習(xí)近平在華盛頓核安全峰會(huì)上的講話（全文）
Full text: President Xi's speech at 4th Nuclear Security Summit
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| 4月1日，第四屆核安全峰會(huì)在美國(guó)首都華盛頓舉行。國(guó)家主席習(xí)近平出席并發(fā)表題為《加強(qiáng)國(guó)際核安全體系，推進(jìn)全球核安全治理》的重要講話。[新華社] Chinese President Xi Jinping attends the fourth Nuclear Security Summit in Washington D.C., the United States, April 1, 2016. [Xinhua] |
![4月1日，第四屆核安全峰會(huì)在美國(guó)首都華盛頓舉行。國(guó)家主席習(xí)近平出席并發(fā)表題為《加強(qiáng)國(guó)際核安全體系，推進(jìn)全球核安全治理》的重要講話。[新華社]](http://images.china.cn/site1007/2016-04/07/b8aeed990456187054432c.jpg "4月1日，第四屆核安全峰會(huì)在美國(guó)首都華盛頓舉行。國(guó)家主席習(xí)近平出席并發(fā)表題為《加強(qiáng)國(guó)際核安全體系，推進(jìn)全球核安全治理》的重要講話。[新華社]")
| 國(guó)家主席習(xí)近平4月1日在美國(guó)首都華盛頓舉行的第四屆核安全峰會(huì)上發(fā)表重要講話。講話全文如下： | Chinese President Xi Jinping delivered a speech at the opening plenary of the Fourth Nuclear Security Summit in Washington D.C., the United States, April 1, 2016. The following is the translated version of the full text of the speech:? |
加強(qiáng)國(guó)際核安全體系 推進(jìn)全球核安全治理 | Strengthen Global Nuclear Security Architecture and Promote Global Nuclear Security Governance |
| 尊敬的奧巴馬總統(tǒng)， 各位同事： | President Obama, Dear Colleagues, |
| 很高興同大家聚首華盛頓，共商國(guó)際核安全大計(jì)。感謝奧巴馬總統(tǒng)和美國(guó)政府所作的周到安排。 | It gives me great pleasure to join you in Washington D.C. for this important discussion on international nuclear security. I want to thank President Obama and the US government for the thoughtful arrangements. |
| 60年前，人類和平利用核能事業(yè)起步，也從此邁開了加強(qiáng)核安全的步伐。60年來，在國(guó)際社會(huì)共同努力下，核安全理念深入人心，核安全合作碩果累累，各國(guó)核安全能力顯著提高。 | Sixty years ago, humanity started the peaceful use of nuclear energy and embarked on a path to strengthen nuclear security. Over the past 60 years, thanks to the concerted efforts of the international community, the public awareness of nuclear security has been greatly enhanced, nuclear security cooperation has yielded fruitful results, and the nuclear security capability of countries has markedly improved. |
| 始于2010年的核安全峰會(huì)，啟動(dòng)了國(guó)際核安全事業(yè)的助推器。6年一路走來，從確立共同目標(biāo)，到制定工作重點(diǎn)，再到規(guī)劃未來藍(lán)圖，我們一步一個(gè)腳印作出了自己的貢獻(xiàn)。 | The Nuclear Security Summit process, which started in 2010, has provided a major boost to international nuclear security. Six years on, from developing common goals, establishing key priorities to mapping out the blueprint for the future, we have made our solid contribution to this great cause. |
| 兩年前，在荷蘭海牙舉行的第三屆核安全峰會(huì)上，我提出應(yīng)堅(jiān)持理性、協(xié)調(diào)、并進(jìn)的核安全觀，將核安全進(jìn)程納入持續(xù)健康發(fā)展軌道。我高興地看到，兩年來全球核安全水平又有新的提高。 | Two years ago, at the Third Nuclear Security Summit in The Hague, I suggested that countries should follow a sensible, coordinated and balanced approach to nuclear security, and put it on the track of sound and sustainable development. I am pleased to note that new progress has been made in improving global nuclear security over the past two years. |
| 但是，我們不能故步自封、裹足不前。環(huán)顧全球，世界格局正在經(jīng)歷前所未有的深刻演變，安全領(lǐng)域威脅和挑戰(zhàn)層出不窮，產(chǎn)生恐怖主義的根源遠(yuǎn)未消除，核恐怖主義仍然是對(duì)國(guó)際安全的重大威脅。 | That being said, we have no reason to be self-complacent and slacken our efforts. Looking around the world, the global landscape is going through profound changes unseen in the past. New threats and challenges keep emerging in the security field. The root causes of terrorism are far from being removed. Nuclear terrorism remains a grave threat to international security. |
