、無(wú)電地區(qū)電力建設(shè)和農(nóng)村公路建設(shè),實(shí)施農(nóng)村危房改造、林區(qū)墾區(qū)危房改造和游牧民定居工程。2013年,擬再解決6000萬(wàn)農(nóng)村人口的飲水安全問(wèn)題,農(nóng)村安全飲水普及率達(dá)到87%,新建改建農(nóng)村公路20萬(wàn)公里。(3)促進(jìn)農(nóng)民持續(xù)增收。進(jìn)一步提高小麥、稻谷最低收購(gòu)價(jià),平均每50公斤分別提高10元和10.7元。做好玉米、大豆、油菜籽、棉花、食糖等臨時(shí)收儲(chǔ)工作。認(rèn)真落實(shí)生豬市場(chǎng)價(jià)格調(diào)控預(yù)案。落實(shí)好對(duì)種糧農(nóng)民的直接補(bǔ)貼,提高良種補(bǔ)貼標(biāo)準(zhǔn),完善農(nóng)資綜合補(bǔ)貼動(dòng)態(tài)調(diào)整機(jī)制,擴(kuò)大農(nóng)機(jī)具購(gòu)置補(bǔ)貼規(guī)模和范圍。健全糧油和生豬大縣獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)制度,完善糧食主產(chǎn)區(qū)利益補(bǔ)償、耕地保護(hù)補(bǔ)償和生態(tài)補(bǔ)償辦法。發(fā)展農(nóng)村二三產(chǎn)業(yè)特別是農(nóng)產(chǎn)品加工業(yè),促進(jìn)農(nóng)民增加工資性收入。(4)扎實(shí)推進(jìn)農(nóng)村改革。堅(jiān)持和完善農(nóng)村基本經(jīng)營(yíng)制度,引導(dǎo)農(nóng)村土地承包經(jīng)營(yíng)權(quán)有序流轉(zhuǎn),推進(jìn)土地適度規(guī)模經(jīng)營(yíng)。創(chuàng)新農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營(yíng)體制,加大對(duì)農(nóng)民合作社、社會(huì)化服務(wù)組織和產(chǎn)業(yè)化龍頭企業(yè)的政策扶持。加快推進(jìn)征地制度改革,盡快出臺(tái)農(nóng)民集體所有土地征收補(bǔ)償條例。改革和完善農(nóng)村宅基地制度,規(guī)范集體經(jīng)營(yíng)性建設(shè)用地流轉(zhuǎn)。(5)積極推進(jìn)城鄉(xiāng)發(fā)展一體化。堅(jiān)持新農(nóng)村建設(shè)與城鎮(zhèn)化雙輪驅(qū)動(dòng),大力發(fā)展農(nóng)村基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施和社會(huì)事業(yè),促進(jìn)城鄉(xiāng)要素平等交換和公共資源均衡配置,完善鄉(xiāng)村治理機(jī)制,逐步推進(jìn)城鄉(xiāng)基本公共服務(wù)均等化,加快社會(huì)主義新農(nóng)村建設(shè)。

3. We will earnestly carry out our work on agriculture, rural areas, and farmers.

1) We will ensure stable production of major agricultural products. We will continue to implement the plan to increase national grain production capacity by 50 million tons, and carry out activities to steadily increase grain production. We will accelerate innovation and dissemination of agricultural science and technology, promote agricultural mechanization, develop a modern seed industry, promote unified and specialized prevention and control measures for crop diseases and pests, conduct soil testing to determine appropriate fertilizer formulas, optimize the structure of crop varieties, and increase yield per unit area. We will enforce and improve the policy of supporting production of cotton, oilseed, and sugar crops; promote construction of large-scale standardized farms for hogs, dairy cattle, beef cattle, and mutton sheep as well as vegetable production bases in key areas; and support upgrading of sea fishing boats and development of fishery administration and fishing ports. We will improve the quality inspection and testing system for agricultural products. In 2013, the sown area for grain is expected to exceed 106.7 million hectares, total grain output will surpass 500 million tons, and production of cotton, oilseed, sugar crops, and meat will grow steadily.

2) We will strengthen infrastructure of agriculture and rural areas. We will build more high-yield croplands and water conservancy projects to a high standard, and advance transformation and development of such key projects as large and medium-size irrigated areas, upgrading and retrofitting of large irrigation and drainage pumping stations, and model water-efficient irrigation projects. We will step up efforts to harness major rivers and shore up weak links in flood prevention and control by bringing small and medium-sized rivers under control, reinforcing aging reservoirs and sluices, and preventing geological disasters brought about by mountain torrents. We will continue to advance the project to provide safe drinking water in rural areas; upgrade rural power grids and extend them to areas without electricity; build rural roads; renovate dilapidated houses in rural areas, land reclamation zones, and forest regions; and build permanent homes for nomadic families. In 2013, we plan to provide safe drinking water for another 60 million rural people, making safe drinking water available to 87% of the rural population, and build or upgrade 200,000 kilometers of rural roads.

3) We will promote a steady increase in farmers' incomes. We will further raise the minimum purchase prices of wheat and rice by 10 yuan and 10.7 yuan per 50 kilograms, respectively; temporarily purchase and stockpile corn, soybeans, rapeseed, cotton, and sugar; and earnestly carry out the contingency plan of regulating the market price for hogs. We will work to ensure direct subsidies to grain growers, raise the subsidies for purchasing superior crop varieties, improve the dynamic mechanism of adjusting general subsidies for purchasing agricultural supplies, and increase the amount and scope of subsidies for purchasing agricultural machinery and tools. We will improve the reward and encouragement system for major counties producing grain, oilseed, and hogs; and the methods of subsidizing major grain-growing areas and providing compensation for farmland protection and ecological damage. We will develop rural secondary and tertiary industries, especially industries that process agricultural products, to increase the wage incomes of rural residents.

4) We will make solid progress in the reform of rural areas. We will uphold and improve the basic management system of rural areas, guide the transfer of contracted rural land-use rights in an orderly manner, and promote appropriately large-scale operations of land. We will create a new agricultural production management system, and offer more policy support to farmer cooperatives, service organizations in rural areas, and leading industrialized agricultural production enterprises. We will accelerate reform of the land expropriation system, and quickly formulate regulations on compensating for expropriation of rural collective land. We will reform and improve the system of rural land used for private housing, and standardize the transfer of rural land used by collective businesses.

5) We will promote integration of urban and rural development. We will build a new countryside and advance urbanization at the same time, robustly develop infrastructure and social programs in rural areas, promote equitable exchanges of factors of production and balanced distribution of public resources between urban and rural areas, improve rural governance, achieve equal access to basic public services between urban and rural areas in due course, and build a new socialist countryside at a faster pace.

