記者會(huì)開(kāi)始時(shí)，李克強(qiáng)說(shuō)，首先感謝媒體朋友們?cè)谔厥鈺r(shí)期克服了特殊困難，對(duì)中國(guó)兩會(huì)進(jìn)行報(bào)道。因?yàn)橐咔樵?，我們用視頻連線形式開(kāi)記者會(huì)，我想這個(gè)距離不會(huì)影響我們之間的溝通。時(shí)間有限，請(qǐng)大家提問(wèn)。

In his opening remarks, Premier Li Keqiang thanked the journalists for covering China's NPC and CPPCC Sessions at an unusual time and despite unusual circumstances. He noted that although the containment protocols require that the press conference be held via a video link, such distance would not impede their communication. In the interest of time, he went straight to questions.

路透社記者：新冠肺炎疫情對(duì)世界各國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)都造成了嚴(yán)重的影響，不少?lài)?guó)家的政府出臺(tái)了數(shù)萬(wàn)億美元的財(cái)政和貨幣措施，來(lái)應(yīng)對(duì)新冠肺炎疫情對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)產(chǎn)生的沖擊。今年中國(guó)政府工作報(bào)告中沒(méi)有設(shè)定GDP增速。根據(jù)路透社的測(cè)算，政府工作報(bào)告中出臺(tái)的財(cái)政措施約占中國(guó)2019年國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值的4%，這個(gè)規(guī)模比一些經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家的預(yù)期要低，今年一季度中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)首次出現(xiàn)了幾十年以來(lái)的收縮。未來(lái)幾個(gè)月，中方是否會(huì)出臺(tái)更大規(guī)模的刺激措施？從更長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)看，中方是否有足夠的政策工具來(lái)應(yīng)對(duì)全球疫情持續(xù)蔓延和不斷緊張的中美關(guān)系？

Reuters: The new coronavirus outbreak has devastated economies around the world. Trillions of dollars in fiscal and monetary measures have been pushed out to deal with the fallout. In this year's Government Work Report, China did not set a GDP growth target. But it did announce fiscal measures worth about 4% of China's GDP in 2019 according to our calculations. That's slightly less than some economists expected after seeing China's economy contract for the first time in decades in the first quarter. So my question is: can we expect China to deliver more ambitious stimulus in the months to come? Does China have sufficient policy options to deal with a prolonged global pandemic and rising tensions with the United States?

李克強(qiáng)：這次新冠肺炎疫情給世界經(jīng)濟(jì)造成了嚴(yán)重沖擊，可以說(shuō)是史上罕見(jiàn)。最近不少主要國(guó)際組織都預(yù)測(cè)，今年全球經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)是負(fù)3%，甚至更多。中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)已經(jīng)深度融入世界經(jīng)濟(jì)，不可能置身事外。所以今年我們沒(méi)有確定GDP增長(zhǎng)的量化指標(biāo)，這也是實(shí)事求是的。但是我們確定了保居民就業(yè)、?；久裆⒈Ｊ袌?chǎng)主體等“六?！钡哪繕?biāo)任務(wù)，這和經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)有直接關(guān)系。經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)不是不重要，我們這樣做實(shí)際上也是讓人民群眾對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)有更直接的感受，使經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)有更高的質(zhì)量。發(fā)展是解決中國(guó)一切問(wèn)題的關(guān)鍵和基礎(chǔ)。如果統(tǒng)算一下，實(shí)現(xiàn)了“六?！保貏e是前“三?！?，我們就會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn)今年中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)正增長(zhǎng)，而且要力爭(zhēng)有一定的幅度，推動(dòng)中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)穩(wěn)定前行。

Premier Li: The novel coronavirus disease has taken a heavy toll on the global economy in a way rarely seen before. Major international institutions have projected a negative 3 percent global growth or worse this year. As China's economy has become deeply integrated into the global economy, it is simply impossible for the Chinese economy to stay immune to such impacts. This year we decided not to set a specific growth target. This is a decision informed by the realities on the ground. In the meantime, we have formulated a series of goals and tasks in six key areas which are closely connected with economic development, with a particular focus on protecting employment, people's basic living needs, and market entities.

Not setting a specific GDP growth target does not mean that economic development is not important. Our decision is designed for economic growth to deliver more real gains to our people and promote higher quality development in China. We believe that development still holds the key and is the foundation for resolving all the problems in China today. Putting protections in place in six key areas, especially in the areas of jobs, livelihoods and businesses, will help us achieve positive and solid growth this year to the extent possible, and maintain steady economic development.

你剛才說(shuō)到有反映我們出臺(tái)的政策規(guī)模低于預(yù)期，但是我也聽(tīng)到很多方面反映，認(rèn)為我們出臺(tái)的規(guī)模性政策還是有力度的。應(yīng)對(duì)這場(chǎng)沖擊，我們既要把握力度，還要把握時(shí)機(jī)。在新冠肺炎疫情蔓延的時(shí)候，我們也出臺(tái)了一些政策，但是當(dāng)時(shí)復(fù)工復(fù)產(chǎn)還在推進(jìn)中，復(fù)業(yè)復(fù)市受阻，一些政策不可能完全落地，很多人都待在家里。在這個(gè)過(guò)程中，我們也積累了經(jīng)驗(yàn)。正是根據(jù)前期的經(jīng)驗(yàn)和對(duì)當(dāng)前形勢(shì)的判斷，我們?cè)谡ぷ鲌?bào)告中推出的規(guī)模性政策舉措，應(yīng)該說(shuō)是有力度的。

In your questions you said our measures are seen by some as below expectations. What I heard from many quarters is that our measures are forceful. For any response to work, we must get both the timing and intensity right. When COVID-19 was still raging, some policies were introduced. But with the economy barely reopened, the situation then made it difficult for these polices to get truly delivered on the ground, as most of the people still had to stay indoors. This has been a process of gaining experience. Based on the experience in the past weeks and months and our assessment of the current situation, we have decided on new policy steps of a sizable scale as set out in the Government Work Report, and we believe these measures are forceful.

過(guò)去我們說(shuō)不搞“大水漫灌”，現(xiàn)在還是這樣，但是特殊時(shí)期要有特殊政策，我們叫作“放水養(yǎng)魚(yú)”。沒(méi)有足夠的水，魚(yú)是活不了的。但是如果泛濫了，就會(huì)形成泡沫，就會(huì)有人從中套利，魚(yú)也養(yǎng)不成，還會(huì)有人渾水摸魚(yú)。所以我們采取的措施要有針對(duì)性，也就是說(shuō)要摸準(zhǔn)脈、下準(zhǔn)藥。錢(qián)從哪里來(lái)、用到哪里去，都要走新路。

We have repeatedly said that we will not flood China's economy with liquidity. We didn't do it in the past; we will not do it now. But the current unusual time requires extraordinary measures. Just as water is important to fish farming, sufficient liquidity is important to economic development. But too much water will induce froth in the fish pond, whereby some people may attempt to muddy the waters and fish for arbitrage. We must ensure that measures taken are well-focused, the prescription is precise and the medicines for getting out of the hardship effective. New approaches must be employed as to where the money comes from and how it is spent.

這次規(guī)模性政策籌措的資金分兩大塊：一塊是新增財(cái)政赤字和發(fā)行抗疫特別國(guó)債，共兩萬(wàn)億元。還有另外更大的一塊，就是減免社保費(fèi)，有的國(guó)家叫工薪稅，并動(dòng)用失業(yè)保險(xiǎn)結(jié)存，推動(dòng)國(guó)有商業(yè)銀行讓利、自然壟斷性企業(yè)降價(jià)以降低企業(yè)的經(jīng)營(yíng)成本。這一塊加起來(lái)大概是前一塊的兩倍。我們是要將這些資金用于保就業(yè)、保民生和保市場(chǎng)主體，支撐居民的收入。這些資金和我們現(xiàn)在全部居民收入40多萬(wàn)億元的總盤(pán)子相比，比例達(dá)兩位數(shù)。

The financing raised through policies of a sizable scale can be grouped into mainly two categories. The first covers the increase of fiscal deficits and issuance of government bonds for COVID-19 control. Together it amounts to 2 trillion RMB yuan. The other category, which is roughly twice as big, covers payment relief for enterprises of their contributions to social security schemes, also known as payroll tax in some other countries, and taps into the balance of the unemployment insurance fund, interest concessions made by state-owned commercial banks, and price reductions in natural monopoly industries to lower enterprises' operating costs. This money will be primarily used to support jobs, people's basic living needs and businesses, and sustain household income. It accounts for a double-digit share in the more than 40 trillion RMB yuan of total household income in China.

