十一屆全國(guó)人大常委會(huì)工作報(bào)告（全文）
Full text: NPC Work Report

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全國(guó)人民代表大會(huì)常務(wù)委員會(huì)工作報(bào)告	REPORT ON THE WORK OF THE STANDING COMMITTEE OF THE NATIONAL PEOPLE'S CONGRESS
—— 2013年3月8日在第十二屆全國(guó)人民代表大會(huì)第一次會(huì)議上	Delivered at the First Session of the Twelfth National People's Congress on March 8, 2013
全國(guó)人民代表大會(huì)常務(wù)委員會(huì)委員長(zhǎng) 吳邦國(guó)	Wu Bangguo Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress
目錄	Contents
一、過(guò)去五年工作的簡(jiǎn)要回顧	I. Overview of the Work in the Past Five Years
二、過(guò)去五年工作的基本總結(jié)	II. Review of the Work in the Past Five Years
三、今后一年工作的總體安排	III. Plan for This Year's Work
各位代表：	Fellow Deputies,
我受十一屆全國(guó)人大常委會(huì)委托，向大會(huì)報(bào)告五年來(lái)的主要工作，請(qǐng)予審議。	On behalf of the Standing Committee of the Eleventh National People's Congress (NPC), I now present this report on the main work it did over the past five years for your deliberation.
一、過(guò)去五年工作的簡(jiǎn)要回顧	I. Overview of the Work in the Past Five Years
過(guò)去的五年，是中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨團(tuán)結(jié)帶領(lǐng)全國(guó)各族人民經(jīng)受住各種困難和風(fēng)險(xiǎn)考驗(yàn)、奪取全面建設(shè)小康社會(huì)新勝利的五年，也是我國(guó)社會(huì)主義民主法制建設(shè)和人民代表大會(huì)制度建設(shè)取得重大進(jìn)展的五年。十一屆全國(guó)人大及其常委會(huì)認(rèn)真貫徹落實(shí)黨的十七大和十八大精神，堅(jiān)持以鄧小平理論、“三個(gè)代表”重要思想、科學(xué)發(fā)展觀為指導(dǎo)，堅(jiān)持黨的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)、人民當(dāng)家作主、依法治國(guó)有機(jī)統(tǒng)一，緊緊圍繞黨和國(guó)家工作大局依法行使職權(quán)，充分發(fā)揮最高國(guó)家權(quán)力機(jī)關(guān)作用，圓滿完成各項(xiàng)工作任務(wù)，為全面推進(jìn)中國(guó)特色社會(huì)主義事業(yè)作出了重要貢獻(xiàn)。	Over the past five years, the Communist Party of China (CPC) united with and led the people of all the country's ethnic groups in overcoming difficulties and risks and achieving new successes in building a moderately prosperous society in all respects. During this period, significant progress was made in developing socialist democracy, the socialist legal system, and the system of people's congresses. The Eleventh NPC and its Standing Committee conscientiously implemented the guiding principles of the CPC's Seventeenth and Eighteenth National Congresses; steadfastly followed the guidance of Deng Xiaoping Theory, the important thought of Three Represents and the Scientific Outlook on Development; organically integrated the leadership of the Party, the position of the people as masters of the country and the rule of law; performed their functions and powers in accordance with the law with the focus on the overall work of the Party and country; fully played their role of the country's highest bodies of state power; accomplished all their tasks; and made an important contribution to advancing the socialist cause with Chinese characteristics in all respects.
