習(xí)近平接受路透社采訪（全文）
Full text: Xi Jinping conducts written interview with Reuters
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| 問(wèn)：中國(guó)企業(yè)可能參與英格蘭西南部核電站建設(shè)。中國(guó)政府今年早些時(shí)候宣布將支持中國(guó)企業(yè)在諸如高鐵和核電等領(lǐng)域拓展海外市場(chǎng)。未來(lái)10年，您希望看到中國(guó)企業(yè)在全球市場(chǎng)發(fā)揮什么樣的作用？您認(rèn)為中國(guó)企業(yè)拓展海外市場(chǎng)會(huì)遇到哪些阻力？是否會(huì)導(dǎo)致新的貿(mào)易摩擦？中國(guó)政府采取國(guó)家補(bǔ)貼等方式支持中國(guó)企業(yè)在海外進(jìn)行拓展，對(duì)其他市場(chǎng)主體是否公平？是否符合中國(guó)發(fā)展市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)的目標(biāo)？ | 3. Chinese companies are expected to take a stake in the nuclear power plant in southwest England. This is in line with plans announced by your government earlier this year to help Chinese firms in areas such as high-speed rail and nuclear power to expand overseas. What role do you hope to see Chinese companies playing in the global markets over the next decade? Do you think that opposition could derail China's participation in such projects overseas? Will such opposition lead to fresh trade frictions? Is such state-subsidized, state-directed expansion of Chinese industry abroad fair to other market players and in line with China's professed desire for a more market-driven economy? |
| 答：中國(guó)對(duì)外開(kāi)放不斷走向深入，這既包括中國(guó)打開(kāi)大門(mén)吸引外資，也包括中國(guó)企業(yè)走出國(guó)門(mén)進(jìn)行投資。這是一國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展到一定階段必然發(fā)生的事情，也是企業(yè)要發(fā)展壯大必然進(jìn)行的事情。世界各大企業(yè)都走這條路。 | A: China is intensifying its reform and opening-up drive, which means both opening up its economy further to attract foreign investment and encourage Chinese firms to make overseas investment. This is natural when a country reaches a particular stage of development and when a company grows bigger, and this is what all big companies in the world are doing. |
| 中國(guó)企業(yè)發(fā)展得益于世界經(jīng)濟(jì)，應(yīng)該為世界經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展作出貢獻(xiàn)。中國(guó)已經(jīng)成為世界制造業(yè)大國(guó)，突出優(yōu)勢(shì)是處于全球產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈中游，高鐵、核電、汽車等一大批產(chǎn)業(yè)和裝備處于國(guó)際先進(jìn)水平，性價(jià)比好，符合很多國(guó)家需求和承接能力。中國(guó)愿同包括英國(guó)在內(nèi)的各國(guó)開(kāi)展多種形式的國(guó)際產(chǎn)能和裝備制造合作，把各自比較優(yōu)勢(shì)銜接起來(lái)，實(shí)現(xiàn)聯(lián)動(dòng)發(fā)展。欣克利角核電站項(xiàng)目是中英法三方合作的產(chǎn)物，希望三國(guó)企業(yè)充分發(fā)揮各自優(yōu)勢(shì)，確保項(xiàng)目順利實(shí)施，造福英國(guó)人民。 | Having benefited from the world economy, Chinese companies should contribute their share to world economic development. China has grown into a global manufacturing power, with particular strengths at the middle rung of the global industrial chain. Many Chinese industrial sectors and equipment making capacity, including the building of high-speed railway and nuclear power stations as well as automobiles making, are advanced and competitive internationally, and meet the demand and absorbing capacity of many countries. China is ready to pursue cooperation of various forms with the UK and other countries in international production capacity and equipment manufacturing to synergize our respective strengths and promote each other's development. The Hinkley Point is the product of tripartite cooperation among China, the UK and France. I hope that the companies of the three countries will fully leverage their respective strengths to ensure the successful launch of this project and deliver benefits to the British people. |