更重要的是錢(qián)往哪里去？我們這次為企業(yè)紓困和激發(fā)市場(chǎng)活力的規(guī)模性政策，主要是用來(lái)穩(wěn)就業(yè)、保民生，使居民有消費(fèi)能力，這有利于促消費(fèi)、拉動(dòng)市場(chǎng)，可以說(shuō)是一條市場(chǎng)化改革的路子。

What's more important is how the money is spent. Our measures of a sizable scale are designed to provide vital relief to businesses and revitalize the market. With a particular focus on supporting jobs and people's livelihoods, our people will have money to spend and consumption will drive market vitality. This is in keeping with market-oriented reform.

錢(qián)是可以生錢(qián)的，用之于民的錢(qián)可以創(chuàng)造新的財(cái)富，涵養(yǎng)稅源，使財(cái)政可持續(xù)。我們一定要穩(wěn)住當(dāng)前的經(jīng)濟(jì)，穩(wěn)定前行，但也要避免起重腳，揚(yáng)起塵土迷了后人的路。如果經(jīng)濟(jì)方面或其他方面再出現(xiàn)大的變化，我們還留有政策空間，不管是財(cái)政、金融、社保都有政策儲(chǔ)備，可以及時(shí)出臺(tái)新的政策，而且不會(huì)猶豫。保持中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行至關(guān)重要。

Money well-spent can create new money. Money invested in the people will generate new wealth, help us protect and preserve the tax base and make public finance more sustainable. We will do our utmost to keep China's economic growth stable and make steady progress. In other words, we will not kick up dirt and leave a trail of dust that will block the sight of those who follow. We have also reserved policy space on the fiscal, financial, social security and other fronts. And we are in a strong position to quickly introduce new measures without any hesitation should the evolving situation calls for it. It is essential that we keep China's economic growth on a steady course.

我們堅(jiān)信，在以習(xí)近平同志為核心的黨中央堅(jiān)強(qiáng)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下，經(jīng)過(guò)全國(guó)人民的共同努力，一定會(huì)戰(zhàn)勝當(dāng)前的困難，實(shí)現(xiàn)全年目標(biāo)任務(wù)，全面建成小康社會(huì)。中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)保持穩(wěn)定、穩(wěn)住基本盤(pán)，本身就是對(duì)世界的貢獻(xiàn)，會(huì)為世界經(jīng)濟(jì)恢復(fù)增長(zhǎng)、實(shí)現(xiàn)發(fā)展作出積極貢獻(xiàn)。

I am confident that under the strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core and with joint efforts of people across the nation, we will be able to prevail over the current difficulties, fulfill our tasks and goals for the whole year, and complete the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects. Keeping China's economic growth and fundamentals stable will be a contribution to the whole world. And China will remain a positive force driving global economic recovery and growth.

彭博社記者：新冠肺炎疫情仍然是未解之謎，科學(xué)家認(rèn)為找到該問(wèn)題的答案有助于預(yù)防未來(lái)大流行病的發(fā)生。有人呼吁就源頭問(wèn)題開(kāi)展國(guó)際審議。中方對(duì)調(diào)查持何立場(chǎng)？您認(rèn)為這樣的調(diào)查應(yīng)該達(dá)到什么目的？應(yīng)該避免什么問(wèn)題？

Bloomberg News: The origins of COVID-19 are still a mystery. Scientists think if we can find out where it came from, we could prevent future pandemics. There have been calls for an international independent inquiry into the origins. What is China's stance on how such an inquiry should be carried out? What should such an inquiry do and what should it not do?

李克強(qiáng)：中國(guó)和許多國(guó)家都主張對(duì)病毒進(jìn)行溯源。前不久召開(kāi)的世衛(wèi)大會(huì)通過(guò)了有關(guān)決議，中國(guó)也參與了。因?yàn)榭茖W(xué)溯源可以更好地防控疫情，也是為了世界各國(guó)人民的生命健康。

Premier Li: China and many countries believe that it is important to get a clear idea about the sources of the coronavirus. At the recently held World Health Assembly, a resolution was adopted, and China is one of the co-sponsors of this resolution. We believe that getting clear about the sources of the virus on the basis of science will help us better carry out containment of COVID-19, and also contribute to protecting life and health of people around the world.

這次疫情突如其來(lái)，對(duì)人類(lèi)來(lái)說(shuō)是個(gè)全新的傳染病，到現(xiàn)在可以說(shuō)還是未知大于已知。病毒是沒(méi)有國(guó)界的，它是全世界、全人類(lèi)的敵人。各國(guó)都在進(jìn)行防控，在探索中前進(jìn)，目前還沒(méi)有完整的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。我們要控制住疫情的發(fā)展，加快疫苗、有效藥物、檢測(cè)試劑研發(fā)突破，這將是人類(lèi)戰(zhàn)勝這個(gè)病毒的強(qiáng)有力武器。中國(guó)和許多國(guó)家都在進(jìn)行投入，我們也愿意開(kāi)展國(guó)際合作。這些產(chǎn)品是全球公共產(chǎn)品，我們?cè)敢夤蚕?，最終讓人類(lèi)能夠共同戰(zhàn)勝病毒這個(gè)敵人。

The novel coronavirus disease has caught all countries by surprise. It is a completely new disease to humankind. So far, I'm afraid there is still more to the virus that we do not yet know. Viruses respect no borders, and they are the common enemy of the whole world and entire humanity. Nowadays, all countries are still working hard to contain the spread of the virus, and we are gaining experience along the way. We must work together to keep the virus in check. Research efforts need to be intensified for breakthroughs in vaccines, effective medicines and testing reagents, as they will be powerful weapons to help us succeed in checking the virus. China and many other countries are making investments into R&D of these products, and we are open to international cooperation. The deliverables of the R&D will be global public goods that we are ready to share with others. They will help the entire humankind in defeating the virus.

中國(guó)人民經(jīng)過(guò)艱苦卓絕努力，現(xiàn)在有效控制了疫情，同時(shí)積極參與國(guó)際合作，公開(kāi)透明負(fù)責(zé)任地及時(shí)向國(guó)際社會(huì)通報(bào)有關(guān)信息。但現(xiàn)在疫情還在全球流行，在中國(guó)也未結(jié)束，還有散發(fā)病例，不少科學(xué)家都強(qiáng)調(diào)，還是要保持警惕，防止反彈。我們將繼續(xù)堅(jiān)持實(shí)事求是、公開(kāi)透明的原則，一旦發(fā)現(xiàn)疫情，堅(jiān)決予以管控，不允許有任何隱瞞，而且要進(jìn)行科學(xué)防治。

With painstaking efforts, the Chinese people have successfully brought the spread of the virus under control. And China has taken an active part in international cooperation against the virus. We have all along acted with openness, transparency and a sense of responsibility. We have shared information in a timely way with the rest of the international community. The virus is still spreading around the world. And in China it has not come to a complete end yet; there are still sporadic cases. Scientists have cautioned us to stay on high alert to prevent a resurgence of infections. We must continue to adopt a factual, science-based, open and transparent approach in dealing with COVID-19. Any infection, once detected, must be promptly handled, and no cover-up will ever be allowed.