——如期形成并不斷完善中國(guó)特色社會(huì)主義法律體系。到2010年形成中國(guó)特色社會(huì)主義法律體系，是黨的十五大提出的立法工作目標(biāo)。圍繞實(shí)現(xiàn)這一目標(biāo)，我們堅(jiān)持從國(guó)情和實(shí)際出發(fā)，堅(jiān)持科學(xué)立法、民主立法，在提高立法質(zhì)量的前提下，抓緊制定在法律體系中起支架作用的法律，及時(shí)修改與經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展不相適應(yīng)的法律規(guī)定，集中開(kāi)展法律清理工作，督促有關(guān)方面清理行政法規(guī)和地方性法規(guī)、制定法律配套法規(guī)。到2010年底，涵蓋社會(huì)關(guān)系各個(gè)方面的法律部門(mén)已經(jīng)齊全，各法律部門(mén)中基本的、主要的法律已經(jīng)制定，相應(yīng)的行政法規(guī)和地方性法規(guī)比較完備，法律體系內(nèi)部總體做到科學(xué)統(tǒng)一。在黨中央領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下，經(jīng)過(guò)各方面長(zhǎng)期共同努力，一個(gè)立足中國(guó)國(guó)情和實(shí)際、適應(yīng)改革開(kāi)放和社會(huì)主義現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)需要、集中體現(xiàn)黨和人民意志，以憲法為統(tǒng)帥，以憲法相關(guān)法、民法商法、行政法、經(jīng)濟(jì)法、社會(huì)法、刑法、訴訟與非訴訟程序法等多個(gè)法律部門(mén)的法律為主干，由法律、行政法規(guī)、地方性法規(guī)三個(gè)層次的法律規(guī)范構(gòu)成的中國(guó)特色社會(huì)主義法律體系如期形成，社會(huì)主義經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)、政治建設(shè)、文化建設(shè)、社會(huì)建設(shè)、生態(tài)文明建設(shè)實(shí)現(xiàn)有法可依。這是我國(guó)社會(huì)主義民主法制建設(shè)史上的重要里程碑，是中國(guó)特色社會(huì)主義制度走向成熟的重要標(biāo)志，具有重大的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義和深遠(yuǎn)的歷史意義。中國(guó)特色社會(huì)主義法律體系，以憲法和法律的形式確立了國(guó)家發(fā)展中帶有根本性、全局性、穩(wěn)定性和長(zhǎng)期性的一系列重要制度，是中國(guó)特色社會(huì)主義永葆本色的法制根基、創(chuàng)新實(shí)踐的法制體現(xiàn)、興旺發(fā)達(dá)的法制保障。	Establishing a socialist system of laws with Chinese characteristics on schedule and constantly improving it Establishing a socialist system of laws with Chinese characteristics by 2010 was an objective set at the Fifteenth National Party Congress for China's legislative work. To attain this objective, we proceeded from our country's national conditions and realities and made legislation more scientific and democratic. Taking raising the quality of legislation as a basic requirement, we focused on enacting laws that form the framework of the legal system, promptly revised provisions of laws that were ill-suited to economic and social development, made a concerted effort to put existing laws in order, and urged relevant departments to put their administrative regulations and local statutes in order and formulate supporting regulations for laws. By the end of 2010, we had enacted basic and major laws of all kinds pertaining to the full range of social relations, together with comprehensive corresponding administrative regulations and local statutes. Overall, the system of laws is scientific and unified. Under the leadership of the CPC Central Committee and through the prolonged common efforts of everyone involved, a socialist system of laws with Chinese characteristics was created on schedule. The system is based on the national conditions and realities in China; meets the needs of reform, opening up and socialist modernization; fully reflects the will of the Party and the people; is rooted in the Constitution; has several types of laws – constitutional laws, civil and commercial laws, administrative laws, economic laws, social laws, criminal laws, and litigation and non-litigation procedure laws – as its core; and consists of three levels of laws: national laws, administrative regulations, and local statutes. The system provides laws to abide by in promoting economic, political, cultural, social, and ecological progress. It is a major milestone in the history of China's socialist democracy and socialist legal system, and an important indicator of the maturity of the socialist system with Chinese characteristics, and it has great practical importance and far-reaching historical significance. The socialist system of laws with Chinese characteristics, in the form of the Constitution and laws, establishes important, fundamental, overall and long-term systems for China's development that ensure national stability. This system of laws is the legal foundation for socialism with Chinese characteristics to maintain its nature forever, the embodiment of its practical innovations, and the legal guarantee for it to thrive.
