因地制宜

“因地制宜”的基本意思是指根據(jù)各地的具體情況，制定適宜的辦法，其較好概括了精準扶貧精準脫貧的基本要求，與“因人因戶因村施策”共同構(gòu)成了精準扶貧的核心要義。這一概念屢見習近平關(guān)于精準扶貧的論述中，例如，“因地制宜、因村因戶因人施策的幫扶體系”“市縣抓落實，就是要因地制宜，從當?shù)貙嶋H出發(fā)，推動脫貧攻堅各項政策措施落地生根”“幫扶措施一定要實，因地制宜、因人因戶施策，找準癥結(jié)把準脈，開對藥方拔‘窮根’”。

習近平以河北省阜平縣為例，生動闡釋了“因地制宜”的含義：推進扶貧開發(fā)、推動經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展，首先要有一個好思路、好路子。要堅持從實際出發(fā)，因地制宜，理清思路、完善規(guī)劃、找準突破口。比如，阜平有300多萬畝山場，森林覆蓋率、植被覆蓋率比較高，適合發(fā)展林果業(yè)、種植業(yè)、畜牧業(yè)。還有晉察冀邊區(qū)革命紀念館和天生橋瀑布群這樣的景區(qū)，離北京、天津這樣的大城市都不算遠，又北靠五臺山、南臨西柏坡，發(fā)展旅游業(yè)大有潛力。要做到宜農(nóng)則農(nóng)、宜林則林、宜牧則牧、宜開發(fā)生態(tài)旅游則搞生態(tài)旅游，真正把自身比較優(yōu)勢發(fā)揮好，使貧困地區(qū)發(fā)展扎實建立在自身有利條件的基礎(chǔ)之上。

Acting According to Local Conditions

To act according to local conditions means devising appropriate measures suited to local realities. This is a basic lesson of China's targeted poverty alleviation. To make it specific, targeted measures are tailored for each village, each household and each individual in severely poverty-stricken areas.

Xi Jinping has emphasized this point on different occasions. He demands that cities and counties be responsible for the execution of relevant policies according to local conditions, and make sure that these policies will take root and bear fruit. He likens targeted measures to "feeling the pulse of a patient" and "issuing the right prescription" by a doctor of traditional Chinese medicine.

He takes Fuping County in Hebei Province as an example. There must be good ideas and well-designed approaches that are applicable to local realities. With good planning, it is easy to make breakthroughs at the right point.

For instance, Fuping County has 3 millionmu(200,000 hectares) of mountainous land, with a high forest coverage rate, which is suitable for orchards, plantations, and animal husbandry. There is a group of waterfalls and a museum in the old revolutionary base area. These are good tourist resources to develop, given the county's proximity to Beijing and Tianjin, the Buddhist resort of Wutai Mountain, and Xibaipo (location of the CPC's headquarters before it moved to Beiping, now Beijing, in March 1949).

Xi points out that different localities should make good use of their own comparative strengths to develop eitheragriculture, forestry, animal husbandry or eco-tourism, whatever is most suitable to them, so as to lay a solid foundation for long-term development.