| 展望未來，加強(qiáng)國(guó)際核安全體系，是核能事業(yè)健康發(fā)展的基本前提，更是推進(jìn)全球安全治理、構(gòu)建新型國(guó)際關(guān)系、完善世界秩序的重要環(huán)節(jié)。核安全峰會(huì)雖然將落下帷幕，但我們的新征程才剛剛開始。 | Looking ahead, a more robust global nuclear security architecture is the prerequisite for the sound development of nuclear energy. It is also an important step for promoting global security governance, building a new type of international relations and improving world order. The conclusion of the Nuclear Security Summit will not be the end of our endeavor, rather it will be the beginning of a new journey. |
| 各位同事！ | Dear Colleagues, |
| 我在海牙峰會(huì)上主張構(gòu)建一個(gè)公平、合作、共贏的國(guó)際核安全體系。以公平原則固本強(qiáng)基，以合作手段驅(qū)動(dòng)發(fā)展，以共贏前景堅(jiān)定信心，為核能安全造福人類提供強(qiáng)有力、可持續(xù)的制度保障。為實(shí)現(xiàn)這一遠(yuǎn)大目標(biāo)，我們要攜手共進(jìn)，作出新的努力。 | At the Summit in The Hague, I called for the building of a global nuclear security architecture featuring fairness and win-win cooperation. The principle of fairness secures a strong foundation, a cooperative approach generates momentum for development, while a win-win prospect gives us greater confidence. Together, they will provide strong and sustainable institutional guarantee for mankind to benefit from nuclear energy with security. We should work together and make fresh efforts to realize this grand objective. |
| ——強(qiáng)化政治投入，把握標(biāo)本兼治方向。作為國(guó)家領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人，我們有責(zé)任使核安全得到充分重視，有必要對(duì)國(guó)際反核恐怖主義形勢(shì)進(jìn)行經(jīng)常性審議。要凝聚加強(qiáng)核安全的國(guó)際共識(shí)，對(duì)核恐怖主義零容忍、無差別，推動(dòng)全面落實(shí)核安全法律義務(wù)及政治承諾，有效應(yīng)對(duì)新挑戰(zhàn)新威脅。 | -- Stepping up political input and sticking to the direction of addressing both symptoms and root causes. As national leaders, we have the responsibility to ensure that nuclear security gets adequate attention, and it is necessary to assess the international nuclear terrorism situation on a regular basis. We must build international consensus on enhanced nuclear security, have zero-tolerance for nuclear terrorism with no discrimination, push for the full implementation of the legal obligations and political commitments on nuclear security, and give an effective response to new challenges and threats. |
| 求木之長(zhǎng)者，必固其根本。尋求治本之道，始終是我們的目標(biāo)。我們要銘記全人類福祉，構(gòu)建以合作共贏為核心的新型國(guó)際關(guān)系，堅(jiān)定推進(jìn)全球安全治理，維護(hù)和平穩(wěn)定的國(guó)際環(huán)境，促進(jìn)各國(guó)普遍發(fā)展繁榮，開展和而不同、兼收并蓄的文明交流。惟其如此，才能早日鏟除滋生核恐怖主義的土壤。 | As a Chinese saying goes, for a tree to grow tall, it needs to have deep roots. And we have always wanted to find a solution that addresses the root cause of the problem. We must bear in mind the well-being of humanity, build a new type of international relations featuring win-win cooperation, steadfastly advance global security governance, uphold a peaceful and stable international environment, promote common development and prosperity of all countries, and facilitate mutual learning and exchanges between different civilizations. Only in this way can we remove the breeding ground of nuclear terrorism at an early date. |