中國(guó)特色社會(huì)主義法律體系形成后，我們?nèi)娣治鑫覈?guó)法制建設(shè)面臨的新形勢(shì)新任務(wù)，強(qiáng)調(diào)中國(guó)特色社會(huì)主義法律體系是動(dòng)態(tài)的、開(kāi)放的、發(fā)展的，必然隨著中國(guó)特色社會(huì)主義實(shí)踐的發(fā)展而發(fā)展，我國(guó)立法任務(wù)依然艱巨而繁重，立法工作只能加強(qiáng)不能削弱；強(qiáng)調(diào)要在新的起點(diǎn)上繼續(xù)加強(qiáng)和改進(jìn)立法工作，把更多的精力放到法律的修改完善上，放到推動(dòng)法律配套法規(guī)的制定修改上，同時(shí)為適應(yīng)經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展需要制定一些新的法律，不斷完善中國(guó)特色社會(huì)主義法律體系；強(qiáng)調(diào)法律的生命力在于實(shí)施，法律體系的形成總體上解決了有法可依的問(wèn)題，要更加注重憲法和法律的有效實(shí)施，切實(shí)做到有法必依、執(zhí)法必嚴(yán)、違法必究，切實(shí)維護(hù)憲法和法律的權(quán)威和尊嚴(yán)。為弘揚(yáng)社會(huì)主義法治精神，作出進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)法制宣傳教育的決議，開(kāi)展紀(jì)念現(xiàn)行憲法公布施行30周年活動(dòng)。五年來(lái)，全國(guó)人大及其常委會(huì)共審議法律、法律解釋和有關(guān)法律問(wèn)題的決定草案93件，通過(guò)86件。	Following the formation of the socialist system of laws with Chinese characteristics, we fully analyzed the new situation and new tasks we faced in developing China's legal system. We emphasized that: The system of laws is dynamic, open and developing, and will naturally develop as socialism with Chinese characteristics does. Our legislative tasks remain painstaking and arduous, and we must intensify our legislative work, not slacken it. We need to strengthen and improve our legislative work from this new starting point, focus more on revising and improving laws, and on enacting and revising supporting regulations for laws. In addition, we need to enact new laws as required by economic and social development in order to improve the socialist system of laws with Chinese characteristics. The vitality of laws lies in their enforcement. The formation of a socialist system of laws with Chinese characteristics has basically solved the problem of not having laws to follow. We need to focus more on effectively enforcing the Constitution and laws, upholding their authority and dignity, and ensuring that laws are obeyed and strictly enforced and lawbreakers are prosecuted. In order to promote a socialist spirit of the rule of law, we adopted a resolution on strengthening publicity of and education in the legal system and commemorated the 30th anniversary of the Constitution taking force. Over the past five years, the NPC and its Standing Committee deliberated 93 bills, legal interpretations and draft decisions on legal issues and passed 86 of them.
——扎實(shí)開(kāi)展監(jiān)督工作。全面貫徹實(shí)施監(jiān)督法，按照“圍繞中心、突出重點(diǎn)、講求實(shí)效”的工作思路，加強(qiáng)法律監(jiān)督和工作監(jiān)督，完善監(jiān)督工作方式方法，監(jiān)督和支持國(guó)務(wù)院、最高人民法院、最高人民檢察院的工作，推動(dòng)中央重大決策部署貫徹落實(shí)。加強(qiáng)對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)工作的監(jiān)督，涉及宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行、經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整、預(yù)算決算、“三農(nóng)”工作、資源環(huán)境保護(hù)、重要領(lǐng)域改革等方面，促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)持續(xù)健康發(fā)展。加強(qiáng)對(duì)民生工作的監(jiān)督，推動(dòng)以保障和改善民生為重點(diǎn)的社會(huì)建設(shè)，促進(jìn)基本公共服務(wù)均等化，解決人民最關(guān)心最直接最現(xiàn)實(shí)的利益問(wèn)題。加強(qiáng)對(duì)司法工作的監(jiān)督，督促審判機(jī)關(guān)、檢察機(jī)關(guān)完善工作機(jī)制，強(qiáng)化隊(duì)伍建設(shè)，規(guī)范司法行為，提高司法水平，維護(hù)社會(huì)公平正義。五年來(lái)，常委會(huì)共聽(tīng)取和審議“一府兩院”70個(gè)報(bào)告，組織21次執(zhí)法檢查，開(kāi)展9次專(zhuān)題詢(xún)問(wèn)。	Carrying out oversight work We fully implemented the Law on Oversight; followed the approach of concentrating on core issues, emphasizing key points and seeking substantive results; strengthened our oversight of law enforcement and work performance; improved the way we exercise oversight; oversaw and supported the work of the State Council, the Supreme People's Court, and the Supreme People's Procuratorate; and gave impetus to implementing the major decisions and arrangements of China's central leadership. We tightened oversight of economic work including macroeconomic performance; structural adjustments to the economy; budgets and final accounts; work related to agriculture, rural areas and farmers; protection of resources and the environment; and reforms in key areas, and promoted sustained and sound economic development. We strengthened oversight of work related to people's wellbeing, advanced social development with the focus on ensuring and improving people's wellbeing, made access to basic public services more equal, and solved problems of greatest concern to the people that directly and substantively affect their interests. We strengthened oversight of judicial work, and urged judicial and procuratorial bodies to improve their work mechanisms, strengthen their ranks, standardize their judicial actions, improve their competence, and safeguard social fairness and justice. The Standing Committee listened to and deliberated 70 reports from the State Council, the Supreme People's Court and the Supreme People's Procuratorate, organized 21 inspections of law enforcement, and held 9 special hearings.