現(xiàn)在很多人都說(shuō)疫情可能短期不會(huì)結(jié)束，還會(huì)延續(xù)一段時(shí)間。實(shí)際上國(guó)際社會(huì)已經(jīng)面臨雙重挑戰(zhàn)、要做兩張答卷：一方面要控制住疫情；一方面要恢復(fù)經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展，恢復(fù)正常秩序。這兩者是有矛盾的，如果只是做一個(gè)方面的事就不一樣了。我們現(xiàn)在需要在矛盾中平衡、探索中前行，尤其需要國(guó)際合作。無(wú)論是抗擊疫情，還是發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì)，都需要我們同舟共濟(jì)，使人類(lèi)能夠越過(guò)這場(chǎng)巨浪的沖擊。

Many people say that COVID-19 will not come to a stop any time soon and we may have to live with it for quite some time to come. All countries now are confronted with dual challenges. It's like doing double exams. We have to contain the spread of the virus, and at the same time do our best to get life and work back to normal. I'm afraid there is a certain level of trade-off between these two goals. Things would be quite different if we had only one task. So we will have to do our utmost to strike a delicate balance and continue to explore our way forward. In this process, international cooperation is vitally important. Whether it's fighting the virus or growing the economy, we must come together in a sense of partnership to eventually fight back the onslaught of the epidemic.

中央廣播電視總臺(tái)央視記者：您在政府工作報(bào)告中闡述了今年中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)政策。政府會(huì)采取哪些措施保證這些資金真正地惠及企業(yè)、避免空轉(zhuǎn)，能讓普通老百姓切切實(shí)實(shí)地感受到？

CCTV: In the Government Work Report, this year's economic polices have been spelled out. What will the government do to ensure that all these funds will be truly delivered to benefit companies, instead of just circulating within the financial sector, and bring real gains to the general public?

李克強(qiáng)：這是一次前所未有的沖擊，我們不可能輕車(chē)走熟路，只能是大車(chē)行難路。所以我們?cè)谡呱弦⒅貏?chuàng)新。我剛才講了，我們推出的規(guī)模性政策叫作紓困和激發(fā)市場(chǎng)活力，注重的是穩(wěn)就業(yè)、保民生，主要不是依賴(lài)上基建項(xiàng)目。因?yàn)楝F(xiàn)在中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)發(fā)生很大變化，消費(fèi)在經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)中起主要拉動(dòng)作用，而且中小微企業(yè)在吸納就業(yè)中占90%以上。我們這次所采取的規(guī)模性政策，用了70%左右的資金直接或比較直接地去支撐居民收入，這樣做可以促進(jìn)消費(fèi)、帶動(dòng)市場(chǎng)。而且因?yàn)橐咔椋覀兠媾R一個(gè)很大的難題，就是疫情防控措施會(huì)抑制消費(fèi)。我們按這樣的方向推動(dòng)政策實(shí)施，也是市場(chǎng)化的改革。

Premier Li: In coping with the current round of unprecedented shocks, we don't have ready experience to draw from. It's not something we can manage with ease, and we will have to blaze a trail with hard efforts. We must be creative in crafting and delivering our policies. As I said just now, our policies, which are of a sizable scale, are designed to provide vital relief to businesses and revitalize the market, with particular focus on stabilizing employment and ensuring people's livelihood. They are not focused on large infrastructure projects. This is because big changes have taken place in China's economic structure, where consumption is now the primary engine driving growth, and micro, small and medium-sized companies now provide over 90 percent of all jobs in China. So under the sizable-scale policies introduced this time, some 70 percent of the funds will be used to support the increase in people's income through direct or relatively direct means in order to spur consumption and energize the market. One big challenge we have confronted in coping with COVID-19 is that containment efforts have had a dampening effect on consumption. Hence, measures in this direction are also part of our market-oriented reform.

其次，我們強(qiáng)調(diào)政策資金要直達(dá)基層、直達(dá)企業(yè)、直達(dá)民生。新增的赤字和抗疫特別國(guó)債資金全部轉(zhuǎn)給地方，省里也只是“過(guò)路財(cái)神”，要直達(dá)基層?？赡苡腥藭?huì)問(wèn)，那基層就能把這筆錢(qián)用好嗎？我們要采取一個(gè)特殊的轉(zhuǎn)移支付機(jī)制，這些錢(qián)要全部落到企業(yè)特別是中小微企業(yè)，落到社保、低保、失業(yè)、養(yǎng)老和特困人員身上。要建立實(shí)名制，這些都是有賬可查的，決不允許做假賬，也決不允許偷梁換柱。我們會(huì)瞪大眼睛盯著，也歡迎社會(huì)監(jiān)督。我們采取措施的最終效果要讓市場(chǎng)主體和人民群眾認(rèn)可。中央政府這次帶頭過(guò)緊日子，我們把中央部門(mén)的非急需非剛性支出壓縮了一半以上，調(diào)出資金用于基層、企業(yè)和民生。各級(jí)政府都要過(guò)緊日子，決不允許搞形式主義，干那些大手大腳花錢(qián)的事。

Second, the funds made available will all be used to support primary-level governments and businesses, and ensure people's livelihood. The increase of budget deficits and funds raised from the issuance of government bonds for COVID-19 control will all be channeled to primary-level governments. Even provincial governments will be just passers-by to these funds. Some people may ask whether primary-level governments can ensure all the funds will be put to best use. In this respect, a special transfer payment mechanism will be established to see that companies, especially smaller firms, will truly benefit from these funds, and people who live on social security schemes, subsistence allowance, unemployment benefits, old-age support and those living in difficulties will be able to benefit. Real-name records will be established, and no cooking of books or embezzlement will ever be allowed. We will keep our eyes wide open and welcome public supervision. Eventually, the delivery of these measures will have to be recognized by businesses and our people.

The Central Government will lead by example in living on a tight budget. We will cut over 50 percent of outlays on non-essential, non-obligatory expenditures at the central government level, and the money saved will be mainly used to support primary-level governments, enterprises and people's basic living needs. Governments at all levels must tighten their belts, and reject pointless formalities and spending splurges.

剛才我比較多地講了擴(kuò)大消費(fèi)，但并不是說(shuō)不要投資，我們還要擴(kuò)大有效投資。這次新增地方政府專(zhuān)項(xiàng)債券1.6萬(wàn)億元，再加上一些國(guó)債，有2萬(wàn)億元的規(guī)模，這在規(guī)模性政策當(dāng)中占到百分之二三十。我們投資的重點(diǎn)是“兩新一重”，就是新型基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施、新型城鎮(zhèn)化和涉及國(guó)計(jì)民生的重大項(xiàng)目，而且要用改革的辦法，用這些資金來(lái)撬動(dòng)社會(huì)資金的投入。項(xiàng)目要有效益、有回報(bào)，要經(jīng)過(guò)科學(xué)論證、按規(guī)律辦事、不留后遺癥。

Just now, I talked more about boosting consumption. That doesn't mean investment is not important. We will also expand effective investment. There will be an increase of 1.6 trillion RMB yuan of special local government bonds this year, and some treasury bonds as well, with the total amount topping 2 trillion RMB yuan. They account for between 20 and 30 percent of the funds made available under the sizable-scale policies we introduced this year. The focus of the funds will be on new infrastructures and new-type urbanization and key projects for national development. We will rely on reforms in undertaking these programs and mobilize private sector investment. And the projects supported must generate good returns, and be well-calibrated and delivered according to economic laws to avoid undesirable results.

中國(guó)時(shí)報(bào)記者：今年兩會(huì)因?yàn)橐咔檠拥?月舉行，這個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)剛好跟“5·20”非常接近。在民進(jìn)黨繼續(xù)執(zhí)政的情況下，未來(lái)大陸對(duì)臺(tái)政策的總體考量是什么？未來(lái)將如何繼續(xù)推進(jìn)兩岸關(guān)系發(fā)展？

China Times: Because of COVID-19, the Two Sessions this year have been postponed to May, which is quite close to the date of 20 May. As the DPP continues to govern in Taiwan, what is the overall consideration of the mainland concerning its policy toward Taiwan? And what will the mainland do to promote relations across the Taiwan Strait?