| ——強(qiáng)化國(guó)家責(zé)任，構(gòu)筑嚴(yán)密持久防線。發(fā)展核能是各國(guó)自主選擇，確保核安全是各國(guó)應(yīng)盡之責(zé)。我們要結(jié)合國(guó)情，從國(guó)家層面部署實(shí)施核安全戰(zhàn)略，制定中長(zhǎng)期核安全發(fā)展規(guī)劃，完善核安全立法和監(jiān)管機(jī)制，并確保相關(guān)工作得到足夠投入和支持。 | -- Stepping up national responsibility and tightening up a line of defense that is sustainable. Just as a country makes its own choice to develop nuclear energy, it bears unshirkable responsibility to ensure nuclear security. Taking into account national conditions,we must,at the national level,plan and implement nuclear security strategy, formulate mid-and-long term development plans for nuclear security,improve nuclear security legislation and monitoring mechanism, and ensure that relevant work receives sufficient input and support. |
| 戰(zhàn)略布局離不開實(shí)際舉措支撐。核恐怖主義威脅非對(duì)稱性和不確定性突出，日常預(yù)防和危機(jī)應(yīng)對(duì)要雙管齊下。一方面，要做到見之于未萌、治之于未亂，筑牢基本防線，排除恐怖分子利用國(guó)際網(wǎng)絡(luò)和金融系統(tǒng)興風(fēng)作浪等新風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。另一方面，要制定全方位、分階段的危機(jī)應(yīng)對(duì)預(yù)案，準(zhǔn)確評(píng)估風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，果斷處置事態(tài)，及時(shí)掌控局勢(shì)。 | Strategic layout will get nowhere without support of concrete measures. The threat posed by nuclear terrorism is highly asymmetrical and unpredictable. Day-to-day prevention and crisis response must go together. It is important to detect and nip such threats in the bud before they become real and turn into crisis, build a basic line of defense, and prevent new risks whereby terrorists manipulate international network and financial system to stir up trouble. Moreover, it is important to work out crisis response plan which is comprehensive and stage-specific, accurately assess risks, decisively handle incidents, and timely put the situation under control. |
| ——強(qiáng)化國(guó)際合作，推動(dòng)協(xié)調(diào)并進(jìn)勢(shì)頭。核恐怖主義是全人類的公敵，核安全事件的影響超越國(guó)界。在互聯(lián)互通時(shí)代，沒有哪個(gè)國(guó)家能夠獨(dú)自應(yīng)對(duì)，也沒有哪個(gè)國(guó)家可以置身事外。在尊重各國(guó)主權(quán)的前提下，所有國(guó)家都要參與到核安全事務(wù)中來，以開放包容的精神，努力打造核安全命運(yùn)共同體。 | -- Stepping up international cooperation and enhancing the momentum of coordination for common progress. Nuclear terrorism is the common enemy of all mankind. Nuclear security incidents will have impacts that go beyond national borders. In the age of connectivity, no country can deal with such problems alone, and no country can stay immune from their impacts. Under the precondition of respect for national sovereignty, all countries should participate in nuclear security affairs, and adopt an open and inclusive spirit to forge a community of shared future on nuclear security. |
| 現(xiàn)有國(guó)際組織和機(jī)制可作為未來核安全國(guó)際合作的堅(jiān)實(shí)平臺(tái)。我們要以國(guó)際原子能機(jī)構(gòu)為核心，協(xié)調(diào)、整合全球核安全資源，并利用其專業(yè)特長(zhǎng)服務(wù)各國(guó)。聯(lián)合國(guó)作為最具普遍性的國(guó)際組織，可繼續(xù)發(fā)揮重要作用。其他組織和機(jī)制也可以提供有益補(bǔ)充，促進(jìn)執(zhí)法等領(lǐng)域務(wù)實(shí)合作。在此過程中，要照顧廣大發(fā)展中國(guó)家合理訴求，向他們提供援助。 | Existing international organizations and mechanisms can serve as solid platforms for international cooperation on nuclear security in the future. The IAEA can play a central role to coordinate and consolidate global resources for nuclear security, and use its professional expertise to serve all countries. As the most universal international organization, the United Nations can continue to play an important role. Other organizations and mechanisms can also play a useful,complementary role and promote practical cooperation in law-enforcement and other fields. In this process, it is necessary to accommodate the legitimate demand of developing countries and provide them with assistance. |