——做好代表履職服務(wù)保障工作。認(rèn)真貫徹實(shí)施代表法，堅(jiān)持為代表服務(wù)思想，努力提高代表服務(wù)保障工作水平，支持和保障代表依法履職。共辦理代表議案2541件，227件議案涉及的38個(gè)立法項(xiàng)目已經(jīng)審議通過(guò)，136件議案涉及的8個(gè)立法項(xiàng)目正在審議。辦理代表建議37527件，建議所提問(wèn)題已經(jīng)解決或計(jì)劃解決的占總數(shù)的76%，代表對(duì)建議辦理工作表示滿意或基本滿意的超過(guò)90%。邀請(qǐng)代表1000多人次列席常委會(huì)會(huì)議，3800多人次參加執(zhí)法檢查和專(zhuān)門(mén)委員會(huì)活動(dòng)。組織代表9000多人次開(kāi)展專(zhuān)題調(diào)研，形成調(diào)研報(bào)告500多篇。舉辦33期代表專(zhuān)題學(xué)習(xí)班，參加學(xué)習(xí)的代表6300多人次。	Serving deputies We conscientiously implemented the Law on Deputies to People's Congresses, maintained an attitude of serving deputies, improved our services for them, and supported them in exercising their duties in accordance with the law. We handled 2,541 bills introduced by deputies, deliberated and passed 38 laws introduced in 227 of them; and are deliberating 8 legislative items introduced in 136 of them. We dealt with 37,527 deputy proposals; we have already resolved or made plans to resolve 76% of the issues raised in them, and over 90% of deputies are fully or somewhat satisfied with our work in this regard. We invited over 1,000 deputies to attend meetings of the Standing Committee in a nonvoting capacity, and over 3,800 deputies to participate in inspections of law enforcement and in activities of NPC special committees. We organized over 9,000 deputies to carry out investigations and studies on special issues, which resulted in more than 500 investigative reports. We held 33 study sessions on special topics in which over 6,300 deputies participated.
——形成人大對(duì)外交往新格局。堅(jiān)持服務(wù)國(guó)家總體外交，充分發(fā)揮人大對(duì)外交往的特點(diǎn)和優(yōu)勢(shì)，積極開(kāi)展高層交往，穩(wěn)步推進(jìn)機(jī)制交流，有效利用多邊舞臺(tái)，全面加強(qiáng)與各國(guó)議會(huì)及多邊議會(huì)組織的友好關(guān)系，形成全方位、多渠道、寬領(lǐng)域、深層次的人大對(duì)外交往格局。目前，全國(guó)人大與14個(gè)國(guó)家議會(huì)及歐洲議會(huì)建立定期交流機(jī)制，成立106個(gè)雙邊議會(huì)友好小組，加入15個(gè)多邊議會(huì)組織，成為5個(gè)多邊議會(huì)組織觀察員。在對(duì)外交往中，堅(jiān)決維護(hù)國(guó)家主權(quán)、安全、發(fā)展利益，增進(jìn)政治互信，促進(jìn)務(wù)實(shí)合作，加深人民友誼，不斷夯實(shí)國(guó)家關(guān)系發(fā)展的社會(huì)基礎(chǔ)，為維護(hù)我國(guó)發(fā)展重要戰(zhàn)略機(jī)遇期發(fā)揮了重要作用。	Bringing about a new phase of the NPC's foreign relations work We served China's overall diplomatic policy, fully utilized the characteristics and advantages of the NPC's foreign relations, actively developed high-level contacts, steadily advanced the mechanism of regular exchanges, and made effective use of multilateral arenas. We comprehensively strengthened friendly relations with congresses and parliaments of other countries and multilateral parliamentary organizations, and created a pattern of the NPC's foreign contacts that is all-around, multi-channeled, wide-ranging and deep. At present, the NPC has a mechanism for regular exchanges with the parliaments and congresses of 14 countries and the European Parliament, has established 106 bilateral friendship groups, is a member of 15 multilateral parliamentary organizations, and has observer status at 5 multilateral parliamentary organizations. In the course of our foreign relations work, we have firmly upheld China's sovereignty, security and development interests; enhanced mutual political trust; promoted pragmatic cooperation; deepened friendship between the Chinese people and the peoples of other countries; strengthened the social foundation for developing China's relations with other countries; and played an important role in safeguarding the important period of strategic opportunities for China's development.