李克強(qiáng)：我在政府工作報(bào)告中已經(jīng)說(shuō)了，我們對(duì)臺(tái)的大政方針是一貫的，也是世人共知的。要堅(jiān)持一個(gè)中國(guó)原則、堅(jiān)持“九二共識(shí)”、堅(jiān)決反對(duì)“臺(tái)獨(dú)”。在這個(gè)政治基礎(chǔ)上，我們?cè)竿_(tái)灣各黨派、團(tuán)體和人士就兩岸關(guān)系和民族未來(lái)對(duì)話協(xié)商，推動(dòng)兩岸和平發(fā)展，我們?cè)敢宰畲笳\(chéng)意，盡最大努力促進(jìn)祖國(guó)和平統(tǒng)一。臺(tái)灣問(wèn)題是中國(guó)的內(nèi)政，我們從來(lái)都反對(duì)外來(lái)干涉。中華民族有智慧、有能力解決好自己的事。

Premier Li: As I said in the Government Work Report, our principles and policies toward Taiwan have been consistent and well-known to the international community. We will stay committed to the one-China principle and the 1992 Consensus. We will continue to firmly oppose "Taiwan independence". Based on this political foundation, we are ready to have dialogue and consultation with any party, group or personage in Taiwan regarding cross-Strait relations and the future of the Chinese nation, and promote peaceful growth of cross-Strait relations. We will continue to show maximum sincerity and do our very utmost to promote peaceful reunification of China. The Taiwan question is China's internal affair. And we have all along opposed external interference. The Chinese nation has the wisdom and the ability to handle its own affairs.

我們視臺(tái)灣同胞為手足，血濃于水，始終高度重視臺(tái)灣同胞的福祉。就像這次疫情發(fā)生后，大家共同努力，沒(méi)有臺(tái)灣同胞在大陸因感染新冠肺炎失去生命。面對(duì)疫情，我們祈福兩岸同胞都平安健康。

We view our fellow compatriots in Taiwan as brothers and sisters. Blood is thicker than water. We will continue to pay high attention to their well-being. Thanks to our joint efforts, there has been no loss of life to COVID-19 among Taiwan compatriots working and living on the mainland. In the face of the epidemic, we wish people on both sides of the Taiwan Strait safety and good health.

中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)記者：今年您在政府工作報(bào)告中調(diào)低了城鎮(zhèn)新增就業(yè)目標(biāo)，調(diào)高了城鎮(zhèn)調(diào)查失業(yè)率。面對(duì)嚴(yán)峻的就業(yè)形勢(shì)，政府將如何遏制失業(yè)潮？如何幫助大學(xué)生和農(nóng)民工找到工作？

China Daily: In this year's Government Work Report, the target of new urban jobs has been revised downward, and the target of surveyed urban unemployment rate upward, compared with the levels last year. In the face of the severe employment situation, what will the government do to avert massive job losses and help college graduates and rural migrant workers find jobs?

李克強(qiáng)：今年我們確定城鎮(zhèn)新增就業(yè)900萬(wàn)人以上，的確比去年低，實(shí)現(xiàn)這個(gè)目標(biāo)要有一定的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)作支撐。我們把城鎮(zhèn)調(diào)查失業(yè)率定為6%左右，今年4月份城鎮(zhèn)調(diào)查失業(yè)率已經(jīng)是6%了，我們這樣做也是實(shí)事求是。

Premier Li: We have set this year's target of new urban jobs at over 9 million, somewhat below last year's level. To attain this goal, we need to maintain a certain level of economic growth. The urban surveyed unemployment rate target is set at around 6 percent. In fact, in April, that figure already hit 6 percent, so such a target was set on the basis of the situation on the ground.

就業(yè)是最大的民生，對(duì)于一個(gè)家庭來(lái)說(shuō)是天大的事情。這幾天我看中國(guó)政府網(wǎng)上的留言，大概三分之一都是談就業(yè)的。其中有一位農(nóng)民工說(shuō)他50多歲了，在外打工30多年，每年如此，但今年還沒(méi)有找到工作，全家都陷入困境。還有一些個(gè)體工商戶，已經(jīng)歇業(yè)幾個(gè)月了。一些外貿(mào)企業(yè)現(xiàn)在沒(méi)有訂單，影響員工就業(yè)。對(duì)他們的困難，我們要給予救助，但是從根本上說(shuō)，還是要幫助他們就業(yè)。中國(guó)有9億勞動(dòng)力，沒(méi)有就業(yè)，就只是9億張吃飯的口；有了就業(yè)，就是9億雙可以創(chuàng)造巨大財(cái)富的手。

Employment matters the most in people's lives. It is something of paramount importance for all families. Of all the comments posted by netizens on the Chinese government portal website, some one third are about jobs. One of them was posted by a rural migrant worker in his 50s. He said that over the past 30 plus years, he had been working in cities every year. But so far this year he has been unable to find a job and the whole family is now in difficulty. Many self-employed individuals have seen their businesses grinding to a halt for several months. And some export companies have also been in great difficulty for lack of orders. This is affecting the jobs of their employees. We must provide support to all these people. But most importantly, we must help them land jobs. There is a labor force of 900 million in China. If they are out of work, there will be 900 million mouths to feed; if they are all put to work, 900 million pairs of hands will be able to generate tremendous wealth.

為了穩(wěn)住現(xiàn)有就業(yè)崗位，可以說(shuō)政策是能用盡用，投入的錢(qián)也是最多的。我們規(guī)模性政策的資金，允許基層用于減稅降費(fèi)，而且允許用于為企業(yè)減房租、貼利息。采取這樣的措施就是要把企業(yè)穩(wěn)下來(lái)，崗位保得住，而且要公平合理。我們還要采取資助企業(yè)以訓(xùn)穩(wěn)崗的政策，今明兩年將有3500萬(wàn)人次通過(guò)失業(yè)保險(xiǎn)結(jié)存資金來(lái)進(jìn)行崗位培訓(xùn)，給他們緩沖的機(jī)會(huì)。即便失業(yè)了，也要努力讓他們短時(shí)期內(nèi)有再就業(yè)的機(jī)會(huì)。

In order to retain existing jobs, all our pro-job measures will be fully employed with the largest input of funds. Such sizable policy funds can be used by primary-level governments to implement tax and fee cuts, and subsidize rents or interest payment in support of companies. So all these measures are designed to keep companies in business and secure the jobs of their employees and they will be implemented in a fair and reasonable way. We will also finance skills training initiatives by businesses to stabilize employment. This year and the next, we will tap into the balance of the unemployment insurance fund to provide some 35 million vocational skills training opportunities. This will cushion the impact of unemployment, and we will help people who lose their jobs get reemployed as soon as possible.

同時(shí)還要?jiǎng)?chuàng)造更多新的就業(yè)崗位。現(xiàn)在新業(yè)態(tài)蓬勃發(fā)展，大概有1億人就業(yè)。我們的零工經(jīng)濟(jì)也有2億人就業(yè)。不僅要采取更多扶持政策，而且要打破那些不合理的條條框框，讓更多新就業(yè)崗位成長(zhǎng)起來(lái)。去年我們平均每天凈增企業(yè)超過(guò)1萬(wàn)戶，今年也要按這個(gè)目標(biāo)去努力。

We also need to do our best to create new jobs. Nowadays, some 100 million people are employed in new forms of business and industry, and some 200 million people are working in the gig economy. The government must continue to provide support and at the same time lift all unwarranted restrictions that prevent the development of those industries and sectors. We also need to create a favorable environment for the increase of new job opportunities. Last year, more than 10,000 new businesses were created on an average day, and we will continue to work hard to see that the figure stays at this level this year.