| ——強(qiáng)化核安全文化，營(yíng)造共建共享氛圍。加強(qiáng)國(guó)際核安全體系，人的因素最為重要。法治意識(shí)、憂患意識(shí)、自律意識(shí)、協(xié)作意識(shí)是核安全文化的核心，要貫穿到每位從業(yè)人員的思想和行動(dòng)中，使他們知其責(zé)、盡其職。 | -- Stepping up the culture of nuclear security and creating an atmosphere of joint efforts and shared benefits. The human factor is the most important element in the strengthening of global nuclear security architecture. The awareness of the rule of law, the sense of urgency, and the spirit of self-discipline and coordination are central to the nuclear security culture. As such, every one working in this field must follow their guidance in thinking and action so that they will readily understand their responsibilities and fulfill their duties. |
| 學(xué)術(shù)界和公眾樹立核安全意識(shí)同樣重要。我們要鼓勵(lì)各國(guó)智庫(kù)密切關(guān)注國(guó)際反核恐怖主義形勢(shì)，積極開展核安全學(xué)術(shù)研究，并就加強(qiáng)國(guó)際核安全體系、促進(jìn)各國(guó)核安全工作提出更多有價(jià)值的建議。我們還要做好核安全知識(shí)普及，增進(jìn)公眾對(duì)核安全的理解和重視。 | It is equally important that the academic community and the general public also foster the awareness of nuclear security. We must encourage think tanks of all countries to closely follow the developments of international efforts against nuclear terrorism, actively carry out studies in nuclear security and put forth more valuable recommendations on work to strengthen global nuclear security architecture and enhance all countries' nuclear security. In addition, we must do a good job to spread the knowledge of nuclear security and increase the public understanding of and attention to nuclear security. |
| 各位同事！ | Dear Colleagues, |
| 作為最大的發(fā)展中國(guó)家，中國(guó)始終在確保安全的前提下，致力于開發(fā)利用核能，彌補(bǔ)能源需求缺口，應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化挑戰(zhàn)。中國(guó)是核電發(fā)展最快的國(guó)家，同時(shí)保持著良好核安全紀(jì)錄。海牙峰會(huì)以來，中國(guó)在核安全領(lǐng)域又取得了新進(jìn)展。 | As the largest developing country, China has always been committed to development and utilization of nuclear energy while ensuring security in the first place. This is to bridge the gap in energy supply, and address the challenges posed by climate change. China is the country with the fastest growth of nuclear power. At the same time, it has kept a good record of nuclear security. Since the Summit in The Hague, China has made new progress in the field of nuclear security. |
| ——中國(guó)奉行精益求精的理念，努力探索加強(qiáng)核安全的有效途徑。我們已經(jīng)將核安全納入國(guó)家總體安全體系，寫入國(guó)家安全法，明確了對(duì)核安全的戰(zhàn)略定位。我們不斷完善核安全國(guó)家法律框架，正在研究頒布原子能法、核安全法。我們制定實(shí)施了核安全中長(zhǎng)期工作規(guī)劃，不斷健全監(jiān)管和執(zhí)法機(jī)制，全面開展從業(yè)人員能力建設(shè)，組織各類型模擬演練，提高應(yīng)急響應(yīng)能力。 | -- In pursuit of excellence through constant improvement, China has strived to explore effective ways to strengthen nuclear security. We have already incorporated nuclear security in China's national security system, written it into the National Security Law and defined its strategic nature. We are constantly improving the national legal framework concerning nuclear security and studying the promulgation of law on atomic energy and law on nuclear security. We have formulated and implemented the mid-to-long term work plan on nuclear security, and we are making efforts to improve monitoring and law-enforcement mechanisms,carry out capacity building for all personnel in this industry and organize various kinds of mock exercises to raise the ability of emergency response. |
