China-Mongolia-Russia Economic Corridor

The idea of the China-Mongolia-Russia Economic Corridor (CMREC) was proposed by President Xi Jinping on September 11, 2014 during the first trilateral meeting of the three heads of state in Dushanbe, capital of Tajikistan, and was welcomed by Russian President Vladimir Putin and Mongolian President Tsakhiagiin Elbegdorj. On June 23, 2016, the three countries put pen to paper on a development plan for the proposal, the first multilateral cooperation plan to form part of the Belt and Road Initiative.

As an important component of the Silk Road Economic Belt, the CMREC aims to align China's Belt and Road Initiative with Russia's proposal for the Eurasian Union and Mongolia's Steppe Road program. It creates an overarching platform to tap the potential and strengths of the three parties to expand development opportunities beneficial to all, promote regional economic integration, and enhance their collective competitiveness in the international market.

The CMREC has two key traffic arteries: one extends from China's Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region to Hohhot and on to Mongolia and Russia; the other extends from China's Dalian, Shenyang, Changchun, Harbin and Manzhouli to Russia's Chita.

Seven major areas of cooperation are envisaged: transport infrastructure and connectivity; port construction, and customs and border inspection and quarantine services; industrial capacity and investment; trade; cultural and people-to-people exchanges; environmental protection; and cooperation with adjacent regions. Transport is the main focus.

中蒙俄經(jīng)濟(jì)走廊

2014 年 9 月 11日，習(xí)近平主席在塔吉克斯坦首都杜尚別舉行的首次中蒙俄三國(guó)元首會(huì)晤期間，提出打造中蒙俄經(jīng)濟(jì)走廊的倡議，獲得普京總統(tǒng)和額勒貝格道爾吉總統(tǒng)的積極響應(yīng)。2016 年 6 月 23 日，三國(guó)正式簽署《建設(shè)中蒙俄經(jīng)濟(jì)走廊規(guī)劃綱要》，這是“一帶一路” 倡議下的第一個(gè)多邊合作規(guī)劃綱要。中蒙俄經(jīng)濟(jì)走廊是絲綢之路經(jīng)濟(jì)帶的重要組成部分，旨在推動(dòng)“一帶一路” 倡議同俄羅斯的“歐亞聯(lián)盟”倡議、蒙古國(guó)的“草原之路”倡議實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)接，為三國(guó)深化務(wù)實(shí)合作搭建頂層設(shè)計(jì)平臺(tái)，以便發(fā)揮三方的潛力和優(yōu)勢(shì)，建設(shè)和拓展互利共贏的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展空間，推動(dòng)地區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)一體化，提升三國(guó)在國(guó)際市場(chǎng)上的聯(lián)合競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力。中蒙俄經(jīng)濟(jì)走廊有兩個(gè)通道： 一是從華北的京津冀到呼和浩特，再到蒙古和俄羅斯； 二是從大連、沈陽(yáng)、長(zhǎng)春、哈爾濱到滿洲里和俄羅斯的赤塔。該走廊重點(diǎn)關(guān)注七大合作領(lǐng)域，即促進(jìn)交通基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施發(fā)展及互聯(lián)互通、加強(qiáng)口岸建設(shè)和海關(guān)及檢驗(yàn)檢疫監(jiān)管、加強(qiáng)產(chǎn)能與投資合作、深化經(jīng)貿(mào)合作、拓展人文交流合作、加強(qiáng)生態(tài)環(huán)保合作、推動(dòng)地方及邊境地區(qū)合作，其中交通領(lǐng)域被確定為工作重點(diǎn)。