《新疆各民族平等團結發(fā)展的歷史見證》白皮書
White Paper: Historical Witness to Ethnic Equality, Unity and Development
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| 八、發(fā)揮兵團特殊作用 | VIII. Promoting the Unique Role of the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps |
| 新疆生產建設兵團（簡稱“兵團”）成立于1954年10月，是新疆維吾爾自治區(qū)的重要組成部分，履行國家賦予的屯墾戍邊職責，實行黨政軍企合一、國家計劃單列的特殊管理體制。在自己所轄墾區(qū)內，兵團依照國家和自治區(qū)的法律、法規(guī)，自行管理內部行政、司法事務。截至2014年，兵團下轄14個師，176個團，轄區(qū)面積7.06萬平方公里，總人口273.29萬，占新疆總人口的11.8%。 | Founded in October 1954, the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps (XPCC) plays a key role in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. It assumes the responsibilities of reclaiming the wasteland and guarding the border areas commissioned by the state, and operates a unique administrative system that combines the functions of the Party, government, military and enterprise, with economic planning directly supervised by the state. It is an organization that handles its own administrative and judicial affairs within the reclamation areas under its jurisdiction in accordance with the laws and regulations and those enacted by the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. By the end of 2014, the XPCC had had under it 14 divisions comprised of 176 regiments, and was exercising jurisdiction over an area of 70,600 sq km boasting a total population of 2,732,900, accounting for 11.8 percent of Xinjiang's total. |
| 60多年來，幾代兵團人發(fā)揚“熱愛祖國、無私奉獻、艱苦創(chuàng)業(yè)、開拓進取”的兵團精神，白手起家，艱苦奮斗，把亙古荒漠改造成生態(tài)綠洲，開創(chuàng)了新疆現代化事業(yè)，建成了規(guī)?；筠r業(yè)，興辦大型工礦企業(yè)，建起了一座座新型城鎮(zhèn)。兵團為推動新疆發(fā)展、增進民族團結、維護社會穩(wěn)定、鞏固國家邊防做出了不可磨滅的歷史貢獻。 | Inspired by the XPCC spirit of "loving the motherland, selfless devotion, hard work, and forging ahead with pioneering endeavors," over the past six decades the XPCC workers have, generation after generation, made strenuous efforts to turn the desolate Gobi wilderness from time immemorial into ecological oases, initiate Xinjiang's cause of modernization, build one after another large farms and industrial and mining enterprises, and establish quite a number of new cities and towns. The XPCC has made an indelible contribution to the development of Xinjiang by promoting unity among all the ethnic groups, maintaining social stability and consolidating border defenses. |
| 兵團對新疆發(fā)展進步發(fā)揮重要推動作用。兵團從建農場起步，依靠勤儉節(jié)約、艱苦創(chuàng)業(yè)積累的建設資金和生活資金，開礦山，建工廠，修公路，辦商貿，興辦科教、文化、衛(wèi)生事業(yè)。兵團創(chuàng)辦的農牧團場和所屬企業(yè)，生產所得不僅滿足了自身的需求，還依法向地方政府納稅，并先后無償地為地方規(guī)劃建設了一批交通水利工程和工礦企業(yè)。為支持新疆工業(yè)發(fā)展，兵團還把已經建設起來的規(guī)模較大的一批工交建商企業(yè)移交地方，為自治區(qū)的現代化建設做出了重要貢獻。兵團自組建以來，建成了阿拉爾市、鐵門關市、圖木舒克市、可克達拉市、雙河市、五家渠市、石河子市、北屯市等8個城市和金銀川鎮(zhèn)、草湖鎮(zhèn)、梧桐鎮(zhèn)、蔡家湖鎮(zhèn)、北泉鎮(zhèn)、石河子鎮(zhèn)等6個建制鎮(zhèn)，以及一大批新興團場城鎮(zhèn)，促進了新疆城鎮(zhèn)化的發(fā)展。 | The XPCC has played an important driving role for the development and progress of Xinjiang. Starting with establishing farms by reclaiming wastelands, the XPCC expanded its activities to running mines, building factories and roads, developing commerce and trade, and initiating undertakings in science, education, culture and healthcare with funds for construction and life it had accumulated by way of working hard and practicing economy. Its regimental agricultural and stock raising farms and subordinating enterprises not only have provided for their own needs, but also have paid taxes to the local governments in accordance with the law, in addition to planning and building in succession quite a number of transport and hydropower projects as well as industrial and mining enterprises for the local governments, for free. To support Xinjiang' s industrial development, the XPCC has also transferred to the local governments, at no cost, a number of large-scale industrial, construction, transport, and commercial enterprises it had developed, making an important contribution to the modernization of the region. Since its founding, the XPCC has built eight county-level cities of Alar, Tiemenguan, Tumushuke, Kekedala, Shuanghe, Wujiaqu, Shihezi and Beitun, six administrative towns of Jinyinchuan, Caohu, Wutong, Caijiahu, Beiquan and Shihezi, and a large number of smaller towns on the regimental farms, facilitating the urbanization process in Xinjiang. |
