二、2017年工作總體部署 | I now wish to discuss with you what the government will do in 2017. |
今年將召開中國共產(chǎn)黨第十九次全國代表大會,是黨和國家事業(yè)發(fā)展中具有重大意義的一年。做好政府工作,要在以習近平同志為核心的黨中央領導下,高舉中國特色社會主義偉大旗幟,全面貫徹黨的十八大和十八屆三中、四中、五中、六中全會精神,以鄧小平理論、“三個代表”重要思想、科學發(fā)展觀為指導,深入貫徹習近平總書記系列重要講話精神和治國理政新理念新思想新戰(zhàn)略,統(tǒng)籌推進“五位一體”總體布局和協(xié)調(diào)推進“四個全面”戰(zhàn)略布局,堅持穩(wěn)中求進工作總基調(diào),牢固樹立和貫徹落實新發(fā)展理念,適應把握引領經(jīng)濟發(fā)展新常態(tài),堅持以提高發(fā)展質量和效益為中心,堅持宏觀政策要穩(wěn)、產(chǎn)業(yè)政策要準、微觀政策要活、改革政策要實、社會政策要托底的政策思路,堅持以推進供給側結構性改革為主線,適度擴大總需求,加強預期引導,深化創(chuàng)新驅動,全面做好穩(wěn)增長、促改革、調(diào)結構、惠民生、防風險各項工作,保持經(jīng)濟平穩(wěn)健康發(fā)展和社會和諧穩(wěn)定,以優(yōu)異成績迎接黨的十九大勝利召開。 | This year, the Communist Party of China will hold its 19th National Congress, so it will be a year of great significance for advancing the cause of the Party and our country. To deliver in our work this year, the government will do the following: -- Follow the leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core -- Hold high the banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics -- Implement fully the guidelines from the 18th National Party Congress and those of the third through sixth plenary sessions of the 18th Party Central Committee -- Take as our guide Deng Xiaoping Theory, the Theory of Three Represents, and the Scientific Outlook on Development -- Put into practice the principles from General Secretary Xi Jinping's major addresses and his new vision, thinking, and strategies for China's governance -- Promote balanced economic, political, cultural, social, and ecological progress and coordinated implementation of the Four-Pronged Comprehensive Strategy(1) -- Remain committed to the underlying principle of making progress while keeping performance stable -- Gain a strong understanding of and put into practice the new development philosophy -- Adapt to, approach in the right way, and steer the new normal in economic development -- Give central importance to improving the quality and returns of development -- Ensure that macro-level policy is consistent, industrial policy is targeted, micro-level policy injects dynamism into the market, reform policy delivers outcomes, and social policy sees basic living needs are met -- Focus on supply-side structural reform -- Expand aggregate demand as appropriate -- Do better in guiding expectations -- Strengthen the role of innovation in driving development -- Maintain stable growth, promote reform, make structural adjustments, improve living standards, and guard against risks -- Maintain stable and sound economic development as well as social harmony and stability These efforts should enable us to pave the way for the 19th National Party Congress with outstanding achievements. Note: (1) This refers to making comprehensive moves to finish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects, deepen reform, advance the law-based governance of China, and strengthen Party self-governance. |
綜合分析國內(nèi)外形勢,我們要做好應對更加復雜嚴峻局面的充分準備。世界經(jīng)濟增長低迷態(tài)勢仍在延續(xù),“逆全球化”思潮和保護主義傾向抬頭,主要經(jīng)濟體政策走向及外溢效應變數(shù)較大,不穩(wěn)定不確定因素明顯增加。我國發(fā)展處在爬坡過坎的關鍵階段,經(jīng)濟運行存在不少突出矛盾和問題。困難不容低估,信心不可動搖。我國物質基礎雄厚、人力資源充裕、市場規(guī)模龐大、產(chǎn)業(yè)配套齊全、科技進步加快、基礎設施比較完善,經(jīng)濟發(fā)展具有良好支撐條件,宏觀調(diào)控還有不少創(chuàng)新手段和政策儲備。我們堅信,有黨的堅強領導,堅持黨的基本路線,堅定不移走中國特色社會主義道路,依靠人民群眾的無窮創(chuàng)造力,萬眾一心、奮力拼搏,我國發(fā)展一定能夠創(chuàng)造新的輝煌。 | The developments both in and outside of China require that we are ready to face more complicated and graver situations. World economic growth remains sluggish, and both the deglobalization trend and protectionism are growing. There are many uncertainties about the direction of the major economies' policies and their spillover effects, and the factors that could cause instability and uncertainty are visibly increasing. China is at a crucial and challenging stage in its own development endeavors, and there are many salient challenges and problems in the economy. The difficulties we face are not to be underestimated, but we must remain confident that they will be overcome. China has a solid material foundation, abundant human resources, a huge market, and a complete system of industries. It is making faster scientific and technological progress, and has a complete range of infrastructure. We have good conditions for sustaining economic development, and many innovative tools and policy options for conducting macroeconomic regulation. We should follow the leadership of the Party, uphold the Party's fundamental political guidelines, and keep to the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics; we should rely on the inexhaustible creativity of the people, unite as one, and forge ahead. It is our firm belief that by doing this, we will make great new achievements in China's development. |
今年發(fā)展的主要預期目標是:國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值增長6.5%左右,在實際工作中爭取更好結果;居民消費價格漲幅3%左右;城鎮(zhèn)新增就業(yè)1100萬人以上,城鎮(zhèn)登記失業(yè)率4.5%以內(nèi);進出口回穩(wěn)向好,國際收支基本平衡;居民收入和經(jīng)濟增長基本同步;單位國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值能耗下降3.4%以上,主要污染物排放量繼續(xù)下降。 | Based on the above considerations, we have set the following key projected targets for development this year: -- GDP growth of around 6.5 percent, or higher if possible in practice -- CPI increase kept at around 3 percent -- Over 11 million new urban jobs, and a registered urban unemployment rate within 4.5 percent -- A steady rise in import and export volumes, and a basic balance in international payments -- Increases in personal income basically in step with economic growth -- A reduction of at least 3.4 percent in energy consumption per unit of GDP, and continued reductions in the release of major pollutants |
今年的經(jīng)濟增長預期目標,符合經(jīng)濟規(guī)律和客觀實際,有利于引導和穩(wěn)定預期、調(diào)整結構,也同全面建成小康社會要求相銜接。穩(wěn)增長的重要目的是為了保就業(yè)、惠民生。今年就業(yè)壓力加大,要堅持就業(yè)優(yōu)先戰(zhàn)略,實施更加積極的就業(yè)政策。城鎮(zhèn)新增就業(yè)預期目標比去年多100萬人,突出了更加重視就業(yè)的導向。從經(jīng)濟基本面和就業(yè)吸納能力看,這一目標通過努力是能夠實現(xiàn)的。 | The projected target for this year's growth is realistic and in keeping with economic principles; it will help steer and steady expectations and make structural adjustments; and it will help achieve the goal of finishing the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects. An important reason for stressing the need to maintain stable growth is to ensure employment and improve people's lives. As employment pressure grows this year, we will continue to give top priority to creating jobs and implement a more proactive employment policy. This year's target for urban job creation is one million more than last year, underlining the greater importance we are attaching to employment. Considering our sound economic fundamentals and the capacity they bring for job creation, with hard work, this target is attainable. |
今年要繼續(xù)實施積極的財政政策和穩(wěn)健的貨幣政策,在區(qū)間調(diào)控基礎上加強定向調(diào)控、相機調(diào)控,提高預見性、精準性和有效性,注重消費、投資、區(qū)域、產(chǎn)業(yè)、環(huán)保等政策的協(xié)調(diào)配合,確保經(jīng)濟運行在合理區(qū)間。 | This year, we will continue to pursue a proactive fiscal policy and a prudent monetary policy. On the basis of conducting range-based regulation, we will focus more on targeted and well-timed regulation and increase the foresight, precision, and effectiveness of our regulation. We will strengthen coordination of consumption, investment, regional, industrial, and environmental protection policies, and ensure the economy performs within an appropriate range. |