人民群眾有無(wú)窮創(chuàng)造力。回想改革開(kāi)放之初，大批知青返城，就一個(gè)“大碗茶”解決了多少人的就業(yè)！兩周前，我看到報(bào)道，西部有個(gè)城市，按照當(dāng)?shù)氐囊?guī)范，設(shè)置了3.6萬(wàn)個(gè)流動(dòng)商販的攤位，結(jié)果一夜之間有10萬(wàn)人就業(yè)。中國(guó)人民是勤勞的，中國(guó)的市場(chǎng)也在不斷開(kāi)拓和升級(jí)。當(dāng)然，對(duì)重點(diǎn)人群就業(yè)，我們有重點(diǎn)扶持政策。今年大學(xué)畢業(yè)生創(chuàng)新高，達(dá)到874萬(wàn)人，要讓他們成為“不斷線的風(fēng)箏”，今明兩年都要持續(xù)提供就業(yè)服務(wù)。對(duì)農(nóng)民工，不論是在常住地還是返鄉(xiāng)，都要給他們提供就業(yè)服務(wù)平臺(tái)。對(duì)退役軍人，要切實(shí)把安置政策落實(shí)好。

We can certainly rely on the innovation and initiative of the Chinese people in this respect. One may recall when young people returned to the cities from the countryside in large numbers in the early days of reform and opening-up, the opening of roadside tea stands helped to put many of them to work. About two weeks ago, I saw in the news that a city in China's western region, in keeping with local rules and regulations, set up 36,000 mobile stalls, adding some 100,000 new jobs overnight.

Our people are hardworking and the Chinese market keeps expanding and upgrading. In this process, the government must focus on providing support to key groups in their employment. The number of new college graduates will reach a record high of 8.74 million this year. We must provide employment services to these people, both this year and next, so that they will not be left to their own devices. And for rural migrant workers, no matter whether they are still working in a city or have returned to their hometown, we will put in place employment service platforms to support them in landing jobs. We must also fully implement all the support measures for demobilized military personnel as well.

鳳凰衛(wèi)視記者：這次全國(guó)人大會(huì)議作出了關(guān)于建立健全香港特別行政區(qū)維護(hù)國(guó)家安全的法律制度和執(zhí)行機(jī)制的決定，全國(guó)人大常委會(huì)將就此制定專(zhuān)門(mén)的法律。這是否表明中央調(diào)整了對(duì)香港的政策，是否放棄了“一國(guó)兩制”？對(duì)于當(dāng)下各方的反應(yīng)您如何看待？

Phoenix TV: At this year's NPC Session, a decision was adopted on establishing and improving the legal system and enforcement mechanisms for safeguarding national security in the Hong Kong SAR. The Standing Committee of the NPC will also set in motion a legislative process in this respect. Does this mean that the Central Government has adjusted its policy toward Hong Kong and abandoned "one country, two systems"? How do you respond to the various comments in this respect?

李克強(qiáng)：“一國(guó)兩制”是國(guó)家的基本國(guó)策，中央政府始終強(qiáng)調(diào)要全面準(zhǔn)確貫徹“一國(guó)兩制”、“港人治港”、高度自治方針，嚴(yán)格按照憲法和基本法辦事，支持特區(qū)政府和行政長(zhǎng)官依法施政，這是一貫的。你提到全國(guó)人大剛通過(guò)的有關(guān)維護(hù)國(guó)家安全的決定，是為了確?！耙粐?guó)兩制”行穩(wěn)致遠(yuǎn)，維護(hù)香港長(zhǎng)期繁榮穩(wěn)定。

Premier Li: "One country, two systems" is China's basic state policy. The Central Government has all along fully and faithfully implemented the "one country, two systems" under which the people of Hong Kong administer Hong Kong with a high degree of autonomy, acted in strict accordance with the Constitution and the Basic Law, and supported the Hong Kong SAR government and the Chief Executive in exercising administration according to law. The decision adopted at the NPC Session to safeguard national security is designed for the steady implementation of "one country, two systems" and for Hong Kong's long-term prosperity and stability.

美國(guó)全國(guó)廣播公司記者：美國(guó)繼續(xù)將新冠肺炎疫情全球大流行歸咎中國(guó)，出現(xiàn)了更多關(guān)于中美之間“新冷戰(zhàn)”的說(shuō)法。與此同時(shí)，美中雙方官員還在討論如何為落實(shí)兩國(guó)之間第一階段經(jīng)貿(mào)協(xié)議創(chuàng)造有利條件，推動(dòng)中美關(guān)系穩(wěn)定發(fā)展。考慮到中國(guó)自身經(jīng)濟(jì)遇到的困難，您是否認(rèn)為中國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)改革和讓步足以解決美方關(guān)切呢？如果合作努力失敗，中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)能否抵御“新冷戰(zhàn)”和“脫鉤”的威脅？

NBC News: The United States continues to blame China for the global pandemic. There's more and more talk of a cold war between the US and China. At the same time, Chinese and American officials talk of creating favorable conditions for the phase one trade deal that could help stabilize the relationship. Are you still confident that more economic reforms and concessions of China can adequately address America's concerns, given that China's economy has been weakened? Or if the efforts for cooperation fail, can China's economy withstand the threat of a "cold war" and "decoupling"?

李克強(qiáng)：當(dāng)前中美關(guān)系的確出現(xiàn)一些新問(wèn)題、新挑戰(zhàn)。中美關(guān)系很重要，兩國(guó)都是聯(lián)合國(guó)安理會(huì)常任理事國(guó)，在應(yīng)對(duì)傳統(tǒng)和非傳統(tǒng)挑戰(zhàn)方面都有很多可以、而且應(yīng)當(dāng)合作的地方，在經(jīng)貿(mào)、科技、人文方面也有廣泛的交流，兩國(guó)之間存在著廣泛的共同利益。中美兩國(guó)合則兩利、斗則俱傷，不僅關(guān)系兩國(guó)人民的利益，而且關(guān)系到世界，所以一些問(wèn)題發(fā)生后引起世界的擔(dān)憂。至于你說(shuō)到“新冷戰(zhàn)”，我們從來(lái)都主張摒棄“冷戰(zhàn)”思維。所謂“脫鉤”，可以說(shuō)兩個(gè)主要經(jīng)濟(jì)體“脫鉤”，對(duì)誰(shuí)都沒(méi)有好處，也會(huì)傷害世界。我們應(yīng)該按照兩國(guó)元首達(dá)成的重要共識(shí)，推動(dòng)建立以協(xié)調(diào)、合作、穩(wěn)定為基調(diào)的中美關(guān)系。

Premier Li: It is true that at the moment, China-US relations have encountered some new problems and challenges. This is a very important bilateral relationship. Both countries are permanent members of the UN Security Council. There are many areas where the two countries can and should work with each other in tackling both traditional and non-traditional challenges. There are also extensive exchanges between the two countries in the economic, trade, scientific, technological, cultural and other fields. So it is fair to say that there is extensive common interest between China and the United States. Both countries stand to gain from cooperation and lose from confrontation. Getting Sino-US relationship right is in the interest of people of both countries and the whole world. Given the importance of this relationship, the problems that occurred in this relationship have been a cause for concern for the international community. As for a cold war, you know that we have all along rejected the "cold war" mentality. And "decoupling" between major economies will do neither side any good. It is also harmful to the world. I believe we should continue to work together to follow through on the important consensus reached between our two presidents and work jointly to foster a Sino-US relationship based on coordination, cooperation and stability.

中美兩國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)你中有我、我中有你，一路走來(lái)很不容易，雙方都從中獲益。這使我想起，就在幾天前，一家美國(guó)高科技公司宣布在中國(guó)武漢的投資項(xiàng)目開(kāi)工。我不是做商業(yè)廣告，但是我對(duì)他們的行為是贊賞的，所以發(fā)了賀信。這個(gè)例子表明，中美商貿(mào)界是互有需要的，是可以實(shí)現(xiàn)合作共贏的。

The economies of our two countries have become closely interconnected. Our economic and trade ties have come a long way, and both sides have benefited tremendously. Just a few days ago, an American high-tech firm announced the launch of an investment project in Wuhan. I shouldn't do any commercial promotion for any company, but I highly appreciate this move and sent my message of congratulations to mark the occasion. I believe this example shows that the business communities of our two countries need each other, and our business cooperation can be of mutual benefit.