| 兵團對新疆生產力進步發(fā)揮引領示范作用。兵團充分運用集團化、規(guī)?；a組織優(yōu)勢，形成了我國內陸干旱地區(qū)獨具一格的機械化、集約化、大規(guī)?，F代化農業(yè)體系，在農業(yè)節(jié)水灌溉、農業(yè)機械化推廣、現代農業(yè)示范基地建設中處于全國領先水平，已成為國家重要的優(yōu)質商品棉和特色林果生產基地。2014年，農作物播種面積1327.9千公頃，占新疆播種總面積的22.2%。棉花總產量達163.6萬噸，分別占新疆和全國棉花總產量的36.3%、26.6%，棉花單產、機械化率、人均占有量連續(xù)多年位居全國首位。節(jié)水灌溉器材、番茄制品、棉紡錠等產量和規(guī)模名列全國前茅。91個農產品被評為中國和新疆名牌或馳名商標。 | The XPCC has played an exemplar role in guiding the development of productive forces in Xinjiang. Fully exploiting its large-scale and group advantages in production organization, the Corps has built a modern agricultural system featuring mechanized, intensive and massive-scale production which is unique to China's inland arid areas, leading the nation in agricultural water-saving irrigation, promotion of mechanized farming, and the building of modern agriculture demonstration bases; it has become a key national production base for quality cotton and specialty fruit. In 2014, the total sown area of farm crops under its management reached 1,327,900 ha, accounting for 22.2 percent of the total in Xinjiang. The total output of cotton was 1.6 million tons, making up 36.3 percent of Xinjiang's production and 26.6 percent of the national total, leading the country for years in per-unit yield, rate of mechanization and per-capita output. It also tops the country in both output and scale of production of water-saving irrigation equipment, tomato products and cotton textile spindles. Ninety-one items of its farm produce have been acknowledged as famous brands or reputed trademarks of China and Xinjiang. |
| 兵團對新疆民族團結發(fā)揮促進作用。在新疆，兵團所屬師、團場及企事業(yè)單位分布于各地（州、市）、縣（市）行政區(qū)內，兵團與地方密不可分，廣泛融入新疆經濟社會各方面。兵團認真貫徹黨的民族宗教政策，堅持為各族群眾辦好事、辦實事，1959年就制定了《關于擁軍愛民為各族人民大辦好事綱要二十條》。1984年，兵團建制恢復不久，即在全兵團推行基層單位與地方鄉(xiāng)村建立共建機制。在兵團和地方的相互交往中，農業(yè)生產單位常年向地方農村傳授新技術、送去新品種，帶動各族群眾共同致富；醫(yī)療機構常年深入地方農村、牧區(qū)開展巡回醫(yī)療，防病治病，送醫(yī)送藥；文藝團體常年為地方各族群眾慰問演出。兵團職工長期與地方各民族群眾毗鄰而居、和睦相處、守望相助。兵團不僅為其職工，也為地方各族群眾提供多方面的社會公共服務，吸引、聚集了來自疆內外的各族群眾在兵團生產經營、就醫(yī)求學、勞動就業(yè)，促進了民族團結、兵地團結及兵地融合發(fā)展，促進了各民族相互嵌入社會發(fā)展模式的形成，構筑了新疆各民族交往交流交融的社會生活基礎。在創(chuàng)造兵團文化過程中，豐富了新疆地域文化，推動了各民族文化的交流，促進了各民族對“一體多元”中華文化的認同。 | The XPCC has promoted ethnic unity in Xinjiang. In Xinjiang, the divisions, regimental farms, enterprises and public institutions under the XPCC are extensively scattered in the various prefectures, cities, counties of Xinjiang, closely interwoven with the local administrative divisions and extensively involved in various aspects of the autonomous region's economic and social development. The Corps has earnestly implemented the Party' s ethnic and religious policies, performing public service and offering practical help to the people of various ethnic groups. As early as 1959, it formulated the Twenty-Article Outline Concerning Support to the Army and Love for the People for Sincerely Serving the People of Various Ethnic Groups. In 1984, shortly after it was restored, the XPCC launched a co-construction mechanism between its grassroots-level units and local villages. During their interactions, the Corps' agricultural production units have kept imparting new technology and new crop species to local farmers, helping all local ethnic minorities to gain prosperity. The Corps' medical institutions have kept making medical-aid tours to the local villages and pasturing areas all year round, delivering medicines, treating the sick and preventing diseases. The Corps' performing art troupes also bring free shows to the local peoples. The XPCC workers live in peace and harmony as neighbors with people of various ethnic groups in Xinjiang; they share mutual support and assistance. The Corps has provided various public services not only to its workers, but also to the local people, attracting people from all ethnic groups of Xinjiang and various other parts of the country to work, study, seek medical