中國政府關于菲律賓所提南海仲裁案管轄權問題的立場文件
Chinese government's position paper on matter of jurisdiction in South China Sea arbitration initiated by Philippines
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| 六、結論 | VI. Conclusions |
| 86. 中國認為，仲裁庭對于菲律賓單方面就中菲在南海的爭端提起的強制仲裁明顯沒有管轄權。 | 86. It is the view of China that the Arbitral Tribunal manifestly has no jurisdiction over this arbitration, unilaterally initiated by the Philippines, with regard to disputes between China and the Philippines in the South China Sea. |
| 第一，菲律賓提請仲裁事項的實質是南海部分島礁的領土主權問題，超出《公約》的調整范圍，不涉及《公約》的解釋或適用； | Firstly, the essence of the subject-matter of the arbitration is the territorial sovereignty over the relevant maritime features in the South China Sea, which is beyond the scope of the Convention and is consequently not concerned with the interpretation or application of the Convention. |
| 第二，以談判方式解決在南海的爭端是中菲兩國通過雙邊文件和《宣言》所達成的協議，菲律賓單方面將中菲有關爭端提交強制仲裁違反國際法； | Secondly, there is an agreement between China and the Philippines to settle their disputes in the South China Sea by negotiations, as embodied in bilateral instruments and the DOC. Thus the unilateral initiation of the present arbitration by the Philippines has clearly violated international law. |
| 第三，即使菲律賓提出的仲裁事項涉及有關《公約》解釋或適用的問題，也構成中菲兩國海域劃界不可分割的組成部分，而中國已經根據《公約》的規(guī)定于2006年作出聲明，將涉及海域劃界等事項的爭端排除適用仲裁等強制爭端解決程序； | Thirdly, even assuming that the subject-matter of the arbitration did concern the interpretation or application of the Convention, it has been excluded by the 2006 declaration filed by China under Article 298 of the Convention, due to its being an integral part of the dispute of maritime delimitation between the two States. |
| 第四，中國從未就菲律賓提出的仲裁事項接受過《公約》規(guī)定的強制爭端解決程序；仲裁庭應充分尊重締約國自行選擇爭端解決方式的權利，在《公約》規(guī)定的限度內行使其確定管轄權方面的權力；菲律賓提起仲裁是對《公約》強制爭端解決程序的濫用。中國不接受、不參與該仲裁具有充分的國際法依據。 | Fourthly, China has never accepted any compulsory procedures of the Convention with regard to the Philippines' claims for arbitration. The Arbitral Tribunal shall fully respect the right of the States Parties to the Convention to choose the means of dispute settlement of their own accord, and exercise its competence to decide on its jurisdiction within the confines of the Convention. The initiation of the present arbitration by the Philippines is an abuse of the compulsory dispute settlement procedures under the Convention. There is a solid basis in international law for China' s rejection of and non-participation in the present arbitration. |
| 87. 中國一貫奉行睦鄰友好政策，主張在和平共處五項原則基礎上，通過平等協商，公平合理地解決領土爭端和海域劃界問題。中國認為，談判始終是國際法認可的和平解決國際爭端最直接、最有效和最普遍的方式。 | 87. China consistently adheres to the policy of friendly relations with its neighbouring States, and strives for fair and equitable solution in respect of disputes of territorial sovereignty and maritime delimitation by way of negotiations on the basis of equality and the Five Principles of Peaceful Co-existence. China holds that negotiations is always the most direct, effective, and universally used means for peaceful settlement of international disputes. |
| 88. 經過長期的外交努力和談判，中國與14個陸地鄰國中的12個國家妥善解決了邊界問題，劃定和勘定的邊界線長度達兩萬公里，占中國陸地邊界總長度的90%。在海上，2000年12月25日中國與越南通過談判簽訂了《中華人民共和國和越南社會主義共和國關于兩國在北部灣領海、專屬經濟區(qū)和大陸架的劃界協定》，劃定了兩國在北部灣的海上邊界。中國還于1997年11月11日與日本簽署了《中華人民共和國和日本國漁業(yè)協定》，2000年8月3日與韓國簽署了《中華人民共和國政府和大韓民國政府漁業(yè)協定》，2005年12月24日與朝鮮簽署了《中華人民共和國政府和朝鮮民主主義人民共和國政府關于海上共同開發(fā)石油的協定》，作為海域劃界前的臨時性安排。 | 88. After years of diplomatic efforts and negotiations, China has successfully resolved land boundary disputes with twelve out of its fourteen neighbours, delimiting and demarcating some 20,000 kilometres in length of land boundary in the process, which accounts for over 90% of the total length of China' s land boundary. On 25 December 2000, China and Vietnam concluded, following negotiations, the Agreement between the People' s Republic of China and the Socialist Republic of Viet Nam on the Delimitation of the Territorial Seas, the Exclusive Economic Zones and Continental Shelves in Beibu Bay, establishing a maritime boundary between the two States in Beibu Bay. On 11 November 1997, the Agreement on Fisheries between the People' s Republic of China and Japan was signed. On 3 August 2000, the Agreement on Fisheries between the Government of the People' s Republic of China and the Government of the Republic of Korea was signed. On 24 December 2005, the Agreement between the Government of the People' s Republic of China and the Government of the Democratic People' s Republic of Korea for Joint Development of Oil Resources at Sea was signed. All these are provisional arrangements pending the maritime delimitation between China and those States. |