| ——中國(guó)堅(jiān)持言出必行的原則，忠實(shí)履行國(guó)際義務(wù)和政治承諾。中國(guó)已經(jīng)批準(zhǔn)核安全領(lǐng)域所有國(guó)際法律文書，一貫嚴(yán)格執(zhí)行安理會(huì)相關(guān)決議，積極支持和參與核安全國(guó)際倡議。海牙峰會(huì)上，我承諾的國(guó)家核安全示范中心已經(jīng)提前一年竣工并在北京投入運(yùn)營(yíng)；中國(guó)原子能科學(xué)研究院高濃鈾微堆已經(jīng)順利完成改造，開始使用更為安全的低濃鈾燃料；中國(guó)協(xié)助加納改造其高濃鈾微堆的項(xiàng)目也取得了積極進(jìn)展。 | -- Keeping its promise on nuclear security, China has fulfilled its international obligations and political commitment. China has ratified all the international legal instruments in the field of nuclear security, consistently and strictly implemented related Security Council resolutions, and actively supported and participated in international initiatives on nuclear security. The Center of Excellence on Nuclear Security I promised at the Summit in The Hague has been completed a year ahead of schedule and is now operational in Beijing; the HEU-fueled Miniature Neutron Source Reactor (MNSR) of the China Institute of Atomic Energy has been smoothly converted to start using safer LEU fuels; and positive progress has been made in the Chinese-assisted program to convert a HEU-fueled research reactor in Ghana. |
| ——中國(guó)心懷合作共贏的愿景，積極推動(dòng)國(guó)際交流合作。中國(guó)堅(jiān)定支持國(guó)際原子能機(jī)構(gòu)執(zhí)行核安全行動(dòng)計(jì)劃，逐步增加向核安全基金的捐款。中國(guó)和國(guó)際原子能機(jī)構(gòu)已經(jīng)商定，將于今年正式啟動(dòng)實(shí)施首次實(shí)物保護(hù)咨詢服務(wù)。今年2月，中國(guó)和美國(guó)成功舉行了首次年度核安全對(duì)話。我們也將深化同其他國(guó)家以及聯(lián)合國(guó)、打擊核恐怖主義全球倡議等的交流合作。 | -- Aspiring for win-win cooperation, China is vigorously promoting international exchanges and cooperation. China firmly supports the IAEA in implementing the Action Plan on Nuclear Safety and will increase donations to the Nuclear Security Fund. China and the IAEA have agreed to officially start implementing the first International Physical Protection Advisory Service this year. This February, China and the US successfully held the first annual Nuclear Security Dialogue. We will also deepen our exchanges and cooperation with other countries, the UN and the Global Initiative to Combat Nuclear Terrorism. |
| 中國(guó)將繼續(xù)加強(qiáng)本國(guó)核安全，同時(shí)將積極推進(jìn)核安全國(guó)際合作，分享技術(shù)和經(jīng)驗(yàn)，貢獻(xiàn)資源和平臺(tái)。我宣布： | While stepping up its own nuclear security, China will actively advance related international cooperation, share its technologies and expertise and contribute resources and platforms. I hereby announce: |
| 第一，中國(guó)將構(gòu)建核安全能力建設(shè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)。我們將利用國(guó)家核安全示范中心、中國(guó)海關(guān)輻射探測(cè)培訓(xùn)中心等現(xiàn)有平臺(tái)，開展核安全從業(yè)人員培訓(xùn)、核安全技術(shù)演練和交流等活動(dòng)。我們歡迎亞太國(guó)家、“一帶一路”沿線國(guó)家和其他發(fā)展中國(guó)家參與相關(guān)項(xiàng)目，并將同國(guó)際原子能機(jī)構(gòu)等保持緊密合作。 | First, China will build a network for capacity building on nuclear security. We will use existing platforms including the Center of Excellence on Nuclear Security and the China Customs Radiation Detection Training Center to carry out training of nuclear security professionals, exercises and exchanges regarding nuclear security technologies and other activities. We welcome the participation of Asia Pacific countries, countries along the Belt and Road and other developing countries in relevant projects and will stay in close cooperation with the IAEA. |