care, and start businesses in the XPCC, thus promoting ethnic unity, unity between the Corps and local governments, and integrative development of both XPCC and the local society, facilitating the formation of interwoven social development model for Xinjiang's ethnic groups and laying down the social foundation for these ethnic groups to communicate and integrate. During the process of creating the unique XPCC culture, the Corps makes a due contribution to enriching the local cultures of Xinjiang by promoting cultural exchanges among the different peoples and enhancing their identity with the Chinese culture that features integrated diversity. |
| 兵團對維穩(wěn)戍邊發(fā)揮特殊作用。兵團始終堅持亦兵亦民、勞武結合、兵民合一，一手抓勞動生產，一手抓軍事訓練，58個邊境團場的數十萬職工守衛(wèi)著祖國2000多公里的邊境線，保衛(wèi)中國西北邊防的安全。面對新疆嚴峻復雜的社會穩(wěn)定形勢，兵團所屬師、團和企事業(yè)單位建立了應急民兵隊伍，為新疆社會穩(wěn)定、打擊暴力恐怖犯罪、維護人民安寧發(fā)揮了不可替代的特殊作用。 | The XPCC has played a unique role in maintaining stability and defending border area. Always upholding principles of being both soldiers and civilians, and combining productive labor with military duties and the army with the people, the Corps has paid equal attention to productive work and military training; the hundreds of thousands of XPCC workers from 58 border regimental farms have guarded a 2,000-km section of China's borderlines to ensure the security of China' s northwestern borders. In the face of severe and complex threats to social stability in Xinjiang, the various divisions, regiments, companies, enterprises and public institutions under the XPCC have established an emergency-response militia contingent. The XPCC has played a unique and irreplaceable role in maintaining social stability in Xinjiang, quashing violent terrorist activities and safeguarding the public. |
| 組建兵團、支持兵團、發(fā)展兵團，是中國政府治國安邦的戰(zhàn)略布局和強化國家邊疆治理的重要方略，也是維護新疆穩(wěn)定、維護民族團結、維護國家統一、開發(fā)建設邊疆的重大制度創(chuàng)新，是中央支援地方、內地支援邊疆、各民族相互支援的有效形式。經過幾十年的建設，兵團城市和團場城鎮(zhèn)已經逐步發(fā)展為區(qū)域的經濟和文化中心，成為人口、資金、產業(yè)、人才、教育、醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生等資源的集聚之地。兵團始終堅持國家利益就是兵團利益、新疆大局就是兵團大局，始終是開發(fā)建設新疆、造福各族人民的一支重要力量，始終是維護祖國統一、保持新疆穩(wěn)定的一支重要力量，始終得到了自治區(qū)各級政府和各族人民的支持幫助。新形勢下，圍繞新疆社會穩(wěn)定和長治久安總目標，兵團充分發(fā)揮調節(jié)社會結構、推動文化交流、促進區(qū)域協調的作用，進一步壯大綜合實力，深化“兵地融合”發(fā)展，努力為新疆的發(fā)展進步與和諧穩(wěn)定做出更大貢獻。 | It is the Chinese government's strategic plan to administer state affairs and ensure national stability and an important strategy to strengthen frontier governance to form, support and develop the XPCC; it is a major institutional innovation in maintaining stability in Xinjiang, safeguarding ethnic unity and national unification, and developing the border area; and it is an effective mechanism for the central government to support the localities, the more developed inland areas to support border areas, and the various ethnic groups to render mutual assistance. After decades of development, XPCC-built cities and regiment-built towns have gradually developed into the regional economic and cultural hubs, where all sorts of resources converge - population, capital, industry, talent, education and healthcare. Upholding the national interests as its own interests and overall situation of Xinjiang its foremost concern, the XPCC has remained a key force in developing and building Xinjiang and bringing benefits to people of all its ethnic groups, as well as in safeguarding national unification and maintaining stability in Xinjiang. As such, it has always enjoyed support and help from the region's governments at all levels and the people of all the ethnic groups. In view of the new conditions and prioritizing the overall goal of lasting stability and peace in Xinjiang, the XPCC will give full play to its role in adjusting the social structure, promoting cultural exchange and facilitating inter-district coordination, further boost its strength, deepen XPCC-Xinjiang integrative development, and endeavor to make still greater contributions to the development, progress, harmony and stability of Xinjiang. |
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