| 89. 事實證明，只要相關國家秉持善意，在平等互利基礎上進行友好協商談判，就可以妥善地解決領土爭端和海域劃界問題。對于中國與菲律賓之間的有關爭端，中國也堅持同樣的原則和立場。 | 89. The facts show that, as long as States concerned negotiate in good faith and on the basis of equality and mutual benefit, territorial and maritime delimitation disputes can be resolved properly between them. This principle and position of China equally apply to its disputes with the Philippines in the South China Sea. |
| 90. 中國不認為在當事方同意的基礎上將爭端提交仲裁是不友好的行為。但是，在涉及領土主權和海洋權利的問題上，明知他國已明確表示不接受仲裁，明知雙方已承諾通過雙邊直接談判解決爭端，還要強行將爭端訴諸仲裁，就不能被認為是友善的行為，更不能被認為是堅持法治的精神，因為這與國際法的基本原則背道而馳，違反國際關系基本準則。這種做法不僅不可能使兩國爭端得到妥善解決，反而會進一步損害兩國之間的互信，使兩國之間的問題進一步復雜化。 | 90. China does not consider submission by agreement of a dispute to arbitration as an unfriendly act. In respect of disputes of territorial sovereignty and maritime rights, unilateral resort to compulsory arbitration against another State, however, cannot be taken as a friendly act, when the initiating State is fully aware of the opposition of the other State to the action and the existing agreement between them on dispute settlement through negotiations. Furthermore, such action cannot be regarded as in conformity with the rule of law, as it runs counter to the basic rules and principles of international law. It will not in any way facilitate a proper settlement of the dispute between the two countries. Instead it will undermine mutual trust and further complicate the bilateral relations. |
| 91. 近年來，菲律賓在黃巖島和仁愛礁等問題上不斷采取新的挑釁行動，不僅嚴重損害了中菲之間的政治互信，也破壞了中國與東盟國家共同落實《宣言》、磋商制訂“南海行為準則”的良好氛圍。事實上，過去幾年來，在東南亞地區(qū)，不是菲律賓所描繪的“中國變得更強勢”，而是菲律賓自己變得更具挑釁性。 | 91. In recent years, the Philippines has repeatedly taken new provocative actions in respect of Huangyan Dao and Ren' ai Jiao. Such actions have gravely hindered mutual political trust between China and the Philippines, and undermined the amicable atmosphere for China and ASEAN member States to implement the DOC and consult on the proposed Code of Conduct in the South China Sea. In fact, in the region of Southeast Asia, it is not China that has become "increasingly assertive" ; it is the Philippines that has become increasingly provocative. |
| 92. 南海問題涉及多個國家，加上各種復雜的歷史背景和敏感的政治因素，需要各方的耐心和政治智慧才能實現最終解決。中國堅持認為，有關各方應當在尊重歷史事實和國際法的基礎上，通過協商和談判尋求妥善的解決辦法。在有關問題得到徹底解決之前，各方應當開展對話，尋求合作，維護南海的和平與穩(wěn)定，不斷增信釋疑，為問題的最終解決創(chuàng)造條件。 | 92. The issue of the South China Sea involves a number of States, and is compounded by complex historical background and sensitive political factors. Its final resolution demands patience and political wisdom from all parties concerned. China always maintains that the parties concerned shall seek proper ways and means of settlement through consultations and negotiations on the basis of respect for historical facts and international law. Pending final settlement, all parties concerned should engage in dialogue and cooperation to preserve peace and stability in the South China Sea, enhance mutual trust, clear up doubts, and create conditions for the eventual resolution of the issue. |
| 93. 菲律賓單方面提起仲裁的做法，不會改變中國對南海諸島及其附近海域擁有主權的歷史和事實，不會動搖中國維護主權和海洋權益的決心和意志，不會影響中國通過直接談判解決有關爭議以及與本地區(qū)國家共同維護南海和平穩(wěn)定的政策和立場。 | 93. The unilateral initiation of the present arbitration by the Philippines will not change the history and fact of China' s sovereignty over the South China Sea Islands and the adjacent waters; nor will it shake China' s resolve and determination to safeguard its sovereignty and maritime rights and interests; nor will it affect the policy and position of China to resolve the relevant disputes by direct negotiations and work together with other States in the region to maintain peace and stability in the South China Sea. |
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