財政政策要更加積極有效。今年赤字率擬按3%安排,財政赤字2.38萬億元,比去年增加2000億元。其中,中央財政赤字1.55萬億元,地方財政赤字8300億元。安排地方專項債券8000億元,繼續(xù)發(fā)行地方政府置換債券。今年赤字率保持不變,主要是為了進一步減稅降費,全年再減少企業(yè)稅負3500億元左右、涉企收費約2000億元,一定要讓市場主體有切身感受。財政預算安排要突出重點、有保有壓,加大力度補短板、惠民生。對地方一般性轉移支付規(guī)模增長9.5%,重點增加均衡性轉移支付和困難地區(qū)財力補助。壓縮非重點支出,減少對績效不高項目的預算安排。各級政府要堅持過緊日子,中央部門要帶頭,一律按不低于5%的幅度壓減一般性支出,決不允許增加“三公”經(jīng)費,擠出更多資金用于減稅降費,堅守節(jié)用裕民的正道。 | We will pursue a more proactive and effective fiscal policy. This year's deficit-to-GDP ratio is projected to be 3 percent, with the fiscal deficit set at 2.38 trillion yuan, representing a year-on-year increase of 200 billion yuan. To break this down, the projected deficit of the central government is 1.55 trillion yuan, and the projected deficit of local governments is 830 billion yuan. Local government special bonds to be issued will total 800 billion yuan, and local government bonds will continue to be issued to replace their outstanding debt. The main reason for keeping this year's deficit-to-GDP ratio unchanged is to allow for further reductions in taxes and fees. Over the course of the year, the tax burden on businesses will be further eased by around 350 billion yuan, and business related fees will be further cut by around 200 billion yuan to benefit market entities. Government budgets should highlight priorities; spending in some areas should be maintained while in others cuts should be made; and more should be spent to strengthen areas of weakness and improve living standards. General transfer payments to local governments will be increased by 9.5 percent, with the focus on increasing transfer payments for equalizing access to basic public services and stepping up subsidies for regions facing economic difficulties. We will scale down non-priority spending and cut budgets for projects that do not deliver desired outcomes. Governments at all levels should tighten their belts, and central government departments should take the lead by cutting no less than 5 percent of their general expenditures. No increase in spending on official overseas visits, official vehicles, or official hospitality is permitted; and we will squeeze out more funds to cover cuts in taxes and fees. We will keep government spending low and enrich our people. |
貨幣政策要保持穩(wěn)健中性。今年廣義貨幣M2和社會融資規(guī)模余額預期增長均為12%左右。要綜合運用貨幣政策工具,維護流動性基本穩(wěn)定,合理引導市場利率水平,疏通傳導機制,促進金融資源更多流向實體經(jīng)濟,特別是支持“三農(nóng)”和小微企業(yè)。堅持匯率市場化改革方向,保持人民幣在全球貨幣體系中的穩(wěn)定地位。 | We will continue to pursue a prudent and neutral monetary policy. The M2 money supply and aggregate financing are forecasted to grow by around 12 percent in 2017. We will apply a full range of monetary policy instruments, maintain basic stability in liquidity, see that market interest rates remain at an appropriate level, and improve the transmission mechanism of monetary policy. We will encourage a greater flow of financial resources into the real economy, particularly in support of agriculture, rural areas, and farmers, and small and micro businesses. The RMB exchange rate will be further liberalized, and the currency's stable position in the global monetary system will be maintained. |
做好今年政府工作,要把握好以下幾點。一是貫徹穩(wěn)中求進工作總基調(diào),保持戰(zhàn)略定力。穩(wěn)是大局,要著力穩(wěn)增長、保就業(yè)、防風險,守住金融安全、民生保障、環(huán)境保護等方面的底線,確保經(jīng)濟社會大局穩(wěn)定。在穩(wěn)的前提下要勇于進取,深入推進改革,加快結構調(diào)整,敢于啃“硬骨頭”,努力在關鍵領域取得新進展。二是堅持以推進供給側結構性改革為主線。必須把改善供給側結構作為主攻方向,通過簡政減稅、放寬準入、鼓勵創(chuàng)新,持續(xù)激發(fā)微觀主體活力,減少無效低效供給、擴大有效供給,更好適應和引導需求。這是一個化蛹成蝶的轉型升級過程,既充滿希望又伴隨陣痛,既非常緊迫又艱巨復雜。要勇往直前,堅決闖過這個關口。三是適度擴大總需求并提高有效性。我國內(nèi)需潛力巨大,擴內(nèi)需既有必要也有可能,關鍵是找準發(fā)力點。要圍繞改善民生來擴大消費,著眼補短板、增后勁來增加投資,使擴內(nèi)需更加有效、更可持續(xù),使供給側改革和需求側管理相輔相成、相得益彰。四是依靠創(chuàng)新推動新舊動能轉換和結構優(yōu)化升級。我國發(fā)展到現(xiàn)在這個階段,不靠改革創(chuàng)新沒有出路。我們擁有世界上數(shù)量最多、素質較高的勞動力,有最大規(guī)模的科技和專業(yè)技能人才隊伍,蘊藏著巨大的創(chuàng)新潛能。