常委會(huì)還批準(zhǔn)我國(guó)與外國(guó)締結(jié)的條約、協(xié)定和我國(guó)加入的國(guó)際條約39件，決定和批準(zhǔn)任免了一批國(guó)家機(jī)關(guān)工作人員。	The Standing Committee ratified 39 treaties and agreements that China concluded with foreign countries as well as international conventions; and made decisions on and approved the appointment or removal of a number of employees in state bodies.
常委會(huì)高度重視自身建設(shè)。全面加強(qiáng)思想政治建設(shè)、組織制度建設(shè)、作風(fēng)能力建設(shè)，牢固樹(shù)立黨的觀念、政治觀念、法治觀念、大局觀念和群眾觀念，不斷提升依法履職能力和水平。密切聯(lián)系群眾，深入開(kāi)展調(diào)查研究，向群眾學(xué)習(xí)、向?qū)嵺`學(xué)習(xí)、向基層學(xué)習(xí)。辦好常委會(huì)專(zhuān)題講座，豐富講座內(nèi)容，增強(qiáng)講座實(shí)效。通過(guò)多種方式提高人大工作透明度，自覺(jué)接受人民監(jiān)督。虛心聽(tīng)取各方面意見(jiàn)，努力改進(jìn)工作中的不足。充分發(fā)揮專(zhuān)門(mén)委員會(huì)作用，支持專(zhuān)門(mén)委員會(huì)依法履職。各專(zhuān)門(mén)委員會(huì)緊緊圍繞全國(guó)人大及其常委會(huì)的中心工作，認(rèn)真研究、審議和擬訂有關(guān)議案，在提高立法質(zhì)量、增強(qiáng)監(jiān)督實(shí)效、發(fā)揮代表作用等方面做了大量工作。加強(qiáng)與地方人大常委會(huì)的聯(lián)系，共同做好新形勢(shì)下人大工作，推進(jìn)社會(huì)主義民主法制建設(shè)。全國(guó)人大機(jī)關(guān)開(kāi)展深入學(xué)習(xí)實(shí)踐科學(xué)發(fā)展觀、創(chuàng)先爭(zhēng)優(yōu)活動(dòng)，大力加強(qiáng)機(jī)關(guān)干部隊(duì)伍建設(shè)，充分發(fā)揮參謀助手和服務(wù)保障作用。	The Standing Committee attached great importance to self-improvement. We comprehensively improved our ideological and political development, organizational systems, work style and capabilities; kept the Party, politics, the rule of law, the overall interests of the country, and the people firmly in mind; and enhanced our capability to fulfill our duties in accordance with the law. We forged close ties with the people; carried out thorough investigations and studies; and learned from the people, past experience and lower-level organizations. We held Standing Committee lectures on special topics, enriched their content, and made them more effective. We increased the transparency of the NPC's work in various ways, and willingly accepted oversight of the people. We sought everyone's opinions with an open mind and strived to improve shortcomings in our work. We made full use of NPC special committees and supported them in performing their duties in accordance with the law. Focusing on the central tasks of the NPC and its Standing Committee, the special committees conscientiously studied, deliberated and drafted bills, and worked hard to improve the quality of legislation, make our oversight more effective and enhance the role of deputies. We strengthened contacts with standing committees of local people's congresses, and worked with them in doing the work of the NPC well under the new conditions and developing socialist democracy and the socialist legal system. NPC bodies launched a campaign to thoroughly study and put into practice the Scientific Outlook on Development and encourage their Party members and organizations to excel in their work; greatly strengthened the ranks of their staff; and fully played their role in providing advice, assistance, and services to deputies.
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