(四)保持價(jià)格總水平基本穩(wěn)定。(1)保障市場(chǎng)供應(yīng)。落實(shí)好“米袋子”省長(zhǎng)負(fù)責(zé)制和“菜籃子”市長(zhǎng)負(fù)責(zé)制。綜合運(yùn)用多種手段,保護(hù)農(nóng)民生產(chǎn)積極性。搞好重要商品的產(chǎn)運(yùn)銷銜接、儲(chǔ)備吞吐和進(jìn)出口調(diào)節(jié),合理安排糧油棉糖肉的儲(chǔ)備和投放,完善北方大城市冬春蔬菜儲(chǔ)備制度。(2)搞活市場(chǎng)流通。實(shí)施降低流通費(fèi)用提高流通效率綜合工作方案。加強(qiáng)糧油棉糖倉(cāng)儲(chǔ)物流設(shè)施建設(shè),重點(diǎn)增加糧食主產(chǎn)區(qū)倉(cāng)容能力。加快發(fā)展冷鏈物流,健全農(nóng)超對(duì)接,支持農(nóng)產(chǎn)品批發(fā)市場(chǎng)升級(jí)改造。加強(qiáng)流通環(huán)節(jié)價(jià)格監(jiān)管,規(guī)范流通領(lǐng)域收費(fèi)行為。(3)完善調(diào)控機(jī)制。加強(qiáng)價(jià)格監(jiān)測(cè)預(yù)警。把握好政府管理價(jià)格調(diào)整的力度和節(jié)奏。制定完善與群眾生活密切相關(guān)的農(nóng)產(chǎn)品價(jià)格大幅波動(dòng)的應(yīng)對(duì)預(yù)案。完善社會(huì)救助和保障標(biāo)準(zhǔn)與物價(jià)上漲掛鉤聯(lián)動(dòng)機(jī)制。(4)強(qiáng)化價(jià)格監(jiān)管。繼續(xù)清理涉農(nóng)涉企以及民生等領(lǐng)域不合理收費(fèi),深入開展教育、醫(yī)療、銀行、工商等價(jià)格和收費(fèi)檢查,規(guī)范旅游、生活必需品、農(nóng)產(chǎn)品等領(lǐng)域價(jià)格秩序,嚴(yán)肅查處價(jià)格違法行為,提升反價(jià)格壟斷執(zhí)法能力和水平。(5)加強(qiáng)輿論引導(dǎo)。全面闡釋價(jià)格政策,合理引導(dǎo)社會(huì)預(yù)期。

4. We will keep overall prices basically stable.

1) We will ensure market supply. We will effectively implement the system of holding provincial governors responsible for grain supplies and city mayors for non-grain food supplies. We will take multiple measures to spur farmers' enthusiasm for production. We will coordinate production, transportation, and sale of important commodities; properly handle commodity reserves and adjust imports and exports of commodities; make appropriate arrangements on stockpiling and releasing grain, edible oil, cotton, sugar, and meat; and improve the reserve system for winter and spring vegetables in major northern cities.

2) We will boost market distribution. We will introduce an overall working plan for lowering distribution costs and improving distribution efficiency. We will intensify efforts to build storage and logistic facilities for grain, edible oil, cotton, and sugar, with the focus on increasing the storage capacity of major grain production areas. We will quicken development of cold-chain logistics, improve direct supply of agricultural products from farmers to stores, and support upgrading of wholesale markets for agricultural products. We will strengthen supervision of prices in the distribution process, and standardize fees in distribution areas.

3) We will improve the regulation mechanism. We will enhance monitoring and early warning on price changes. We will maintain proper intensity and pace when the government regulates prices. We will formulate sound contingency plans to cope with sharp price fluctuations of agricultural products that have a direct bearing on people's lives. We will improve the mechanism to increase social assistance and social security benefits when consumer prices rise.

4) We will tighten oversight of prices. We will continue to eliminate improper fees related to agriculture, enterprises, and other areas concerning people's lives; carry out intensive inspections on prices and fees in education, medical and health care services, banking, and industry and commerce administration; maintain orderly tourism, daily necessities, and agricultural products markets; crack down on price irregularities; and become better able to counter price fixing.

5) We will provide better guidance on public opinion. We will fully explain our pricing policies and properly guide public expectations.

(五)加快產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)型升級(jí)。(1)化解產(chǎn)能過(guò)剩矛盾。堅(jiān)持以市場(chǎng)為導(dǎo)向,加強(qiáng)政策引導(dǎo),按照尊重規(guī)律、分業(yè)施策、多管齊下、標(biāo)本兼治的原則,把化解過(guò)剩產(chǎn)能與加強(qiáng)節(jié)能減排、調(diào)整生產(chǎn)力布局和改造傳統(tǒng)產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)合起來(lái),通過(guò)多種方式消化、轉(zhuǎn)移、整合、淘汰一批產(chǎn)能。發(fā)揮產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整指導(dǎo)目錄作用,制定實(shí)施鋼鐵、石化、有色、建材、造船、輕紡等重點(diǎn)行業(yè)生產(chǎn)力布局調(diào)整規(guī)劃。嚴(yán)格執(zhí)行技術(shù)、能耗、環(huán)保、安全等市場(chǎng)準(zhǔn)入標(biāo)準(zhǔn),加快推進(jìn)產(chǎn)能過(guò)剩行業(yè)兼并重組。(2)強(qiáng)化創(chuàng)新驅(qū)動(dòng)。啟動(dòng)“十二五”國(guó)家重大科技基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè),全面推進(jìn)科技重大專項(xiàng)和“創(chuàng)新2020”工程。加強(qiáng)自主創(chuàng)新能力建設(shè),加快建設(shè)企業(yè)技術(shù)中心,實(shí)施創(chuàng)新企業(yè)百?gòu)?qiáng)工程。大力推進(jìn)戰(zhàn)略性新興產(chǎn)業(yè)重大工程,落實(shí)并完善支持戰(zhàn)略性新興產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展的政策措施,擴(kuò)大創(chuàng)業(yè)投資規(guī)模,開展戰(zhàn)略性新興產(chǎn)業(yè)區(qū)域集聚發(fā)展試點(diǎn)。啟動(dòng)實(shí)施醫(yī)療器械、高端裝備、新材料等重大專項(xiàng)。推進(jìn)“寬帶中國(guó)”等重大信息化工程,強(qiáng)化信息安全等基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)。(3)加強(qiáng)交通能源建設(shè)。加快綜合交通運(yùn)輸體系建設(shè),2013年,預(yù)期新建鐵路投產(chǎn)里程5200公里以上、新建公路8萬(wàn)公里、沿海港口萬(wàn)噸級(jí)以上泊位100個(gè)、運(yùn)輸機(jī)場(chǎng)10個(gè)左右。積極發(fā)展清潔能源,全年新增水電裝機(jī)2100萬(wàn)千瓦、核電324萬(wàn)千瓦、風(fēng)電1800萬(wàn)千瓦、光伏發(fā)電1000萬(wàn)千瓦。(4)提升服務(wù)業(yè)發(fā)展水平。研究制定促進(jìn)服務(wù)業(yè)加快發(fā)展的政策意見。加快發(fā)展現(xiàn)代物流業(yè),支持發(fā)展研發(fā)設(shè)計(jì)、軟件服務(wù)、電子商務(wù)等高技術(shù)服務(wù)業(yè),推動(dòng)節(jié)能環(huán)保技術(shù)服務(wù)和設(shè)施社會(huì)化、專業(yè)化運(yùn)營(yíng)。加快服務(wù)業(yè)重要領(lǐng)域體制創(chuàng)新,開展國(guó)家服務(wù)業(yè)發(fā)展示范區(qū)建設(shè)。2013年,服務(wù)業(yè)增加值預(yù)期增長(zhǎng)7.9%。

5. We will accelerate industrial transformation and upgrading.

1) We will resolve the problem of overcapacity. We will remain market oriented, strengthen policy guidance, follow the rules of the market, and use industry-specific, multi-pronged policies to seek both temporary and permanent solutions. We will address overcapacity in the process of stepping up efforts to conserve energy and reduce emissions, adjust distribution of the productive forces and transform traditional industries, and use multiple means to dissolve, transfer, integrate, and phase out some production capacity. We will give play to the role of the guiding catalog for industrial restructuring, and formulate and implement plans to adjust distribution of the productive forces in key industries including steel, petrochemicals, non-ferrous metals, building materials, ship-building, textiles, and other light industries. We will apply strict technology, energy, environmental, and safety standards for market access; and accelerate mergers and reorganizations in industries with excess production capacity.