中美之間的商貿(mào)合作應(yīng)該遵循商業(yè)規(guī)則，由市場(chǎng)來(lái)選擇，由企業(yè)家判斷、拍板，政府起搭平臺(tái)的作用。中美兩國(guó)，一個(gè)是世界上最大的發(fā)展中國(guó)家，一個(gè)是世界上最大的發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家，有不同的社會(huì)制度、文化傳統(tǒng)、歷史背景，存在矛盾、分歧不可避免，問(wèn)題在于怎樣對(duì)待。中美關(guān)系幾十年來(lái)風(fēng)風(fēng)雨雨，一方面合作前行，一方面磕磕絆絆，的確很復(fù)雜，這需要用智慧去擴(kuò)大共同利益，管控分歧和矛盾?？傊?，要相互尊重，平等互利，尊重對(duì)方的核心利益和重大關(guān)切，尋求合作共贏。這于己、于人、于世界都有利。

I believe the economic cooperation and trade between our two countries should follow commercial principles. We should leave the decisions to the market and to the business leaders. The job of the government is to establish platforms for the business communities of the two countries. China and the United States are the world's largest developing and developed countries respectively. Given the differences in our social systems, cultural heritage and historical backgrounds, some disagreements and even frictions may be unavoidable. What's important is how we manage them. The relationship has been moving forward amid twists and turns in the past several decades, featuring both growing cooperation and some bumps along the way. Indeed, this is a complex relationship. We must use our wisdom to expand common interests and manage differences and disagreements. In a word, I believe that the two countries should develop a relationship on the basis of mutual respect, equality and mutual benefit, respect each other's core interests and major concerns, and embrace cooperation. That will be conducive to the interests of both countries and the world.

新華社記者：講到今年的經(jīng)濟(jì)工作，我們聽(tīng)到頻率最高的詞就是“穩(wěn)”和“?！?。請(qǐng)問(wèn)總理，這和市場(chǎng)化改革之間是什么關(guān)系？政府在這方面的重點(diǎn)是什么？

Xinhua News Agency: When we talk about the economic work agenda for the Chinese government this year, the words we have heard most frequently are stability and protections. What are their relations with market-oriented reforms? What will be the priorities of reform this year?

李克強(qiáng)：中國(guó)改革開(kāi)放40多年的經(jīng)驗(yàn)表明，越是困難越要堅(jiān)持改革。我們宏觀政策提出的“穩(wěn)”和“?！?，是通過(guò)市場(chǎng)主體去支撐的，而且是奔著市場(chǎng)主體的困難和關(guān)切去做的，這本身就是市場(chǎng)化改革的做法。

Premier Li: Our experience in the past 40-plus years of reform and opening-up shows that the greater difficulty we face, the more important it is for us to keep to reform. In our macro policies, we outlined sets of priority areas where stability is key and where protections are needed. Our measures are designed to help those vast numbers of market entities and are built around addressing their difficulties and concerns. This in itself is consistent with our market-oriented reform.

我們首先是要讓市場(chǎng)主體活下來(lái)。政策的真金白銀主要是為市場(chǎng)主體紓困，激發(fā)市場(chǎng)活力。真金白銀要確保落到企業(yè)和個(gè)體工商戶身上。這次政府工作報(bào)告說(shuō)，要留得青山，贏得未來(lái)。我們現(xiàn)在有1.2億市場(chǎng)主體，他們就是青山，留住他們，就會(huì)贏得未來(lái)。

First and foremost, we must help all our businesses survive. Our solid measures must serve to provide vital relief to businesses and revitalize the market. Hence, all these measures must deliver real gains to companies and support self-employed individuals. As I said in the Government Work Report, we must do our utmost to help the 120 million market entities in China sustain themselves, and that will help us assure success for the future.

不僅要讓市場(chǎng)主體活下去，更重要的是通過(guò)“放管服”改革把他們激活起來(lái)。要打造市場(chǎng)化、法治化、國(guó)際化的營(yíng)商環(huán)境，打掉那些不合理的條條框框，讓他們公平競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。這種措施看似無(wú)形，但能創(chuàng)造出有形的財(cái)富，干好了，不亞于真金白銀的投入。

At the same time we must work hard to help our businesses thrive by pressing ahead with reform of government functions. We will continue to foster a market-oriented and world-class business environment governed by a sound legal framework. The government must lift all unnecessary restrictions on market entities to facilitate fair competition. Such policies and measures, intangible as they are, will create tangible wealth in our businesses just like real investments.

再有，就是要讓新的市場(chǎng)主體更多地長(zhǎng)出來(lái)。大家都知道，這次應(yīng)對(duì)疫情中，像網(wǎng)購(gòu)、快遞、云辦公等等一些新業(yè)態(tài)是逆勢(shì)增長(zhǎng)，有的營(yíng)業(yè)收入增長(zhǎng)了三分之二，而且現(xiàn)在新業(yè)態(tài)還層出不窮。這和我們這些年來(lái)深化供給側(cè)結(jié)構(gòu)性改革，推動(dòng)高質(zhì)量發(fā)展，培育壯大新動(dòng)能，開(kāi)展大眾創(chuàng)業(yè)、萬(wàn)眾創(chuàng)新都有關(guān)。我們應(yīng)該把這些經(jīng)驗(yàn)推廣開(kāi)，促使新動(dòng)能、新的市場(chǎng)主體更多地成長(zhǎng)。今年我們要努力做到平均每日新注冊(cè)企業(yè)2萬(wàn)戶左右，這是觀察中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)活力的一個(gè)重要指標(biāo)。

Furthermore, we must work hard to help more new market entities emerge. We have seen a trend-bucking surge of growth in new forms of business and industry during the COVID-19 response, including online shopping, express delivery services, and teleworking. Some new forms of business have even seen their revenues increase by two thirds. I believe such developments are very much attributable to our initiatives and reforms in recent years, including the supply-side structural reform, our efforts to promote high-quality development and foster new drivers of growth, and our initiative of encouraging business start-ups and innovation. We must use the experience gained in this process to the fullest extent to foster more growth drivers and help more market entities grow. This year, our goal is to see that the number of newly registered businesses stay at about 20,000 on an average day. And that figure has become an important indicator gauging the economic vitality of China.

我們重視中小微企業(yè)，并不是不重視大企業(yè)，還是希望大中小企業(yè)共生共榮，而且期待一些中小微企業(yè)將來(lái)會(huì)成長(zhǎng)為大企業(yè)，形成一個(gè)相互融通發(fā)展的局面。今年我們不僅要看紓困政策用得怎么樣，還要看營(yíng)商環(huán)境的改善是否明顯，這樣可以產(chǎn)生乘數(shù)效應(yīng)。

We pay close attention to these smaller firms, but we also highly value the role of big companies. We hope that companies of all sizes will be able to thrive together through close cooperation and collaboration. We also expect that more smaller firms will one day grow into large companies. This year,we must ensure full delivery of all these relief and support measures, and at the same time work for notable improvement in China's business environment. These measures, when combined, will produce multiplying effects.

日本朝日新聞?dòng)浾撸菏澜缃?jīng)濟(jì)因?yàn)樾鹿诜窝滓咔榈穆诱谠馐車(chē)?yán)重打擊，中國(guó)已控制住疫情，今后是否有同包括日本在內(nèi)的周邊各國(guó)開(kāi)展經(jīng)濟(jì)合作的計(jì)劃？中國(guó)今后在中日韓自貿(mào)協(xié)定和自由貿(mào)易體系建立方面計(jì)劃如何推進(jìn)？中國(guó)打算參加跨太平洋伙伴關(guān)系協(xié)定（TPP）嗎？

Asahi Shimbun: COVID-19 has taken a big hit on the global economy. But China has been successful in bringing the spread of the virus under control. What does China plan to do to advance economic cooperation with Japan and other neighboring countries? What is China's plan for advancing the FTA among China, Japan and the Republic of Korea, the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) and other free trade arrangements? Does China have a plan to join the TPP?