要堅持以改革開放為動力、以人力人才資源為支撐,加快創(chuàng)新發(fā)展,培育壯大新動能、改造提升傳統(tǒng)動能,提高全要素生產(chǎn)率,推動經(jīng)濟保持中高速增長、產(chǎn)業(yè)邁向中高端水平。五是著力解決人民群眾普遍關心的突出問題。政府的一切工作都是為了人民,要踐行以人民為中心的發(fā)展思想,把握好我國處于社會主義初級階段的基本國情。對群眾反映強烈、期待迫切的問題,有條件的要抓緊解決,把好事辦好;一時難以解決的,要努力創(chuàng)造條件逐步加以解決。我們要咬定青山不放松,持之以恒為群眾辦實事、解難事,促進社會公平正義,把發(fā)展硬道理更多體現(xiàn)在增進人民福祉上。 | To deliver a good performance this year, we in government should stick to the following guidelines: First, we should make progress while maintaining stable performance and keep our strategic focus. Stability is of overriding importance. We should ensure stable growth, maintain employment, and prevent risks. To ensure overall economic and social stability we must not allow the redline to be crossed concerning financial security, people's wellbeing, or environmental protection. We should, while maintaining stable performance, endeavor to make progress, deepen reforms, accelerate structural adjustments, be prepared to take on some really tough problems, and push to make progress in key areas. Second, we should focus on supply-side structural reform. We must give priority to improving supply-side structure. We should streamline administration, reduce taxes, further expand market access, and encourage innovation; and we should keep micro entities energized, reduce ineffective supply while expanding effective supply, and better adapt to and guide demand. Like the struggle from chrysalis to butterfly, this process of transformation and upgrading is filled with promise but also accompanied by great pain; it is urgent, formidable, and complicated. We should press forward with courage and get the job done. Third, we should expand aggregate demand as appropriate and improve its efficacy. China's potential domestic demand is enormous, and it is both necessary and possible for domestic demand to be expanded. The key is to know where to start. We need to increase consumer spending to improve people's lives, and boost investment to strengthen areas of weakness and sustain development, so that the expansion of domestic demand becomes more effective and sustainable and supply-side reform and demand-side regulation reinforce each other. Fourth, we should rely on innovation to replace old growth drivers with new ones and speed up structural improvement and upgrading. Having reached the current stage of development, China can now advance only through reform and innovation. We have the largest quality workforce as well as the largest pool of scientists, engineers, and professionals in the world, and their potential for innovation is truly tremendous. We must continue to draw strength from reform and opening up, fully tap the potential of human resources and human capital, and move more quickly to pursue innovation-driven development. We should foster and develop new growth drivers while transforming and upgrading the traditional growth drivers, and increase total factor productivity. These steps will enable China's economy to maintain a medium-high rate of growth and China's industries to move toward the medium-high end. Fifth, we should solve prominent problems of public concern. All government work is for the people. We should keep in mind the fact that China remains in the primary stage of socialism and pursue a people focused development philosophy. Where conditions permit, we will lose no time in solving problems about which the people have great concern and which demand speedy resolution. When problems cannot be solved for the time being, we will work to resolve them over time. We must make dedicated efforts to deliver services to the people, resolve the difficulties they face, promote social equity and justice, and demonstrate that development does better people's lives. |