2) We will enhance innovation as an impetus for development. We will launch major national scientific and technological infrastructure projects for the Twelfth Five-Year Plan period, and comprehensively promote key science and technology programs and the Knowledge Innovation Program (2011-2020). We will strengthen our capacity for innovation, accelerate the building of enterprise technology centers, and carry out the project to build 100 innovative enterprises. We will advance major projects for developing strategic emerging industries, implement and improve policies and measures for supporting their development, scale up venture capital in this area, and introduce pilot projects for their clustered development. We will launch major projects in medical appliances, high-end equipment, and new materials. We will implement the National Broadband Internet Agenda and other major projects for promoting IT application, and develop infrastructure in information security.

3) We will step up efforts to develop transportation and energy. We will expedite development of a comprehensive transportation system. In 2013, we will put into operation more than 5,200 kilometers of new railway lines, build an additional 80,000 kilometers of highways, and put into service 100 seaport berths for 10,000-ton class or larger ships and about ten new civilian airports. We will actively develop clean energy and increase installed power-generating capacity of hydropower by 21 million kilowatts, nuclear power by 3.24 million kilowatts, wind power by 18 million kilowatts, and photovoltaic power by 10 million kilowatts.

4) We will further develop the service sector. We will carry out studies and formulate policies and guidelines for accelerating development of the service sector. We will accelerate development of modern logistics; support development of high-technology service industries like R&D and design, software service, and e-commerce; and push forward commercialized and specialized operations of energy conservation and environmental protection technological services and facilities. We will expedite institutional innovation in key service industries, and build national demonstration zones for the development of the service sector. Value-added of the service sector is projected to grow by 7.9% in 2013.

(六)積極穩(wěn)妥推進(jìn)城鎮(zhèn)化。(1)加強(qiáng)統(tǒng)籌謀劃。堅(jiān)持科學(xué)規(guī)劃、合理布局、城鄉(xiāng)統(tǒng)籌、節(jié)約用地、因地制宜、提高質(zhì)量。編制出臺(tái)城鎮(zhèn)化發(fā)展規(guī)劃。合理控制特大城市和大城市規(guī)模,充分發(fā)揮輻射帶動(dòng)作用,增強(qiáng)中小城市和小城鎮(zhèn)產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展、公共服務(wù)、吸納就業(yè)、人口集聚功能,在資源環(huán)境承載條件較好的地區(qū)培育發(fā)展城市群。加強(qiáng)區(qū)域規(guī)劃、土地規(guī)劃、城市規(guī)劃的協(xié)調(diào)銜接。引導(dǎo)和規(guī)范新城新區(qū)健康發(fā)展。2013年,城鎮(zhèn)化率預(yù)期達(dá)到53.37%。(2)增強(qiáng)城鎮(zhèn)綜合承載能力。推動(dòng)城市群基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施一體化建設(shè)和網(wǎng)絡(luò)化發(fā)展,加強(qiáng)綜合交通運(yùn)輸網(wǎng)絡(luò)與城鎮(zhèn)化布局的銜接。落實(shí)全國(guó)城市飲用水安全保障規(guī)劃,加快城鎮(zhèn)供暖設(shè)施建設(shè)與改造,強(qiáng)化城市地下管網(wǎng)設(shè)施、排水與暴雨內(nèi)澇防治綜合體系建設(shè)。建立可持續(xù)的市政建設(shè)投融資機(jī)制。(3)有序推進(jìn)農(nóng)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)移人口市民化。加快戶籍制度和社會(huì)管理體制改革,完善土地管理制度,使在城鎮(zhèn)已穩(wěn)定就業(yè)和居住的農(nóng)民工及其家屬有序轉(zhuǎn)為城鎮(zhèn)居民。多渠道改善農(nóng)民工居住條件,推動(dòng)城鎮(zhèn)基本公共服務(wù)逐步向常住人口覆蓋。

6. We will actively and prudently advance urbanization.

1) We will enhance overall coordination and planning. We will adhere to scientific planning, rational distribution, balanced development between urban and rural areas and economical use of land, take measures that suit local conditions, and focus on raising the quality of urbanization. We will formulate and issue an urbanization plan. We will keep megacities and large cities at an appropriate scale and bring into fully play their role in driving the development of their surrounding areas; and we will make small and medium-sized cities and small towns better able to accommodate industrial development, provide public services, create jobs and attract population, and foster and develop city clusters in areas with good carrying capacity of resources and the environment. We will improve links and coordination between regional plans, land use plans, and urban plans. We will guide and ensure healthy development of new cities and districts. In 2013, the urbanization rate will reach 53.37%.

2) We will increase overall carrying capacity of cities and towns. In developing city clusters, we will integrate and connect their infrastructures, and better coordinate the comprehensive transportation network with the layout of urbanization. We will carry out a national plan to ensure safe drinking water in cities, quicken construction and upgrading of urban heating facilities, and step up efforts to build a comprehensive system to manage underground pipe networks and drainage facilities and prevent and handle disasters caused by failure to divert excess rainfall. We will establish a sustainable investment and financing mechanism for urban development.

3) We will conduct registration of rural migrant workers as permanent urban residents in an orderly way. We will expedite reform of the household registration system and the social management system, and improve the land management system in order to allow rural migrant workers with steady jobs and permanent homes in cities and their families to become urban residents. We will use various means to improve the living conditions of rural migrant workers, and progressively expand the coverage of basic public services in urban areas to all their permanent residents.