李克強(qiáng)：在去年?yáng)|亞合作領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人系列會(huì)議上，十五國(guó)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人共同作出承諾，今年要如期簽署區(qū)域全面經(jīng)濟(jì)伙伴關(guān)系協(xié)定，我希望并相信這個(gè)承諾不會(huì)落空。我們也在積極推進(jìn)中日韓自貿(mào)區(qū)建設(shè)。中日韓都是近鄰，我們?cè)敢庠诮?jīng)濟(jì)大循環(huán)中建立中日韓經(jīng)濟(jì)小循環(huán)。比如說(shuō)最近中國(guó)和韓國(guó)就開(kāi)辟了快捷通道，讓商務(wù)、技術(shù)等人員能夠順利往來(lái)，這有利于復(fù)工復(fù)產(chǎn)，可以說(shuō)是近水樓臺(tái)先得月。

Premier Li: I recall that last year at the leaders' meeting of East Asian cooperation, leaders of 15 countries made the commitment of signing the RCEP by the end of this year. I hope and believe that this commitment will not come to nothing. China, Japan and the ROK are also working closely together to advance their FTA development. The three countries are close neighbors, and we would like to work with the other two countries to develop a mini economic cycle within the bigger economic cycle. For example, recently China and the ROK have opened a fast-track service for personnel inter-flows in areas such as commerce and technology. We believe this will benefit the resumption of economic activities, and our geographical proximity has put us in a good position to benefit from this earlier.

至于剛才你提到TPP，我理解，可能指的是全面與進(jìn)步跨太平洋伙伴關(guān)系協(xié)定（CPTPP）。對(duì)于參加CPTPP，中方持積極開(kāi)放態(tài)度。

As for your question about TPP, I suppose what you mean is the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership (CPTPP). China has a positive and open attitude toward joining the CPTPP.

人民日?qǐng)?bào)社記者：今年是脫貧攻堅(jiān)的決勝之年，但是受疫情影響很多家庭收入都有所下降，甚至一些人還面臨著返貧。在這種情況下今年脫貧攻堅(jiān)任務(wù)還能順利完成嗎？政府將如何保障基本的民生？

People's Daily: This year, China plans to win its battle against poverty. But because of COVID-19, many families have seen a decline in their household income. And some are even at the risk of falling back into poverty. So are we able to fulfill the task of winning the battle against poverty this year? And what will the government do to meet people's essential needs?

李克強(qiáng)：中國(guó)是一個(gè)人口眾多的發(fā)展中國(guó)家，我們?nèi)司昕芍涫杖胧?萬(wàn)元人民幣，但是有6億中低收入及以下人群，他們平均每個(gè)月的收入也就1000元左右，1000元在一個(gè)中等城市可能租房都困難，現(xiàn)在又碰到疫情。疫情過(guò)后，民生為要。怎么樣保障困難群眾和受疫情影響的新的困難群眾的基本民生，我們應(yīng)該把這項(xiàng)工作放在極為重要的位置。我們采取的紓困政策，有相當(dāng)一部分就是用于保障基本民生的。

Premier Li: Our country is a developing country with a big population. The per capita annual disposable income in China is 30,000 RMB yuan. But there are still some 600 million people earning a medium or low income, or even less. Their monthly income is barely 1,000 RMB yuan. It's not even enough to rent a room in a medium Chinese city. And because of COVID-19, many families have encountered difficulties. So it is a very high priority on the government's work agenda to meet the essential needs of vulnerable groups and those families who have encountered new difficulties because of COVID-19. This is a very important part of the government's work agenda. And a fairly big part of our support policies are designed for this very purpose.

今年要如期完成脫貧攻堅(jiān)任務(wù)，這是以習(xí)近平同志為核心的黨中央向全社會(huì)作出的莊嚴(yán)承諾。按原本的賬還有500多萬(wàn)貧困人口，受這次疫情沖擊，可能會(huì)有一些人返貧，脫貧的任務(wù)更重了。我們會(huì)多策并舉，特別是要采取措施把脫貧的底線兜住，我們有把握完成今年決勝脫貧攻堅(jiān)的任務(wù)。

This year, we are determined to end poverty as scheduled. This is a serious commitment made by the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core to the whole of Chinese society. Before COVID-19 struck, there were some 5 million people living below the poverty line. But because of the disease, some may have fallen back into poverty. Hence we now face a greater task in meeting our goal. But with our multi-pronged policies and measures to ensure the essential needs of our people, we have the confidence to win the battle against poverty this year.

各級(jí)政府都要以人民利益為上，以萬(wàn)家疾苦為重。每出一策，都要考慮是否有利于千家萬(wàn)戶、有利于民生。今年我們?cè)趹?yīng)對(duì)疫情沖擊過(guò)程中，要特別認(rèn)真細(xì)致地考慮把各方面困難人群保障起來(lái)，擴(kuò)大低保和失業(yè)保障的范圍?，F(xiàn)在低保、失業(yè)保障、特困救助等人員大概一年6000萬(wàn)人左右，我們預(yù)計(jì)今年人數(shù)會(huì)增加較多。保障和救助資金是足夠的，把他們保障住是有能力的。我們要求一定要把賬算細(xì)，把錢(qián)用到刀刃上，使民生得到切實(shí)保障。全國(guó)還有近3億領(lǐng)養(yǎng)老金的人員，今年我們提高了養(yǎng)老金的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，說(shuō)到就要做到。

Governments at all levels must always put people's interests first and bear in mind the hardships of the Chinese people. In introducing each and every policy, we must make sure that it contributes to the well-being of all families and to the better lives of our people. In responding to COVID-19 this year, we must make thoughtful and meticulous plans to ensure the basic needs of all vulnerable groups. In this respect, we have decided to expand the coverage of subsistence allowance and unemployment benefits. Some 60 million people in China still live on subsistence allowance or receive unemployment benefits, penury assistance, or other relief or support. This year, we are expected to see a big increase in the number of recipients. We have sufficient funds to support these vulnerable groups. We must use the money wisely to ensure that every cent will be well spent. Some 300 million senior Chinese citizens live on old-age pension. We decided to raise the pensions for these retirees this year. We must fully deliver all our commitments.

實(shí)干為要，行勝于言。我們現(xiàn)在的社?；鸾Y(jié)存和儲(chǔ)備足以保證養(yǎng)老金按時(shí)足額發(fā)放，但工作不能出任何紕漏。在這個(gè)事上出紕漏，就會(huì)讓人們對(duì)未來(lái)沒(méi)有信心。中華民族有尊老傳統(tǒng)，我們要讓社會(huì)各方面都感到希望。要統(tǒng)籌把各項(xiàng)保障落實(shí)到位，這也會(huì)有力支撐民心安定，推動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展。民為邦本，本固邦寧。這方面的工作不是一件事，而是多件事，我們都要做好、做到位。相信中國(guó)人民的生活會(huì)更好。

Actions count, and actions always speak louder than words. We have sufficient balance in our social security fund to ensure that pension benefits will be paid on time and in full, and there should be no loopholes in the operation of the fund. This way, we will be able to give our people more hope about their future. More importantly, the Chinese have a tradition of respecting and taking good care of the elderly. We must ensure that all the benefits and support will be duly provided. This will reassure our people and also help us promote China's economic development. As the saying goes, the people is the foundation of a state. When the foundation is strong, the state will be secure. So we must fully deliver on all those policies and measures. And that will make our people more hopeful about their future.