| 第二，中國(guó)將推廣減少高濃鈾合作模式。我們支持各國(guó)根據(jù)本國(guó)需要，在經(jīng)濟(jì)和技術(shù)條件可行的情況下，盡量減少使用高濃鈾。我們?cè)冈凇凹蛹{模式”基礎(chǔ)上，本著自愿務(wù)實(shí)的原則，協(xié)助有關(guān)國(guó)家改造從中國(guó)進(jìn)口的高濃鈾微堆。我們還將總結(jié)改造高濃鈾微堆的多方合作模式，供其他有興趣的國(guó)家參考。 | Second, China will promote cooperation model for less use of HEU. We support all countries in minimizing the use of HEU according to their needs as long as it is economically and technologically viable. We are willing to build on the Ghana model and help countries convert HEU-fueled MNSR imported from China under the principle of voluntarism and pragmatism. We will present to other interested countries the multi-party cooperation model for converting HEU-fueled MNSR for their reference. |
| 第三，中國(guó)將實(shí)施加強(qiáng)放射源安全行動(dòng)計(jì)劃。為防止各國(guó)數(shù)量龐大的放射源被恐怖分子覬覦，我們將在未來5年內(nèi)，進(jìn)一步梳理境內(nèi)放射源情況，健全安保制度，重點(diǎn)實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)高風(fēng)險(xiǎn)移動(dòng)放射源的實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)控。我們?cè)竿渌麌?guó)家分享經(jīng)驗(yàn)，共同提高放射源安全監(jiān)管水平。 | Third, China will implement the action plan on strengthening security of radioactive sources. To prevent the large amount of radioactive sources from falling into the hands of terrorists, we will, in the coming five years, review the radioactive sources within China, improve the security system and give priority to conducting real-time monitoring of high-risk mobile radioactive sources. We stand ready to share our experience with other countries and work with them to enhance the security monitoring of radioactive sources. |
| 第四，中國(guó)將啟動(dòng)應(yīng)對(duì)核恐怖危機(jī)技術(shù)支持倡議。我們將同有意愿的國(guó)家和組織一道，開展民用核材料分析、溯源等領(lǐng)域的科學(xué)研究，積極組織模擬演練，共同提升危機(jī)應(yīng)對(duì)能力。 | Fourth, China will launch the technological support initiative against crisis of nuclear terrorism. We will, together with like-minded countries and organizations, carry out scientific research in the fields of civilian nuclear material analysis and tracing, actively organize mock exercises and jointly enhance our capacity for addressing crisis. |
| 第五，中國(guó)將推廣國(guó)家核電安全監(jiān)管體系。中國(guó)實(shí)施最嚴(yán)格的安全監(jiān)管，確保中國(guó)境內(nèi)和對(duì)外出口的核電站安全可靠、萬無一失。我們將依托國(guó)家核與輻射安全監(jiān)管技術(shù)研發(fā)中心，幫助有需要的國(guó)家提升安全監(jiān)管能力，為提高全球核電安全水平作出貢獻(xiàn)。 | Fifth, China will promote its national security monitoring system for nuclear power. China applies the most stringent security monitoring to ensure the safety and security of the nuclear power stations within China and those exported to other parts of the world. Nothing is left to chance. Relying on the National Research and Development Center for Nuclear and Radiation Safety and Security Monitoring Technologies, we will help others enhance their capacity in security monitoring and contribute our share to enhancing nuclear power safety and security worldwide. |
| 各位同事！ | Dear Colleagues, |
| 春生夏長(zhǎng)，秋收冬藏。有耕耘必有收獲。只要我們精誠(chéng)合作，持續(xù)加強(qiáng)核安全，核能造福人類的前景必將更加光明！ | What we plant in spring will blossom in summer, come to fruition in autumn and sustain us throughout the winter. The more we plough, the more we will gain. As long as we cooperate in good faith and continue to step up nuclear security, nuclear energy will certainly deliver a brighter future to mankind. |
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