(七)推動(dòng)區(qū)域協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展。(1)優(yōu)化國(guó)土空間開發(fā)格局。立足發(fā)揮各地比較優(yōu)勢(shì),充分考慮市場(chǎng)容量和資源環(huán)境承載能力,開展主體功能區(qū)建設(shè)試點(diǎn)示范,推動(dòng)形成分工合理、優(yōu)勢(shì)互補(bǔ)、各具特色的區(qū)域發(fā)展格局。(2)優(yōu)先推進(jìn)西部大開發(fā)。健全西部大開發(fā)政策體系和長(zhǎng)效機(jī)制,繼續(xù)在西部地區(qū)布局一批重大基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施項(xiàng)目,支持特色優(yōu)勢(shì)產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展。加快向西開放,打造一批沿邊和內(nèi)陸開發(fā)開放高地。落實(shí)促進(jìn)新疆、西藏和四省藏區(qū)跨越式發(fā)展的政策措施。(3)全面振興東北地區(qū)等老工業(yè)基地。研究制定新十年振興戰(zhàn)略政策文件,加快產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化升級(jí),支持東北地區(qū)面向東北亞開放,促進(jìn)林區(qū)生態(tài)保護(hù)與經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)型,加快資源型城市可持續(xù)發(fā)展,開展城區(qū)老工業(yè)區(qū)整體搬遷改造和獨(dú)立工礦區(qū)改造搬遷試點(diǎn)。(4)大力促進(jìn)中部地區(qū)崛起。深入落實(shí)關(guān)于大力實(shí)施促進(jìn)中部地區(qū)崛起戰(zhàn)略的若干意見,支持長(zhǎng)江中游城市群一體化發(fā)展,鼓勵(lì)中部地區(qū)加強(qiáng)合作、擴(kuò)大開放,發(fā)揮比較優(yōu)勢(shì)承接?xùn)|部地區(qū)產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)移。(5)積極支持東部地區(qū)率先發(fā)展。鼓勵(lì)東部地區(qū)在行政管理、金融體制等改革方面先行先試,支持東部地區(qū)加快轉(zhuǎn)型升級(jí)、提高自主創(chuàng)新能力。研究制定海洋發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略,抓好海洋經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展試點(diǎn),加強(qiáng)海洋綜合管理,保護(hù)海洋生態(tài)環(huán)境,提高海洋資源開發(fā)能力。(6)繼續(xù)加大對(duì)革命老區(qū)、民族地區(qū)、邊疆地區(qū)和貧困地區(qū)的支持,推進(jìn)對(duì)口支援和幫扶工作,加大以工代賑和易地扶貧搬遷投入力度,支持集中連片特殊困難地區(qū)加快發(fā)展。

7. We will promote coordinated development among different regions.

1)We will improve development of China's geographical space. Capitalizing on the comparative advantages of different regions and fully considering the capacity of the market and the carrying capacity of resources and the environment, we will carry out pilot projects and demonstrations for developing functional zones to form a regional development pattern in which there is a proper division of work between regions that complement each other and take on their own distinctive features.

2)We will give high priority to developing the western region on a large scale. We will improve the policy system and permanent mechanism for this purpose, continue to launch major infrastructure projects in the western region, and support the development of industries that can take advantage of the region's local strengths. We will more quickly open up the region to the outside world, and create a number of leading areas to open up and develop border regions and the hinterland. We will implement the policies and measures to develop Xinjiang, Tibet, and Tibetan ethnic areas in Sichuan, Yunnan, Gansu, and Qinghai provinces in leaps and bounds.

3)We will fully revitalize old industrial bases in northeast China. We will research and formulate policies for this purpose for the next ten years, accelerate the optimization and upgrading of the industrial structure, support the region's opening up to Northeast Asia, and promote ecological conservation and economic transformation in its forest areas. We will also promote sustainable development of northeastern cities once dependent on now-depleted mineral resources, and launch pilot projects to completely relocate and transform old industrial districts in cities and transform and relocate industrial and mining areas.

4)We will work to promote the rise of the central region. We will thoroughly carry out the guidelines on implementing the strategy for promoting the rise of the central region, and support the integrated development of city clusters in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River. We will promote cooperation in the region, encourage the region to work together more with other regions and open wider to the outside world, and make better use of its comparative advantages in carrying on industries relocated from the eastern region.

5) We will support the eastern region in taking the lead in development. We will encourage the region to lead the way and explore new paths in the reform of administrative and financial systems. We will encourage the region to accelerate industrial transformation and upgrading and increase its innovation capability. We will research and formulate a marine development strategy, successfully implement pilot projects for developing the marine economy, strengthen comprehensive marine management, protect the marine environment, and become better able to exploit marine resources.

6) We will continue to increase support for old revolutionary base areas, ethnic minority areas, border areas, and poor areas; and promote the partnership system that pairs developed regions with underdeveloped regions to provide aid and support. We will put more emphasis on replacing relief subsidies with work and relocating people from inhospitable areas as a poverty relief measure. We will support the accelerated development of contiguous areas with acute difficulties.

(八)扎實(shí)推進(jìn)資源節(jié)約型、環(huán)境友好型社會(huì)建設(shè)。(1)完善政策機(jī)制。開展生態(tài)文明先行示范區(qū)建設(shè)。落實(shí)控制能源消費(fèi)總量工作方案,充分發(fā)揮市場(chǎng)機(jī)制作用,強(qiáng)化責(zé)任分解落實(shí)。實(shí)施鼓勵(lì)分布式能源建設(shè)、余熱余壓發(fā)電上網(wǎng)和煤層氣入網(wǎng)的政策。研究開展節(jié)能量交易試點(diǎn)。(2)抓好重點(diǎn)領(lǐng)域和重點(diǎn)工程。繼續(xù)開展重點(diǎn)用能單位能耗在線監(jiān)測(cè)體系建設(shè)試點(diǎn)。大力發(fā)展節(jié)能、資源循環(huán)利用和環(huán)保產(chǎn)業(yè)。加快脫硫脫硝、生活垃圾和城鎮(zhèn)污水處理設(shè)施及配套管網(wǎng)建設(shè)。抓好公共機(jī)構(gòu)、交通運(yùn)輸、建筑、商業(yè)、民用等領(lǐng)域節(jié)能減排。繼續(xù)開展節(jié)能減排全民行動(dòng)。2013年,城市污水處理率、城市生活垃圾無(wú)害化處理率分別達(dá)到86%和82%,萬(wàn)元工業(yè)增加值用水量下降5%,新增大宗固體廢物綜合利用能力1億噸。(3)加快發(fā)展循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)。鼓勵(lì)支持重點(diǎn)企業(yè)和園區(qū)循環(huán)化改造,建設(shè)國(guó)家“城市礦產(chǎn)”示范基地,發(fā)展綠色礦業(yè),推進(jìn)城市餐廚廢棄物資源化利用。啟動(dòng)第二批資源綜合利用“雙百工程”。加快海水淡化示范工程建設(shè)。(4)加強(qiáng)生態(tài)環(huán)境保護(hù)。強(qiáng)化重金屬污染防治、重點(diǎn)流域水環(huán)境綜合治理和城市大氣污染防治,積極開展農(nóng)村環(huán)境綜合整治。繼續(xù)實(shí)施天然林資源保護(hù)、防護(hù)林體系建設(shè)、退牧還草等重大生態(tài)修復(fù)工程,推進(jìn)荒漠化、石漠化、水土流失綜合治理,加強(qiáng)重點(diǎn)流域和區(qū)域水生態(tài)修復(fù)與治理。建立健全生態(tài)補(bǔ)償機(jī)制。推進(jìn)排污權(quán)有償使用和交易試點(diǎn)。開展水權(quán)交易試點(diǎn)。實(shí)施清潔生產(chǎn)示范工程。加強(qiáng)PM2.5監(jiān)測(cè)和信息發(fā)布,實(shí)施多污染物協(xié)同控制,開展區(qū)域聯(lián)防聯(lián)控。(5)做好應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化工作。組織制定國(guó)家適應(yīng)氣候變化總體戰(zhàn)略,發(fā)布實(shí)施國(guó)家應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化規(guī)劃。全面推進(jìn)低碳發(fā)展試點(diǎn)示范,穩(wěn)步開展碳排放權(quán)交易試點(diǎn),研究建立全國(guó)碳交易體系。廣泛進(jìn)行政策對(duì)話和國(guó)際合作,同國(guó)際社會(huì)一道積極應(yīng)對(duì)全球氣候變化。

8. We will make solid progress in developing a resource-conserving and environmentally friendly society.

1) We will improve policies and mechanisms. We will develop demonstration zones for promoting ecological progress. We will implement the work plan for limiting total energy consumption, make full use of market forces, and break down the responsibility for its implementation. We will implement the policy that encourages the generation of electricity from distributed energy sources, the recovery of by-product heat and pressure to generate on-gird electricity, and the supply of coal-bed methane into the natural gas grid. We will carry out studies and launch trials for trading energy savings.