新加坡聯(lián)合早報(bào)記者：您在政府工作報(bào)告中提到，因?yàn)槿蛞咔楹徒?jīng)貿(mào)形勢(shì)不確定性很大，中國(guó)發(fā)展面臨一些難以預(yù)料的影響因素。您對(duì)目前中國(guó)面對(duì)的外部形勢(shì)有怎樣的判斷？中國(guó)將如何應(yīng)對(duì)外部環(huán)境的變化？對(duì)于全球應(yīng)對(duì)公共衛(wèi)生挑戰(zhàn)和經(jīng)濟(jì)嚴(yán)重衰退挑戰(zhàn)，中國(guó)將發(fā)揮什么作用？

Lianhe Zaobao: In the Government Work Report, you said that China will face some factors that are difficult to predict in its development due to the great uncertainty regarding the COVID-19 pandemic and world economic and trade environment. So what is your reading of the external situation China faces? What will China do to cope with the changes in the international environment? And what role will China play in the global responses to the public health challenge and the challenge of serious global recession?

李克強(qiáng)：我們先看一下現(xiàn)在世界的變化。這次新冠肺炎疫情全球大流行，給世界造成了嚴(yán)重沖擊，帶來(lái)了巨大影響?，F(xiàn)在因?yàn)榉揽匾咔椋鲊?guó)之間的交流合作明顯減少，如果再持續(xù)下去，世界經(jīng)濟(jì)會(huì)更加嚴(yán)重衰退，這是危險(xiǎn)的。如果世界經(jīng)濟(jì)不能夠恢復(fù)增長(zhǎng)，可能將來(lái)連疫情都很難防控。在抗擊疫情過(guò)程中特別需要公共產(chǎn)品，需要保持產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈、供應(yīng)鏈穩(wěn)定，更需要開(kāi)放，推進(jìn)貿(mào)易投資自由化與便利化。這樣我們才能共同戰(zhàn)勝疫情給世界帶來(lái)的沖擊，把損失減少到最小。

Premier Li: Let's look at what's happening around us. COVID-19 has impacted our world profoundly. There has been a significant deceleration and decline of exchanges and cooperation between countries because of the containment requirements. Should such a trend continue, the global economy will be pushed into deeper recession and that is something dangerous. And if the world economy cannot resume growth, it may be even challenging to sustain the COVID-19 response. In responding to COVID-19, we need public goods more than ever before; we need to keep the international industrial and supply chains stable. This requires even greater openness and the pursuit of trade liberalization and investment facilitation. With such joint efforts we will be able to prevail over and minimize the effects of COVID-19 on the world.

關(guān)起門(mén)來(lái)搞發(fā)展行不通，那就等于回到了農(nóng)耕時(shí)代。中國(guó)堅(jiān)定不移地推進(jìn)對(duì)外開(kāi)放，這不會(huì)、也不可能改變。我們會(huì)繼續(xù)擴(kuò)大與世界的合作，自主出臺(tái)更多擴(kuò)大開(kāi)放措施。開(kāi)放對(duì)各國(guó)如同空氣對(duì)人一樣，須臾不可離，否則就窒息了。我們?cè)陂_(kāi)放當(dāng)中還要維護(hù)國(guó)際產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈、供應(yīng)鏈穩(wěn)定。當(dāng)然也有人會(huì)說(shuō)，要對(duì)產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈、供應(yīng)鏈進(jìn)行調(diào)整。至于企業(yè)的調(diào)整布局，是按市場(chǎng)規(guī)律辦事，市場(chǎng)規(guī)律本來(lái)就是企業(yè)進(jìn)進(jìn)出出、生生死死。我們不能違背市場(chǎng)規(guī)律，憑空設(shè)計(jì)，而是要讓市場(chǎng)更加相互開(kāi)放。

It is impossible for any country to achieve development with its door closed or retreat back to the agrarian times. China will keep to its opening-up policy. China will not waver in this commitment, nor is it possible for us to shut our door to the outside world. Instead, we will further expand our cooperation with the rest of the world and introduce more opening-up measures on our own initiative.

Openness is as indispensable to a country's development as air is to human beings. One will suffocate in an enclosed space. We, in this process, will work with others to keep global industrial and supply chains stable. Some have made plain their intention to readjust the global industrial and supply chains. We believe the shifts in global production of businesses should be done in accordance with market principles. In the marketplace, it is only natural for companies to come and go, succeed or fail. People should not make arbitrary plans against market rules. Instead, we should open up our markets wider to each other.

堅(jiān)持雙向開(kāi)放，那就要友好相處。第一，我們希望同世界各國(guó)相互尊重、平等相待。國(guó)家不管大小、貧富、強(qiáng)弱，都應(yīng)該遵循這個(gè)規(guī)則。相處規(guī)則如果有不完善之處需要調(diào)整改革，大家一起商量著辦。第二，互利互惠。既然是合作，就要共贏，獨(dú)贏是不會(huì)長(zhǎng)久的，吃獨(dú)食也是行不通的。只有在共贏中大家才能夠共同成長(zhǎng)。再有，就是相互幫助、相互學(xué)習(xí)。各國(guó)都有各自的長(zhǎng)處，都要擔(dān)負(fù)起應(yīng)盡的國(guó)際責(zé)任，攜手應(yīng)對(duì)各種困難和挑戰(zhàn)。中國(guó)作為一個(gè)發(fā)展中大國(guó)，會(huì)擔(dān)負(fù)起我們應(yīng)當(dāng)擔(dān)負(fù)的國(guó)際責(zé)任。

In an environment of mutual openness, we believe it's important for countries to live side by side in amity. We hope that all countries will observe the principles of mutual respect and equality. We believe that all countries should be equals, big or small, rich or poor, strong or weak. And if there are some rules in today's world that need to be improved, we can all sit down and work things out through discussions. We need to pursue mutual benefit in our cooperation. We don't think for any one particular party to take all the benefits will work. Instead, we should pursue win-win. And in this environment we may achieve shared success. Countries should also support, help and learn from each other, as we can make the most of our comparative advantages. We believe all countries should fulfill their due international obligations and work together to tackle common challenges and difficulties. And China, as a large developing country, will surely live up to its share of international responsibilities.

中國(guó)是一個(gè)龐大的市場(chǎng)，我們推進(jìn)的紓困和激發(fā)市場(chǎng)活力的規(guī)模性政策，會(huì)進(jìn)一步擴(kuò)大消費(fèi)市場(chǎng)。希望中國(guó)還是大家看好的投資沃土。我們?cè)敢膺M(jìn)口更多國(guó)外商品，成為面向世界的大市場(chǎng)。

China is a huge market. All these policies of a sizable scale that we have introduced to provide relief to businesses will further spur consumption and energize our market. And we hope that people will stay optimistic about coming to invest in this big market of China. China is also prepared to boost imports from other parts of the world and we will be a big market for the whole world.

至于說(shuō)到怎么應(yīng)對(duì)疫情這場(chǎng)公共衛(wèi)生挑戰(zhàn)，讓世界經(jīng)濟(jì)走出困境，我前面多次說(shuō)了，要同舟共濟(jì)、攜手同行。我希望并相信，各國(guó)人民共同努力，疫情之后會(huì)更開(kāi)放，衰退之后會(huì)有新繁榮。

As for how to respond to the public health crisis and global economic recession, as I have said in my previous remarks, we believe all members of the global community should pull together in a sense of partnership to prevail over the current difficulty. We hope and believe that with joint efforts of people around the world, the post-COVID-19 world will be a more open one. And this post-recession world will embrace new prosperity.

記者會(huì)采用網(wǎng)絡(luò)視頻形式進(jìn)行，主會(huì)場(chǎng)設(shè)在人民大會(huì)堂三樓金色大廳，分會(huì)場(chǎng)設(shè)在梅地亞兩會(huì)新聞中心。記者會(huì)歷時(shí)約110分鐘。

The Press Conference was held via a video link between the main venue, the Golden Hall on the third floor of the Great Hall of the People, and the Press Center for the NPC and CPPCC Sessions at Media Center Hotel. It lasted for about 110 minutes.

（來(lái)源：新華網(wǎng)）

(Source: english.gov.cn)