| 對(duì)外投資遇到一些摩擦屬于正常的營(yíng)商范疇。任何企業(yè)只要開(kāi)展經(jīng)營(yíng)活動(dòng)，不論是在國(guó)內(nèi)還是在國(guó)外，總會(huì)遇到這樣那樣的問(wèn)題。在商言商，不能把企業(yè)在經(jīng)營(yíng)過(guò)程中產(chǎn)生的矛盾政治化，不要帶著偏見(jiàn)看待中國(guó)企業(yè)。企業(yè)發(fā)展當(dāng)然要競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，沒(méi)有人會(huì)把市場(chǎng)拱手讓給競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手。我們希望這種競(jìng)爭(zhēng)是良性的、符合市場(chǎng)規(guī)律的，而不要設(shè)置一些非經(jīng)濟(jì)、非市場(chǎng)的“彈簧門(mén)”、“玻璃門(mén)”。同世界上老牌的大公司對(duì)比，中國(guó)企業(yè)走出去還缺乏經(jīng)驗(yàn)，在適應(yīng)各國(guó)法律制度、技術(shù)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、市場(chǎng)營(yíng)銷、人員管理、當(dāng)?shù)匚幕确矫娴哪芰π枰粩嗵岣?。在激烈的?guó)際競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中，中國(guó)企業(yè)會(huì)學(xué)到很多，會(huì)越做越好。 | It is normal for a company to encounter various problems when making investment, whether domestically or overseas. When doing business, one should focus on business. Problems that occur in business operations should not be politicized, and Chinese companies should not be viewed with bias. Competition is necessary for a business to grow, and no one will give away a market to its rivals. We hope that such competition is benign and market-based. There should be no swing doors or glass doors which are placed as non-economic or non-market-based barriers. Unlike established multinational companies, Chinese companies still lack experience in making investment overseas. They need to better adapt to local laws and regulations, technological standards, marketing, human resources management rules, local cultures, etc. Chinese companies will learn a lot and emerge successful in fierce international competition. |
| 中國(guó)政府支持企業(yè)走出去，但強(qiáng)調(diào)要堅(jiān)持以企業(yè)為主體，以市場(chǎng)為導(dǎo)向。中國(guó)政府的作用是為企業(yè)爭(zhēng)取和創(chuàng)造良好的政治環(huán)境和公平的制度框架。這是各國(guó)政府都會(huì)做的事，而且西方國(guó)家做得比我們好。即便在市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)條件下，各國(guó)對(duì)企業(yè)發(fā)展都會(huì)有形式多樣的支持措施，不能簡(jiǎn)單把這些都看成是國(guó)家補(bǔ)貼。中國(guó)和西方國(guó)家體制不同，由于歷史原因，中國(guó)企業(yè)往往承擔(dān)了大量社會(huì)職能，難以用一種簡(jiǎn)單的數(shù)學(xué)公式來(lái)計(jì)算。 | The Chinese government supports Chinese companies in going global. But we believe that this process should be market-oriented with companies being the main driver. The role of the Chinese government is to secure and create a favorable political environment and a fair legal framework for Chinese companies. This is what all governments are doing, and I think the Western countries are doing better than us. Even under market conditions, countries support the growth of their companies in various ways, and such measures should not be all labelled as government subsidy. China's system is different from that of Western countries. Due to historical reasons, Chinese companies perform many social functions, which are hard to measure with a simple arithmetic formula. |
| 未來(lái)10年，中國(guó)對(duì)外投資將持續(xù)增長(zhǎng)，有關(guān)機(jī)構(gòu)測(cè)算將超過(guò)1.25萬(wàn)億美元，這將為中英合作提供更多寶貴機(jī)遇。兩國(guó)企業(yè)還可以加強(qiáng)在發(fā)展中國(guó)家的三方合作，把全球價(jià)值鏈的上、中、下游結(jié)合起來(lái)，共享發(fā)展機(jī)遇。 | In the coming decade, China's overseas investment will continue to grow and is forecast to reach 1.25 trillion U.S. dollars. This will provide more opportunities for China-UK cooperation. The Chinese and British companies may also engage in tripartite cooperation in developing countries to integrate the upper stream, middle stream and lower stream of the global value chain and share development opportunities. |
| 問(wèn)：英國(guó)是首個(gè)申請(qǐng)加入亞洲基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施投資銀行的歐洲國(guó)家。中國(guó)承諾亞洲基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施投資銀行將透明運(yùn)作，并實(shí)施高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)管理。中國(guó)將如何確保亞洲基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施投資銀行運(yùn)作真正做到透明并實(shí)現(xiàn)世界一流管理？ | 4. Britain was the first European country to sign up for membership of the new Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB). China has promised that the new bank will be transparent and have high governance standards. How will China ensure that the AIIB really will be transparent and have world-class governance? |
| 答：中國(guó)提出籌建亞洲基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施投資銀行，目的是推動(dòng)亞洲地區(qū)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)和互聯(lián)互通，深化區(qū)域合作。 | A: China's initiative to establish the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank aims to promote infrastructure development and connectivity in Asia and boost regional cooperation. |