2) We will focus on key areas and projects. We will continue to carry out trials to develop an online system for monitoring energy consumption among major energy consumers. We will work to develop energy conservation, resource recycling, and environmental protection industries. We will accelerate development of desulphurization and denitrification facilities, household waste and urban sewage treatment facilities, and sewer lines. We will effectively conserve energy and reduce emissions in public institutions, transportation services, construction, commerce, and household consumption. We will continue to implement the campaign to get everyone to save energy and reduce emissions. In 2013, the percentages of urban sewage treated and urban household waste safely handled will reach 86% and 82%, respectively, water consumption per 10,000 yuan of value-added of industry will drop by 5%, and our capacity for comprehensively utilizing massive solid waste will increase by 100 million tons.

3) We will accelerate development of a circular economy. We will encourage and support key enterprises and industrial parks in becoming more circular, establish national demonstration centers for recovering mineral resources from city waste, develop green mining, and recover resources from urban kitchen waste. We will launch a second group of projects to forge 100 demonstration centers and 100 key enterprises to comprehensively use resources. We will accelerate development of the demonstration project for seawater desalination.

4) We will better protect the ecological environment. We will work harder to comprehensively prevent and control heavy-metal pollution and improve the water environment in key watersheds, intensify prevention and control of air pollution in urban areas, and work to comprehensively improve the rural environment. We will continue to implement major ecological restoration projects to protect virgin forests, build forest shelterbelts, and return grazing land to grasslands. We will take integrated steps to control desertification, stony deserts, and soil erosion; and work harder to restore and improve the water ecosystems of key watersheds and areas. We will establish a sound mechanism of compensation for ecological damage. We will carry out the pilot project of a cap-and-trade system for emissions and the trials for trading water rights. We will implement demonstration projects to promote clean production. We will step up efforts to monitor and release information about PM2.5, seek to control multiple pollutants in a cooperative manner, and have different regions work together in preventing and controlling pollution.

5) We will effectively respond to climate change. We will organize the formulation of a national master strategy for adapting to climate change, and promulgate and implement the national plan for responding to climate change. We will comprehensively promote trials and demonstrations for low-carbon development, steadily implement the pilot project to trade carbon emissions, and research and establish a national emissions trading scheme. We will extensively carry out policy dialogue and international cooperation, and work with the international community to actively respond to climate change.

(九)進(jìn)一步深化改革開放。(1)加強(qiáng)改革的總體指導(dǎo)和綜合協(xié)調(diào)。深入研究深化經(jīng)濟(jì)體制改革的頂層設(shè)計(jì)和總體規(guī)劃,提出改革總體方案、路線圖、時(shí)間表。出臺(tái)并落實(shí)2013年深化經(jīng)濟(jì)體制改革重點(diǎn)工作的意見。扎實(shí)推進(jìn)綜合配套改革試驗(yàn)。(2)積極推進(jìn)企業(yè)改革。完善各類國(guó)有資產(chǎn)管理體制,推動(dòng)國(guó)有資本更多投向關(guān)系國(guó)家安全和國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)命脈的重要行業(yè)和關(guān)鍵領(lǐng)域,完善國(guó)有資本經(jīng)營(yíng)預(yù)算制度。形成各種所有制經(jīng)濟(jì)依法平等使用生產(chǎn)要素、公平參與市場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)、同等受到法律保護(hù)的體制環(huán)境,落實(shí)并完善促進(jìn)非公有制經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的政策措施,全面清理不利于民間投資發(fā)展的投資審批事項(xiàng)和管理法規(guī),在民間投資進(jìn)入能源、鐵路、金融等重點(diǎn)領(lǐng)域方面取得新突破。(3)穩(wěn)步推進(jìn)價(jià)格改革。完善成品油價(jià)格形成機(jī)制。全面實(shí)施天然氣價(jià)格改革。組織實(shí)施深化電煤市場(chǎng)化改革方案。完善居民階梯電價(jià)制度和可再生能源電價(jià)政策,推行居民階梯水價(jià)和非居民用水超定額加價(jià),試行居民階梯氣價(jià)。改革完善鐵路運(yùn)輸價(jià)格形成機(jī)制。(4)深入推進(jìn)醫(yī)藥衛(wèi)生體制改革。健全全民醫(yī)保體系,全面開展城鄉(xiāng)居民大病保險(xiǎn)試點(diǎn),建立疾病應(yīng)急救助制度,改革醫(yī)保支付制度,推進(jìn)基本醫(yī)保城鄉(xiāng)統(tǒng)籌。鞏固完善基本藥物制度和基層醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生機(jī)構(gòu)運(yùn)行新機(jī)制。穩(wěn)步推進(jìn)全科醫(yī)生執(zhí)業(yè)方式和服務(wù)模式改革試點(diǎn)。以縣級(jí)醫(yī)院為重點(diǎn),以破除以藥補(bǔ)醫(yī)機(jī)制為關(guān)鍵環(huán)節(jié),加快公立醫(yī)院改革。鼓勵(lì)社會(huì)辦醫(yī)。(5)加快財(cái)稅、金融、投資體制改革。健全中央和地方財(cái)力與事權(quán)相匹配的財(cái)政體制。進(jìn)一步擴(kuò)大營(yíng)業(yè)稅改征增值稅試點(diǎn)地區(qū)和行業(yè)范圍,合理調(diào)整消費(fèi)稅范圍和稅率結(jié)構(gòu),逐步擴(kuò)大房產(chǎn)稅改革試點(diǎn)范圍和資源稅從價(jià)計(jì)征范圍,完善促進(jìn)基本公共服務(wù)均等化和主體功能區(qū)建設(shè)的公共財(cái)政體系。穩(wěn)步推進(jìn)利率和人民幣匯率市場(chǎng)化改革,擴(kuò)大人民幣跨境使用。積極引導(dǎo)民間資本進(jìn)入金融業(yè),因地制宜發(fā)展面向農(nóng)村和社區(qū)的小型金融機(jī)構(gòu),推進(jìn)農(nóng)村金融改革,發(fā)展股權(quán)投資和創(chuàng)業(yè)投資,完善多層次資本市場(chǎng)體系。進(jìn)一步精簡(jiǎn)審批事項(xiàng),下放審批權(quán)限。抓緊修訂出臺(tái)新的政府核準(zhǔn)的投資項(xiàng)目目錄。落實(shí)并完善重大項(xiàng)目社會(huì)穩(wěn)定風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估機(jī)制。加快推進(jìn)社會(huì)信用體系建設(shè)。(6)深化收入分配制度改革。認(rèn)真落實(shí)深化收入分配制度改革若干意見,堅(jiān)持按勞分配為主體、多種分配方式并存,堅(jiān)持初次分配和再分配調(diào)節(jié)并重,繼續(xù)完善勞動(dòng)、資本、技術(shù)、管理等要素按貢獻(xiàn)參與分配的初次分配機(jī)制,加快健全以稅收、社會(huì)保障、轉(zhuǎn)移支付為主要手段的再分配調(diào)節(jié)機(jī)制,以增加城鄉(xiāng)居民收入、縮小收入分配差距、規(guī)范收入分配秩序?yàn)橹攸c(diǎn),努力實(shí)現(xiàn)居民收入增長(zhǎng)和經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展同步,勞動(dòng)報(bào)酬增長(zhǎng)和勞動(dòng)生產(chǎn)率提高同步,逐步形成合理有序的收入分配格局。(7)繼續(xù)推進(jìn)教育、科技、文化等領(lǐng)域改革。全面推進(jìn)以公平和質(zhì)量為重點(diǎn)的教育改革試點(diǎn),加快教育質(zhì)量評(píng)價(jià)制度和招生考試制度改革。健全國(guó)家科技重大決策機(jī)制,深化科技經(jīng)費(fèi)管理體制改革,推進(jìn)科研誠(chéng)信和學(xué)風(fēng)建設(shè),建立企業(yè)主導(dǎo)產(chǎn)業(yè)技術(shù)研發(fā)創(chuàng)新的體制機(jī)制。完善公益性文化事業(yè)單位管理體制和運(yùn)行機(jī)制,引導(dǎo)鼓勵(lì)非營(yíng)利文化機(jī)構(gòu)提供公共文化產(chǎn)品和服務(wù),發(fā)展新型文化業(yè)態(tài),提高文化產(chǎn)業(yè)規(guī)?;?、集約化、專業(yè)化水平。

