《中國的中醫(yī)藥》白皮書（全文）
White Paper: Traditional Chinese Medicine in China
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| 二、中國發(fā)展中醫(yī)藥的政策措施 | II. Policies and Measures on TCM Development |
| 中國高度重視中醫(yī)藥事業(yè)發(fā)展。新中國成立初期，把“團(tuán)結(jié)中西醫(yī)”作為三大衛(wèi)生工作方針之一，確立了中醫(yī)藥應(yīng)有的地位和作用。1978年，中共中央轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)衛(wèi)生部《關(guān)于認(rèn)真貫徹黨的中醫(yī)政策，解決中醫(yī)隊伍后繼乏人問題的報告》，并在人、財、物等方面給予大力支持，有力地推動了中醫(yī)藥事業(yè)發(fā)展。中華人民共和國憲法指出，發(fā)展現(xiàn)代醫(yī)藥和我國傳統(tǒng)醫(yī)藥，保護(hù)人民健康。1986年，國務(wù)院成立相對獨(dú)立的中醫(yī)藥管理部門。各省、自治區(qū)、直轄市也相繼成立中醫(yī)藥管理機(jī)構(gòu)，為中醫(yī)藥發(fā)展提供了組織保障。第七屆全國人民代表大會第四次會議將“中西醫(yī)并重”列為新時期中國衛(wèi)生工作五大方針之一。2003年，國務(wù)院頒布實施《中華人民共和國中醫(yī)藥條例》；2009年，國務(wù)院頒布實施《關(guān)于扶持和促進(jìn)中醫(yī)藥事業(yè)發(fā)展的若干意見》，逐步形成了相對完善的中醫(yī)藥政策體系。 | China lays great store by the development of TCM. When the People's Republic was founded in 1949, the government placed emphasis on uniting Chinese and Western medicine as one of its three guidelines for health work, and enshrined the important role of TCM. In 1978, the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee transmitted throughout the country the Ministry of Health's "Report on Implementing the Party's Policies Regarding TCM and Cultivating TCM Practitioners," and lent great support in areas of human resources, finance, and supplies, vigorously promoting the development of TCM. It is stipulated in the Constitution of the PRC that the state promotes modern medicine and traditional Chinese medicine to protect the people's health. In 1986, the State Council set up a relatively independent administration of TCM. All provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the central government have established their respective TCM administrations, which has laid an organizational basis for TCM development. At the Fourth Meeting of the Seventh National People's Congress, equal emphasis was put on Chinese and Western medicine, which was made one of the five guidelines in China's health work in the new period. In 2003 and 2009, the State Council issued the "Regulations of the People's Republic of China on Traditional Chinese Medicine" and the "Opinions on Supporting and Promoting the Development of Traditional Chinese Medicine," gradually forming a relatively complete policy system on TCM. |
| 中國共產(chǎn)黨第十八次全國代表大會以來，黨和政府把發(fā)展中醫(yī)藥擺上更加重要的位置，作出一系列重大決策部署。在全國衛(wèi)生與健康大會上，習(xí)近平總書記強(qiáng)調(diào)，要“著力推動中醫(yī)藥振興發(fā)展”。中國共產(chǎn)黨第十八次全國代表大會和十八屆五中全會提出“堅持中西醫(yī)并重”“扶持中醫(yī)藥和民族醫(yī)藥事業(yè)發(fā)展”。2015年，國務(wù)院常務(wù)會議通過《中醫(yī)藥法（草案）》，并提請全國人大常委會審議，為中醫(yī)藥事業(yè)發(fā)展提供良好的政策環(huán)境和法制保障。2016年，中共中央、國務(wù)院印發(fā)《“健康中國2030”規(guī)劃綱要》，作為今后15年推進(jìn)健康中國建設(shè)的行動綱領(lǐng)，提出了一系列振興中醫(yī)藥發(fā)展、服務(wù)健康中國建設(shè)的任務(wù)和舉措。國務(wù)院印發(fā)《中醫(yī)藥發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略規(guī)劃綱要（2016－2030年）》，把中醫(yī)藥發(fā)展上升為國家戰(zhàn)略，對新時期推進(jìn)中醫(yī)藥事業(yè)發(fā)展作出系統(tǒng)部署。這些決策部署，描繪了全面振興中醫(yī)藥、加快醫(yī)藥衛(wèi)生體制改革、構(gòu)建中國特色醫(yī)藥衛(wèi)生體系、推進(jìn)健康中國建設(shè)的宏偉藍(lán)圖，中醫(yī)藥事業(yè)進(jìn)入新的歷史發(fā)展時期。 | Since the CPC's 18th National Congress in 2012, the Party and the government have granted greater importance to the development of TCM, and made a series of major policy decisions and adopted a number of plans in this regard. At the National Conference on Hygiene and Health held in August 2016, President Xi Jinping emphasized the importance of revitalizing and developing traditional Chinese medicine. The CPC's 18th National Congress and the Fifth Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee both reiterated the necessity to pay equal attention to the development of traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine and lend support to the development of TCM and ethnic minority medicine. In 2015, the executive meeting of the State Council approved the Law on Traditional Chinese Medicine (draft) and submitted it to the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress for deliberation and approval, intending to provide a sounder policy environment and legal basis for TCM development. In 2016 the CPC Central Committee and the State Council issued the Outline of the Healthy China 2030 Plan, a guide to improving the health of the Chinese people in the coming 15 years. It sets out a series of tasks and measures to implement the program and develop TCM. The State Council issued the Outline of the Strategic Plan on the Development of Traditional Chinese Medicine (2016-2030), which made TCM development a national strategy, with systemic plans for TCM development in the new era. These decisions and plans have mapped out a grand blueprint that focuses on the full revitalization of TCM, accelerated reform of the medical and healthcare system, the building of a medical and healthcare system with Chinese characteristics, and the advancement of the healthy China plan, thus ushering in a new era of development for TCM. |
| 中國發(fā)展中醫(yī)藥的基本原則和主要措施： | The basic principles and main measures envisioned to develop TCM are: |
| 堅持以人為本，實現(xiàn)中醫(yī)藥成果人民共享。中醫(yī)藥有很深的群眾基礎(chǔ)，文化理念易于為人民群眾所接受。中醫(yī)藥工作以滿足人民群眾健康需求為出發(fā)點(diǎn)和落腳點(diǎn)，不斷擴(kuò)大中醫(yī)醫(yī)療服務(wù)供給，提高基層中醫(yī)藥健康管理水平，推進(jìn)中醫(yī)藥與社區(qū)服務(wù)、養(yǎng)老、旅游等融合發(fā)展，普及中醫(yī)藥健康知識，倡導(dǎo)健康的生產(chǎn)生活方式，增進(jìn)人民群眾健康福祉，保證人民群眾享有安全、有效、方便的中醫(yī)藥服務(wù)。 | Putting people first, and making achievements in TCM development accessible to everyone. TCM roots deep among the public, and the philosophies it contains are easy to understand. To meet the people's demand for healthcare, China endeavors to expand the supply of TCM services, improve community-level TCM health management, advance the integral development of TCM with community service, care of the elderly and tourism, spread knowledge of TCM and advocate healthy ways of life and work, enhance welfare for the public, and ensure that the people can enjoy safe, efficient, and convenient TCM services. |
| 堅持中西醫(yī)并重，把中醫(yī)藥與西醫(yī)藥擺在同等重要的位置。堅持中醫(yī)藥與西醫(yī)藥在思想認(rèn)識、法律地位、學(xué)術(shù)發(fā)展和實踐應(yīng)用上的平等地位，健全管理體制，加大財政投入，制定體現(xiàn)中醫(yī)藥自身特點(diǎn)的政策和法規(guī)體系，促進(jìn)中、西醫(yī)藥協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展，共同為維護(hù)和增進(jìn)人民群眾健康服務(wù)。 | Equal attention to TCM and Western medicine. Equal status shall be accorded to TCM and Western medicine in terms of ideological understanding, legal status, academic development, and practical application. Efforts shall be made to improve system of administration related to TCM, increase financial input, formulate policies, laws and regulations suited to the unique features of TCM, promote coordinated development of TCM and Western medicine, and make sure that they both serve the maintenance and improvement of the people's health. |