| 亞投行是一個(gè)國(guó)際性的金融機(jī)構(gòu)，其規(guī)章制度和運(yùn)作要由各成員國(guó)協(xié)商決定，并不是中國(guó)一家說(shuō)了就算的。中國(guó)贊成亞投行充分借鑒現(xiàn)有多邊開(kāi)發(fā)銀行的經(jīng)驗(yàn)和做法，在治理結(jié)構(gòu)、業(yè)務(wù)政策、人力資源管理等方面堅(jiān)持國(guó)際性、規(guī)范性、高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，確保專業(yè)運(yùn)營(yíng)、高效運(yùn)作、透明廉潔。在《亞洲基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施投資銀行協(xié)定》談判過(guò)程中，57個(gè)意向創(chuàng)始成員國(guó)秉承開(kāi)放、包容、專業(yè)、透明的原則，達(dá)成了高質(zhì)量的協(xié)定文本，53個(gè)意向創(chuàng)始成員國(guó)已經(jīng)簽署了協(xié)定。 | The AIIB is an international financial institution whose rules of operation are decided by its members through consultation, not by China alone. We agree that the AIIB should fully draw on the experience and practices of other multilateral development banks, observe high international standards in terms of governance structure, operation guidelines, and human resources management, and ensure its professional and efficient operation as well as transparency and integrity. During the negotiation over the AIIB agreement, 57 prospective founding members acted on the principle of openness, inclusion, professionalism and transparency, and concluded a high-quality agreement text. A total of 53 prospective founding members have signed the agreement. |
| 據(jù)我了解，這個(gè)協(xié)定在很多方面借鑒了現(xiàn)有多邊開(kāi)發(fā)銀行的做法，同時(shí)還有所突破和創(chuàng)新。比如，在治理結(jié)構(gòu)上，亞投行按照多邊開(kāi)發(fā)銀行的通行做法，設(shè)立理事會(huì)、董事會(huì)、管理層三層管理架構(gòu)，還根據(jù)透明、公開(kāi)、獨(dú)立、問(wèn)責(zé)的原則建立了銀行監(jiān)督機(jī)制。協(xié)定中明確寫(xiě)入了“公開(kāi)、透明、擇優(yōu)”的遴選管理層原則，是一項(xiàng)區(qū)別于現(xiàn)有主要多邊開(kāi)發(fā)銀行章程的創(chuàng)新之舉。又比如，亞投行項(xiàng)目采購(gòu)面向全球所有國(guó)家，不局限于成員國(guó)，這同其他一些區(qū)域性多邊開(kāi)發(fā)銀行不同。 | I know that this agreement has drawn on the practices of existing multilateral development banks in many ways. It has also made some breakthroughs and explored new ways of operation. For example, in terms of governance structure, AIIB has, with reference to the common practice of multilateral development banks, set up a three-tiered structure, consisting of a board of governors, a board of directors and a management team. It has also put in place an oversight mechanism in line with the principle of transparency, openness, independence and accountability. It is specified in the agreement that the management team will be selected through an open, transparent and merit-based process. This is a new principle not included in the constitution of existing major multilateral development banks. Another example is that the AIIB places no restriction on the procurement of goods and services from any country, and again this is not the case in the other regional multilateral development banks. |
| 目前，各意向創(chuàng)始成員國(guó)正按照協(xié)定的規(guī)定和精神協(xié)商制定具體的業(yè)務(wù)政策和規(guī)章。亞投行同現(xiàn)有多邊開(kāi)發(fā)銀行是合作互補(bǔ)關(guān)系，未來(lái)將在知識(shí)共享、能力建設(shè)、聯(lián)合融資等方面積極開(kāi)展合作。 | The AIIB prospective founding members are working on the specific operation guidelines in accordance with the agreement. The relationship between the AIIB and existing multilateral development banks is a cooperative and complementary one. The AIIB will engage in cooperation with them in terms of sharing expertise, capacity building and joint financing. |
| 中國(guó)積極評(píng)價(jià)并歡迎英國(guó)加入亞投行，愿同包括英方在內(nèi)的各意向創(chuàng)始成員國(guó)一道，將亞投行打造成專業(yè)、高效的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施投融資平臺(tái)，為亞洲和全球發(fā)展事業(yè)作出積極貢獻(xiàn)。 | China commends and welcomes the UK joining into the AIIB. We are ready to work with the UK and all other prospective founding members to build the AIIB into a professional and efficient infrastructure financing platform to contribute to the development of Asia and beyond. |
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