9. We will further deepen reform and opening up.

1) We will provide better integrated guidance and coordination for reform. We will carry out in-depth research on the top-level design and master plan for deepening economic structural reform, and work out an overall plan, road map, and timetable for its implementation. We will issue and implement the guidelines on the priorities in deepening economic structural reform in 2013. We will push forward pilot projects for integrated, complete reforms.

2) We will promote enterprise reforms. We will improve the system for managing all kinds of state-owned assets, encourage more investment of state capital in key industries and areas that are vital to national security and are the lifeblood of the economy, and improve the budget system for state capital operations. We will create an institutional environment to ensure that economic entities under all forms of ownership have equal access to factors of production in accordance with the law, compete on a level playing field and are protected by the law as equals. We will implement and improve policies and measures for promoting the development of the non-public sector, fully streamline items subject to examination and approval for investment projects and review laws and regulations concerning investment management which are not conducive to development of nongovernmental investment, and make new breakthroughs in guiding nongovernmental investment into key areas such as energy, railway and finance.

3) We will carry out price reforms steadily. We will improve the pricing mechanism for refined oil products. We will comprehensively reform natural gas prices. We will organize the implementation of the reform plan to make thermal coal prices more market-based. We will improve the system of progressive pricing for household electricity consumption and the pricing policy for electricity generated from renewable energy sources. We will introduce progressive pricing for household water consumption, impose surcharges on non-household consumption of water exceeding water-use quotas, and try out progressive pricing for household natural gas consumption. We will reform and improve the pricing mechanism for railway transportation.

4) We will deepen reform of the medical and health care systems. We will improve the medical insurance system that covers the whole population. We will fully carry out trials of major disease insurance for rural and urban non-working residents, establish an emergency assistance system for disease treatment, reform the system of medical insurance payouts, and coordinate the development of basic medical insurance in urban and rural areas. We will consolidate and improve the system for basic drugs and the new operating mechanism of medical and health care institutions at the community level. We will steadily implement the pilot project to reform the way general practitioners work and provide services. We will accelerate reform of public hospitals, with the focus on county-level hospitals and for the main purpose of stopping hospitals from using pharmacy profits to subsidize their medical services. We will encourage nongovernmental investment in hospitals.

5) We will accelerate reform of the fiscal, taxation, financial, and investment systems. We will improve the fiscal system for ensuring that the financial resources of the central and local governments are in line with their respective powers. We will carry out the pilot project to replace the imposition of business tax with VAT in more areas and industries. We will adjust the scope of collection and rate structure of the sales tax as appropriate. We will expand the trial reform of the property tax and make resources taxes price-based for more types of resources in due course. We will improve the public finance system that promotes the equal access to basic public services and the development of functional zones. We will steadily promote the reform to make interest rates and the RMB exchange rate more market-based, and extend the use of RMB in cross-border trade settlement. We will work to guide nongovernmental capital into the financial sector, develop small financial institutions oriented toward rural areas and urban communities in line with local conditions, promote financial reform in rural areas, develop equity financing and venture capital, and improve the system of multi-tiered capital markets. We will streamline more items subject to administrative examination and approval and delegate the authority to examine and approve items to lower levels. We will promptly issue the revised list of government-approved investment projects. We will implement and improve the mechanism for assessing risks that major projects may pose to social stability. We will accelerate development of the national credibility system.

6) We will deepen reform of the income distribution system. We will earnestly implement the guidelines on deepening the reform, uphold the distribution system in which distribution according to work is the principal part that coexists with other forms of distribution, and attach equal importance to regulation by primary and secondary distribution. We will continue to improve the primary distribution mechanism in which labor, capital, technology, management, and other factors of production have a rightful share of income in accordance with their respective contribution. We will move faster to improve the mechanism of secondary distribution regulating income distribution mainly through taxation, social security, and transfer payments. We will focus on increasing urban and rural incomes, narrowing income gaps, and ensuring good order in income distribution; strive to increase individual income in step with economic development and work remuneration in step with improvement in labor productivity; and gradually establish a reasonable and orderly pattern of income distribution.

7) We will continue to carry out reform of education, science and technology, and culture. We will comprehensively carry out the pilot project to reform education with the focus on promoting fairness and quality, and accelerate reform of the system for evaluating education quality and the examination and enrollment system. We will improve the mechanism for making major state policy decisions regarding science and technology, deepen reform of the system for managing science and technology expenditures, promote integrity and a good style of study in scientific research, and establish systems and mechanisms in which enterprises play the leading role in promoting industrial R&D and innovation. We will improve the management system and the operation mechanism of nonprofit cultural public institutions, and guide and encourage nonprofit cultural organizations to provide cultural products and services for the public. We will foster new forms of cultural businesses, and make the culture industry larger and more intensive and specialized.