| 堅持中醫(yī)與西醫(yī)相互取長補(bǔ)短、發(fā)揮各自優(yōu)勢。堅持中西醫(yī)相互學(xué)習(xí)，組織西醫(yī)學(xué)習(xí)中醫(yī)，在中醫(yī)藥高等院校開設(shè)現(xiàn)代醫(yī)學(xué)課程，加強(qiáng)高層次中西醫(yī)結(jié)合人才培養(yǎng)。中醫(yī)醫(yī)院在完善基本功能基礎(chǔ)上，突出特色?？茖２〗ㄔO(shè)，推動綜合醫(yī)院、基層醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)置中醫(yī)藥科室，實施基本公共衛(wèi)生服務(wù)中醫(yī)藥項目，促進(jìn)中醫(yī)藥在基本醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生服務(wù)中發(fā)揮重要作用。建立健全中醫(yī)藥參與突發(fā)公共事件醫(yī)療救治和重大傳染病防治的機(jī)制，發(fā)揮中醫(yī)藥獨(dú)特優(yōu)勢。 | Making TCM and Western medicine complementary to each other, and letting each play to its strengths. The state encourages exchanges between TCM and Western medicine, and creates opportunities for Western medical practitioners to learn from their TCM counterparts. Modern medicine courses are offered at TCM colleges and universities to strengthen the cultivation of doctors who have a good knowledge of both TCM and Western medicine. In addition to the general departments, TCM hospitals have been encouraged to open specialized departments for specific diseases. General hospitals and community-level medical care organizations have been encouraged to set up TCM departments, and TCM has been made available to patients in the basic medical care system and efforts have been made to make it play a more important role in basic medical care. A mechanism has been established for TCM to participate in medical relief of public emergencies and the prevention and control of serious infectious diseases. |
| 堅持繼承與創(chuàng)新的辯證統(tǒng)一，既保持特色優(yōu)勢又積極利用現(xiàn)代科學(xué)技術(shù)。建立名老中醫(yī)藥專家學(xué)術(shù)思想和臨床診療經(jīng)驗傳承制度，系統(tǒng)挖掘整理中醫(yī)古典醫(yī)籍與民間醫(yī)藥知識和技術(shù)。建設(shè)符合中醫(yī)藥特點(diǎn)的科技創(chuàng)新體系，開展中醫(yī)藥基礎(chǔ)理論、診療技術(shù)、療效評價等系統(tǒng)研究，組織重大疑難疾病、重大傳染病防治的聯(lián)合攻關(guān)和對常見病、多發(fā)病、慢性病的中醫(yī)藥防治研究，推動中藥新藥和中醫(yī)診療儀器、設(shè)備研制開發(fā)。 | Upholding the dialectical unity of tradition and innovation, i.e., maintaining TCM's characteristics while actively applying modern science and technology in TCM development. A system has been established to carry forward the theories and clinical experience of well-known veteran TCM experts, and efforts have been made to rediscover and categorize ancient TCM classics and folk medical experience and practices. A system of technological innovation has been established to advance TCM progress, and efforts have been made to carry out systemic research on the fundamental theories, clinical diagnosis and treatment, and therapeutic evaluation of TCM. Interdisciplinary efforts have been organized in joint research on the treatment and control of major difficult and complicated diseases and major infectious diseases, as well as research on the prevention and treatment of common diseases, frequently occurring diseases, and chronic diseases using TCM. Endeavor has been made in the R&D of new TCM medicines, and medical devices and equipment. |
