健康扶貧
國(guó)務(wù)院扶貧辦建檔立卡數(shù)據(jù)顯示，截至2015年年底，因病致貧、因病返貧的貧困人口近2000萬(wàn)人，占貧困人口總數(shù)的44.1%。其中，患大病的和慢性病的是734萬(wàn)人。在各種致貧原因中，因病致貧在各地區(qū)都排在最前面。健康不良的狀態(tài)容易導(dǎo)致貧困，貧困又容易滋生疾病，貧困人口極易陷入“疾病-貧困-疾病”的惡性循環(huán)。
因此，保障貧困人口的健康權(quán)利，防止因病致貧、因病返貧，開展健康扶貧，成為脫貧攻堅(jiān)的重點(diǎn)領(lǐng)域。健康扶貧是國(guó)家精準(zhǔn)扶貧精準(zhǔn)脫貧方略的重要組成部分，是確保打贏脫貧攻堅(jiān)戰(zhàn)、實(shí)現(xiàn)全面建成小康社會(huì)目標(biāo)的重要舉措。為此，國(guó)家衛(wèi)生計(jì)生委、國(guó)務(wù)院扶貧辦等部門聯(lián)合印發(fā)《關(guān)于實(shí)施健康扶貧工程的指導(dǎo)意見》，強(qiáng)調(diào)健康扶貧工程要按照脫貧攻堅(jiān)戰(zhàn)“兩不愁三保障”的要求，聚焦貧困人口“基本醫(yī)療有保障”這一總體目標(biāo)，落實(shí)健康中國(guó)和鄉(xiāng)村振興兩大戰(zhàn)略，通過(guò)大病集中救治一批、慢病簽約服務(wù)管理一批、重病兜底保障一批“三個(gè)一批”行動(dòng)計(jì)劃，努力讓貧困人口“看得起病、看得好病、看得上病、少生病”。
The Health Program for Poverty Alleviation
According to the State Council Leading Group Office of Poverty Alleviation and Development, nearly 20 million people in China were victims of poverty or had returned to poverty because of illness by the end of 2015, accounting for 44.1 percent of the total number of poor population. Illness was the main cause of poverty. Of this total, 7.34 million had serious or chronic illnesses. Bad health may cause poverty, and poverty can in turn lead to bad health, thus forming a vicious cycle of "illness - poverty - illness" among the poor.
Naturally, protecting these people's right to health, preventing them from being trapped in or returning to poverty because of illness, and launching a health program are therefore very important features of China's poverty alleviation effort. The health program is part of China's targeted poverty elimination strategy, and an important measure to win the battle against poverty and achieve moderate prosperity in all respects.
In response to this, relevant government departments worked out the Guidelines on Implementing the Health Program for Poverty Alleviation. The program echoes China's poverty alleviation goal of guaranteeing access to basic medical services, the Healthy China initiative and the strategy of rural revitalization. Efforts will be made to ensure that the poor can afford medical services and seldom fall ill, as they can expect help from serious illness insurance and chronic illness services, and government funds will cover the remaining cost of critical ailments after the relevant reimbursements.