實(shí)行更加積極主動(dòng)的開放戰(zhàn)略,堅(jiān)持把深化沿海開放與擴(kuò)大內(nèi)陸和沿邊開放結(jié)合起來(lái),全面提升開放型經(jīng)濟(jì)水平。(1)促進(jìn)對(duì)外貿(mào)易穩(wěn)定增長(zhǎng)。落實(shí)和完善促進(jìn)外貿(mào)穩(wěn)定增長(zhǎng)的政策措施,鞏固傳統(tǒng)市場(chǎng),拓展新興市場(chǎng)。積極引導(dǎo)加工貿(mào)易轉(zhuǎn)型升級(jí)。擴(kuò)大重要原材料、先進(jìn)技術(shù)設(shè)備、關(guān)鍵零部件等進(jìn)口。大力發(fā)展服務(wù)貿(mào)易和承接服務(wù)外包。妥善處理貿(mào)易摩擦。(2)提高利用外資綜合優(yōu)勢(shì)和總體效益。加強(qiáng)外商投資管理和政策體系建設(shè),完善外資并購(gòu)安全審查制度,促進(jìn)外資產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化。繼續(xù)用好國(guó)外貸款,提高貸款使用效益。2013年,非金融領(lǐng)域外商直接投資預(yù)期達(dá)到1130億美元,增長(zhǎng)1.2%。(3)加快走出去步伐。完善境外投資法律法規(guī)和管理制度,健全境外投資產(chǎn)業(yè)導(dǎo)向和國(guó)別指導(dǎo)政策,支持引導(dǎo)各類所有制企業(yè)有序開展境外投資合作。繼續(xù)做好對(duì)外援助工作。2013年,非金融類境外直接投資預(yù)期達(dá)到887億美元,增長(zhǎng)15%。

We will implement a more active opening up strategy, simultaneously deepen opening up in coastal areas and open inland and border areas wider, and make the economy more open in all respects.

1) We will ensure steady growth of foreign trade. We will implement and improve policies and measures to this end, strengthen traditional markets, and open up new ones. We will actively guide the transformation and upgrading of the processing trade. We will increase imports of important raw materials, advanced technology and equipment, and key spare parts and components. We will energetically develop the service trade and undertake services outsourced by other countries. We will appropriately handle trade frictions.

2) We will improve our overall advantage and performance in utilizing foreign capital. We will enhance the management of and the policy system for foreign investment, improve the security review system for mergers and acquisitions involving foreign capital, and optimize the mix of industries using foreign capital. We will continue to make good use of foreign loans and improve their performance. Non-financial foreign direct investment is expected to reach $113 billion in 2013, up 1.2%.

3) We will quicken our pace of going global. We will improve laws and regulations on outward investment and related management system, improve policies of providing industry and country guidance for outward investment, and support and guide enterprises under all forms of ownership in conducting overseas investment and cooperation in an orderly manner. We will continue to do well in offering aid to other countries. China's non-financial outward direct investment will amount to $88.7 billion this year, an increase of 15%.

(十)著力保障和改善民生。(1)實(shí)施國(guó)家基本公共服務(wù)體系“十二五”規(guī)劃,加快建設(shè)統(tǒng)籌城鄉(xiāng)、區(qū)域的基本公共服務(wù)體系。(2)堅(jiān)持實(shí)施就業(yè)優(yōu)先戰(zhàn)略和更加積極的就業(yè)政策。充分發(fā)揮政府投資和重大項(xiàng)目對(duì)就業(yè)的帶動(dòng)作用。健全城鄉(xiāng)公共就業(yè)服務(wù)體系,落實(shí)和完善高校畢業(yè)生就業(yè)創(chuàng)業(yè)的扶持政策,加強(qiáng)對(duì)農(nóng)民工和失業(yè)人員等就業(yè)困難人員的職業(yè)技能培訓(xùn),完善就業(yè)援助制度。(3)統(tǒng)籌推進(jìn)城鄉(xiāng)社會(huì)保障體系建設(shè)。推進(jìn)城鄉(xiāng)居民基本養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)制度整合,促進(jìn)城鄉(xiāng)各項(xiàng)養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)之間的銜接。提高企業(yè)退休人員基本養(yǎng)老金、農(nóng)村五保供養(yǎng)、優(yōu)撫對(duì)象、城鄉(xiāng)低保補(bǔ)助水平和城鎮(zhèn)居民醫(yī)保、新農(nóng)合政府補(bǔ)助標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。完善社會(huì)救助體系,健全社會(huì)福利制度。加強(qiáng)基層社會(huì)保障服務(wù)能力建設(shè)。大力發(fā)展老齡服務(wù)事業(yè)和產(chǎn)業(yè),健全殘疾人社會(huì)保障和服務(wù)體系。2013年,力爭(zhēng)城鎮(zhèn)基本養(yǎng)老、失業(yè)、工傷保險(xiǎn)和新農(nóng)保的參保人數(shù)分別增長(zhǎng)3.1%、1%、2.7%和3.7%,城鎮(zhèn)基本醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)參保人數(shù)與上年基本持平。(4)切實(shí)抓好保障性安居工程建設(shè)和房地產(chǎn)市場(chǎng)調(diào)控。加強(qiáng)保障性住房建設(shè)和管理,支持和吸引社會(huì)資本參與保障性住房建設(shè),抓緊建設(shè)個(gè)人住房信息系統(tǒng)。加大住房建設(shè)土地供應(yīng),增加中小套型普通商品住房供給。繼續(xù)實(shí)施差別化的住房信貸、稅收政策和限購(gòu)措施,堅(jiān)決抑制投機(jī)、投資性需求。(5)加快發(fā)展各級(jí)各類教育。支持中西部農(nóng)村幼兒園建設(shè),推進(jìn)義務(wù)教育均衡發(fā)展,加強(qiáng)中等職業(yè)教育基礎(chǔ)能力建設(shè),促進(jìn)中西部高等教育振興,提升特殊教育學(xué)校辦學(xué)條件和師資水平。2013年,九年義務(wù)教育鞏固率達(dá)到92.3%,高中階段教育毛入學(xué)率達(dá)到86%,普通高等學(xué)校計(jì)劃招生694萬(wàn)人,研究生60.8萬(wàn)人。(6)提高人民健康水平。加強(qiáng)城鄉(xiāng)醫(yī)療和公共衛(wèi)生服務(wù)體系、兒童醫(yī)療服務(wù)體系、重大疾病防治機(jī)構(gòu)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)。扶持中醫(yī)藥和民族醫(yī)藥事業(yè)發(fā)展。全面開展兒童白血病等20種重大疾病保障試點(diǎn)。完善人口和計(jì)劃生育服務(wù)體系,提高婦幼保健水平。2013年,每千人口醫(yī)院和衛(wèi)生院床位數(shù)達(dá)到3.98張,增長(zhǎng)6.7%。(7)大力發(fā)展文化事業(yè)和文化產(chǎn)業(yè)。繼續(xù)實(shí)施廣播電視村村通、地市級(jí)公共文化設(shè)施、文化信息資源共享、西新工程、農(nóng)家書屋等重點(diǎn)文化惠民工程。建設(shè)優(yōu)秀傳統(tǒng)文化傳承體系,繼續(xù)實(shí)施國(guó)家文化和自然遺產(chǎn)保護(hù)設(shè)施建設(shè)專項(xiàng)。發(fā)展哲學(xué)社會(huì)科學(xué)。加強(qiáng)旅游基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)。加快構(gòu)建全民健身公共服務(wù)體系。(8)加強(qiáng)和創(chuàng)新社會(huì)管理。完善社區(qū)服務(wù)體系,加強(qiáng)社會(huì)工作專業(yè)人才隊(duì)伍建設(shè),提升城鄉(xiāng)基層公共服務(wù)和管理能力。妥善解決群眾合法合理訴求,加大社會(huì)治安、安全生產(chǎn)、食品藥品安全監(jiān)督和應(yīng)急管理等工作力度,堅(jiān)決糾正損害群眾利益的行為,維護(hù)社會(huì)和諧穩(wěn)定。

10. We will endeavor to ensure and improve the people's wellbeing.

1) We will implement the plan for developing the national basic public service system in the Twelfth Five-Year Plan period, and move faster to adopt a holistic approach in developing the system in urban and rural areas and different regions.