| 堅持統(tǒng)籌兼顧，推進(jìn)中醫(yī)藥全面協(xié)調(diào)可持續(xù)發(fā)展。把中醫(yī)藥醫(yī)療、保健、科研、教育、產(chǎn)業(yè)、文化作為一個有機(jī)整體，統(tǒng)籌規(guī)劃、協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展。實施基層服務(wù)能力提升工程，健全中醫(yī)醫(yī)療服務(wù)體系。實施“治未病”健康工程，發(fā)展中醫(yī)藥健康服務(wù)。開展國家中醫(yī)臨床研究基地建設(shè)，構(gòu)建中醫(yī)藥防治重大疾病協(xié)同創(chuàng)新體系。實施中醫(yī)藥傳承與創(chuàng)新人才工程，提升中醫(yī)藥人才隊伍素質(zhì)。推動中藥全產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈綠色發(fā)展，大力發(fā)展非藥物療法。推動中醫(yī)藥產(chǎn)業(yè)升級，培育戰(zhàn)略性新興產(chǎn)業(yè)。開展“中醫(yī)中藥中國行”活動，弘揚(yáng)中醫(yī)藥核心價值理念。 | Making overall plans for integrated, coordinated and sustainable development of TCM. The state makes overall plans for the coordinated development of TCM, integrating such areas as TCM clinical practices, healthcare, R&D, education, industry, and culture. Efforts have been made to improve community-level TCM services and the TCM medical care system. A health promotion project featuring preventative treatment of diseases has been launched to enhance TCM medical care. China has built research bases for TCM clinical studies, developed a system of coordination and innovation for the prevention and treatment of major diseases with TCM, and launched programs for training professionals necessary for TCM inheritance and innovation, and improving the quality of the ranks of TCM workers. The state has set out to promote the green development of the entire TCM industrial chain, and vigorous efforts have been made in the development of non-pharmacological therapies. Further efforts have been made to upgrade the TCM industry and develop it into an emerging strategic industry. A nationwide program has been conducted to promote the core values of TCM. |
| 堅持政府扶持、各方參與，共同促進(jìn)中醫(yī)藥事業(yè)發(fā)展。把中醫(yī)藥作為經(jīng)濟(jì)社會發(fā)展的重要內(nèi)容，納入相關(guān)規(guī)劃、給予資金支持。強(qiáng)化中醫(yī)藥監(jiān)督管理，實施中醫(yī)執(zhí)業(yè)醫(yī)師、醫(yī)療機(jī)構(gòu)和中成藥準(zhǔn)入制度，健全中醫(yī)藥服務(wù)和質(zhì)量安全標(biāo)準(zhǔn)體系。制定優(yōu)惠政策，充分發(fā)揮市場在資源配置中的決定性作用，積極營造平等參與、公平競爭的市場環(huán)境，不斷激發(fā)中醫(yī)藥發(fā)展的潛力和活力。鼓勵社會捐資支持中醫(yī)藥事業(yè)，推動社會力量開辦中醫(yī)藥服務(wù)機(jī)構(gòu)。 | Promoting TCM development by way of government support and multi-party participation. The government has made TCM an important component of economic and social development, and has included it in relevant plans and provided financial support. The state has strengthened the supervision and administration of TCM practices, and initiated a market access system for TCM practitioners, TCM medical institutions, and TCM medicines, and improved the standards for the quality and safety of TCM service. The government has developed preferential policies to let the market play a full and decisive role in allocating resources, and is striving to create a market environment characterized by equal participation and fair play, so as to maximize the potential and vitality of TCM. Encouragement has been given to social capital to support the development of TCM, and to private investors to establish TCM healthcare institutions. |
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