"On Ten Major Relationships"

In early 1956, as the socialist transformation of private ownership of the means of production was well under way, the CPC Central Committee began to shift its focus to building socialism.

From February to April 1956, the Political Bureau of the Central Committee summoned the heads of more than 30 economic ministries and departments to study the problems of socialist development. Based on opinions from various quarters, Mao Zedong delivered a report to the Supreme State Conference held in May, which was about the 10 major relationships in China. While summarizing the experience in building socialism, he set a basic policy of mobilizing all positive elements to serve socialism and expressed the idea that China should explore its own road of socialist development in light of its own conditions. This was the CPC's first venture into building socialism based on China's true conditions.

Mao talked about ways of handling the relationships between heavy industry on the one hand and light industry and agriculture on the other; between industry in the coastal regions and industry in the interior; between economic construction and defense; between the state, the units of production and individual producers; between the central authorities and the local governments; between the Han and ethnic minority groups; between the Party and the non-Party; between revolution and counter-revolution; between right and wrong; and between China and other countries.

He pointed out that correctly handling these relationships would help mobilize all positive factors, both inside and outside the Party, both at home and abroad, and make China a powerful socialist country.

"On Ten Major Relationships" demonstrated the CPC's efforts in searching for a suitable road for China's socialist development by freeing the mind and making explorations. The basic approach to building Chinese socialism gradually became clearer, with many policies being adopted to effectively promote development.

《論十大關(guān)系》

1956年年初，隨著生產(chǎn)資料私有制的社會主義改造不斷取得勝利，中共中央開始把黨和國家工作的著重點(diǎn)向社會主義建設(shè)方面轉(zhuǎn)移。1956年2月至4月間，中共中央政治局分別約集30多個經(jīng)濟(jì)部門的負(fù)責(zé)人座談，討論社會主義建設(shè)中存在的各種問題。毛澤東集中大家意見，在5月召開的最高國務(wù)會議上作《論十大關(guān)系》的報告。報告總結(jié)了中國社會主義建設(shè)的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，提出了調(diào)動一切積極因素為社會主義建設(shè)事業(yè)服務(wù)的基本方針，對適合中國情況的社會主義建設(shè)道路進(jìn)行了初步的探索，明確了建設(shè)社會主義的根本思想是必須根據(jù)本國情況走自己的道路。

報告論述的“十大關(guān)系”包括：重工業(yè)和輕工業(yè)、農(nóng)業(yè)的關(guān)系，沿海工業(yè)和內(nèi)地工業(yè)的關(guān)系，經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)和國防建設(shè)的關(guān)系，國家、生產(chǎn)單位和生產(chǎn)者個人的關(guān)系，中央和地方的關(guān)系，漢族和少數(shù)民族的關(guān)系，黨和非黨的關(guān)系，革命和反革命的關(guān)系，是非關(guān)系，中國和外國的關(guān)系。毛澤東指出，正確處理這些關(guān)系，是為了把黨內(nèi)黨外、國內(nèi)國外一切積極因素都調(diào)動起來，把中國建設(shè)成為一個強(qiáng)大的社會主義國家。

《論十大關(guān)系》展現(xiàn)出中國共產(chǎn)黨為尋找適合中國情況的建設(shè)社會主義的道路而解放思想、多方面探索的生動景象，中國社會主義建設(shè)道路的基本思路逐步清晰起來，其中許多重要方針和觀點(diǎn)，對于中國的發(fā)展具有重要意義。