2) We will continue to follow the strategy of prioritizing employment and to implement a more active employment policy. We will make full use of government investment and major projects in stimulating employment. We will improve the public employment service system in urban and rural areas; implement and improve the policy for encouraging employment and entrepreneurship of university graduates; strengthen professional skills training for rural migrant workers, the unemployed, and those who experience difficulty finding jobs; and improve the employment assistance system.

3) We will push forward the development of social security systems for urban and rural residents in a holistic way. We will promote the integration of the basic old-age insurance systems for rural and non-working urban residents and improve connections between all types of urban and rural old-age insurance. We will increase basic pensions for enterprise retirees; financial support for childless and infirm rural residents who receive subsidies for food, clothing, medical care, housing, and burial expenses; special care and preferential treatment for entitled groups; subsistence allowances for urban and rural residents; and government subsidies for medical insurance for non-working urban residents and the new type of rural cooperative medical care system. We will improve the social assistance system and establish a sound social welfare system. We will ensure social security services at the community level are carried out better. We will energetically promote service programs and industries for the elderly, and improve the social security and service systems for the disabled. In 2013, urban population to be covered by basic old-age, unemployment, and workers' compensation insurance will increase by 3.1%, 1%, and 2.7%, respectively, rural population under the new type of old-age insurance scheme will increase by 3.7%, and the number of urban residents covered by basic medical insurance will be roughly the same as last year.

4) We will work hard to develop government-subsidized housing and regulate the real estate market. We will make greater efforts to build and manage government-subsidized housing, encourage and attract nongovernmental capital into the construction of government-subsidized housing, and promptly set up a personal housing information system. We will increase land supply for housing construction, and provide more ordinary small and medium-sized condominiums. We will continue to implement differentiated housing credit and tax policies, and limit home purchases to rein in speculative and investment-driven housing demand.

5) We will advance education of all types and at all levels at a faster pace. We will support the construction of rural kindergartens in the central and western regions, promote balanced development of compulsory education, improve infrastructure of secondary vocational education, reinvigorate higher education in the central and western regions, and improve the quality of teachers for special education schools as well as teaching conditions. In 2013, the retention rate of nine-year compulsory education will reach 92.3% and the gross enrollment ratio for senior secondary education will reach 86%, and plans call for enrolling 6.94 million undergraduate students and 608,000 graduate students in regular institutions of higher learning.

6) We will improve the people's health. We will improve the system of urban and rural medical and public health services, the system of children's medical services, and infrastructure of institutions for preventing and controlling major diseases. We will support development of traditional Chinese medicine and ethnic minority medicine. We will fully carry out the pilot project to insure against 20 serious diseases. We will improve the population and family planning service system, and strengthen work concerning maternity and child care. In 2013, hospitals and health clinics will provide 3.98 beds per 1,000 people, up 6.7%.

7) We will vigorously develop cultural programs and industries. We will continue to advance key cultural projects for the public such as the extension of radio and television coverage to all villages, the construction of public cultural facilities at the prefecture level, the national cultural information resource sharing project, the Tibet-Xinjiang Project to extend radio coverage in the western region, and the project to build small libraries in rural areas. We will develop a system for carrying forward fine traditional culture and continue to carry out special projects to develop facilities for preserving national cultural and natural heritage sites. We will promote development of philosophy and the social sciences. We will improve tourism infrastructure. We will move faster to establish a public service system for promoting the national fitness program.

8) We will enhance and make innovations in social management. We will improve the community service system, improve the training of professional social workers, and help urban and rural communities better provide public services and conduct social management. We will properly deal with people's legitimate and reasonable complaints; work harder on public order, workplace safety, food and drug safety oversight, and emergency response management; and resolutely set right all actions that harm people's interests so as to safeguard social harmony and stability.

繼續(xù)加強(qiáng)內(nèi)地與香港、澳門兩個(gè)特別行政區(qū)的交流合作。深化內(nèi)地與港澳更緊密經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系,推進(jìn)服務(wù)貿(mào)易自由化進(jìn)程。支持香港培育新興優(yōu)勢(shì)產(chǎn)業(yè),進(jìn)一步鞏固國(guó)際金融、貿(mào)易、航運(yùn)中心地位。支持澳門建設(shè)世界旅游休閑中心,促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)適度多元發(fā)展。鞏固深化兩岸關(guān)系和平發(fā)展的政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化、社會(huì)基礎(chǔ),推進(jìn)兩岸經(jīng)濟(jì)合作框架協(xié)議的后續(xù)協(xié)商和實(shí)施,不斷提高兩岸經(jīng)貿(mào)和產(chǎn)業(yè)合作水平。 We will continue to increase exchanges and cooperation between the mainland and the Hong Kong and Macao special administrative regions. We will further implement the Closer Economic Partnership Arrangement between them, and promote the liberalization of service trade. We will support Hong Kong in cultivating emerging and advantageous industries and in further consolidating its position as an international financial, trade, and shipping center. We will support Macao in developing itself into a world center of tourism and recreation and in appropriately diversifying its economy. We will consolidate and strengthen the political, economic, cultural and social foundation for peaceful growth of relations between the two sides of the Taiwan Straits, push forward the follow-up talks on and implementation of the Cross-Straits Economic Cooperation Framework Agreement, and keep improving cross-Straits economic, trade, and industrial cooperation.

各位代表,做好2013年經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展各項(xiàng)工作,任務(wù)艱巨,責(zé)任重大。我們要更加緊密地團(tuán)結(jié)在以習(xí)近平同志為總書記的黨中央周圍,高舉中國(guó)特色社會(huì)主義偉大旗幟,以鄧小平理論、“三個(gè)代表”重要思想、科學(xué)發(fā)展觀為指導(dǎo),自覺接受全國(guó)人大的指導(dǎo)和監(jiān)督,虛心聽取全國(guó)政協(xié)的意見和建議,奮發(fā)有為,求真務(wù)實(shí),真抓實(shí)干,為促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)持續(xù)健康發(fā)展、奪取全面建成小康社會(huì)新勝利而努力奮斗!

(注:PM2.5為PM右下角加2.5)

Follow deputies,

Successfully completing all the work for economic and social development in 2013 will be an arduous task and a great responsibility for us. We will unite closer around the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping as General Secretary; hold high the great banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics; and follow the guidance of Deng Xiaoping Theory, the important thought of Three Represents, and the Scientific Outlook on Development. We will voluntarily accept the guidance and oversight of the NPC, and seek comments and suggestions from the CPPCC National Committee members with an open mind. Let us work hard, take solid and tangible actions, and make arduous efforts to promote sustainable and sound economic growth and achieve new victories in finishing building a moderately prosperous society in all respects.

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