習(xí)近平接受路透社采訪（全文）
Full text: Xi Jinping conducts written interview with Reuters
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| 問(wèn)：作為國(guó)際社會(huì)一員，中國(guó)無(wú)論是幫助推進(jìn)南蘇丹和平進(jìn)程，還是在也門內(nèi)戰(zhàn)中撤離包括英國(guó)人在內(nèi)的外國(guó)人員，都發(fā)揮著越來(lái)越積極的作用。隨著中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)力和世界影響力持續(xù)增長(zhǎng)，中國(guó)將更多需要在全球范圍內(nèi)尋求保護(hù)自身權(quán)益。您如何看待未來(lái)10年中國(guó)在全球事務(wù)中的角色變化？中國(guó)是否將在調(diào)解沖突方面發(fā)揮更大作用？中國(guó)是否會(huì)有朝一日取代美國(guó)，成為世界警察，在世界各地建立軍事基地以保護(hù)自己的利益？ | 5. China is playing an increasingly active role as a member of the international community, whether by helping bring peace to South Sudan or evacuating foreigners, including Britons, from the civil war in Yemen. As China's economic strength and world influence continue to grow, it needs to make more efforts to protect its rights and interests across the world. How do you see China's role in global affairs changing in the coming decade? Will it play a greater role in mediating conflicts? Will China one day replace the United States as the world's policeman and protect its interests by establishing military bases around the world? |
| 答：中國(guó)過(guò)去是、現(xiàn)在是、將來(lái)也必將是世界和平的維護(hù)者、共同發(fā)展的促進(jìn)者、國(guó)際合作的推動(dòng)者。隨著綜合國(guó)力不斷提升，中國(guó)將更加積極地參與國(guó)際和地區(qū)事務(wù)。 | A: China was, is and will continue to be a force for world peace, common development and international cooperation. With the increase of its overall strength, China will be able to play a more active role in international and regional affairs. |
| 在今年9月舉行的聯(lián)合國(guó)成立70周年系列峰會(huì)上，我代表中國(guó)政府宣布，設(shè)立“南南合作援助基金”，首期提供20億美元；設(shè)立為期10年、總額10億美元的中國(guó)－聯(lián)合國(guó)和平與發(fā)展基金；加入新的聯(lián)合國(guó)維和能力待命機(jī)制，為此率先組建常備成建制維和警隊(duì)，并建設(shè)8000人規(guī)模的維和待命部隊(duì)。此外，中國(guó)還將在未來(lái)5年內(nèi)，向非盟提供總額為1億美元的無(wú)償軍事援助，以支持非洲常備軍和危機(jī)應(yīng)對(duì)快速反應(yīng)部隊(duì)建設(shè)。 | At the summits commemorating the 70th anniversary of the UN this September, I announced on behalf the Chinese government a series of initiatives, which include: The establishment of an assistance fund for South-South cooperation with an initial pledge of 2 billion U.S. dollars; A ten-year, 1-billion-U.S. dollar China-UN peace and development fund; China joining the newly-established UN Peacekeeping Capability Readiness System and setting up a permanent peacekeeping police squad and a peacekeeping standby force of 8,000 troops; The provision of 100 million U.S. dollars in military aid to the African Union in the coming five years to support the building of African Standby Force and the African Capacity for Immediate Response to Crisis. |
| 中國(guó)為世界和平與發(fā)展作出更多努力，不是想成為所謂的“世界警察”，更不是要取代誰(shuí)。我們歷來(lái)主張，各國(guó)的事情要由各國(guó)人民自己決定，世界上的事情要由世界各國(guó)人民商量決定。中國(guó)堅(jiān)持聯(lián)合國(guó)憲章的宗旨和原則，秉持共同、綜合、合作、可持續(xù)的安全觀，堅(jiān)持不干涉別國(guó)內(nèi)政，堅(jiān)持以和平方式解決國(guó)際和地區(qū)熱點(diǎn)問(wèn)題。中國(guó)已經(jīng)多次宣布，中國(guó)奉行防御性的國(guó)防政策，中國(guó)永遠(yuǎn)不稱霸、永遠(yuǎn)不搞擴(kuò)張、永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)把自己的意志強(qiáng)加于人。 | China has been stepping up efforts for world peace and development not because it wants to become a "world cop", even less to take anyone' s place. We are always of the view that a country's affairs should be decided by its own people and the world's affairs should be managed through consultation among the peoples of all countries. China upholds the purposes and principles of the UN Charter. It pursues common, comprehensive, cooperative and sustainable security. China follows the principle of non-interference in other country's internal affairs and believes that international and regional hot spots should be resolved by peaceful means. China has declared many times that it pursues a defence policy defensive in nature and will never seek hegemony, engage in expansion or impose its own will on others. |
| 問(wèn)：中國(guó)是世界上最大的溫室氣體排放國(guó)，且已承諾使二氧化碳排放到2030年左右達(dá)到峰值，并將降低碳強(qiáng)度——使得每單位經(jīng)濟(jì)產(chǎn)出的排放量在2005年的水平上降低60%至65%。作為一個(gè)發(fā)展中國(guó)家，中國(guó)一直堅(jiān)持發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家應(yīng)為減少二氧化碳排放承擔(dān)大部分責(zé)任。中國(guó)是否會(huì)為確保年底巴黎氣候變化大會(huì)達(dá)成一致而改變自己的談判立場(chǎng)或作出進(jìn)一步妥協(xié)？ | 6. China, the world's biggest greenhouse gas emitter, has pledged to bring its emissions to a peak by "around 2030" and has also said it would cut carbon intensity - the amount emitted per unit of economic output - by 60 to 65 percent below the 2005 level. As a developing country, China has stuck firmly to the principle that industrialized nations should bear most of the burden when it comes to cutting carbon emissions. Is China prepared to change any of its negotiating positions or offer further compromises in order to make sure that a new global climate change deal is secured in Paris later this year? |
| 答：氣候變化是全球性挑戰(zhàn)，任何一國(guó)都無(wú)法置身事外。發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家和發(fā)展中國(guó)家對(duì)造成氣候變化的歷史責(zé)任不同，發(fā)展需求和能力也存在差異。就像一場(chǎng)賽車一樣，有的車已經(jīng)跑了很遠(yuǎn)，有的車剛剛出發(fā)，這個(gè)時(shí)候用統(tǒng)一尺度來(lái)限制車速是不適當(dāng)?shù)?，也是不公平的。發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家在應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化方面多作表率，符合《聯(lián)合國(guó)氣候變化框架公約》所確立的共同但有區(qū)別的責(zé)任、公平、各自能力等重要原則，也是廣大發(fā)展中國(guó)家的共同心愿。 | A: Climate change is a global challenge at which no country can stand on their own. Developed and developing countries have different historical responsibilities for climate change, and different development needs and capabilities. Just like in a car race: it would be neither reasonable nor fair to apply the same speed requirements to cars which have run far ahead and those which have only just left the starting point. Developed countries should do more and lead the way in addressing climate change. This is in keeping with the important principles laid down in the UNFCCC, such as "common but differentiated responsibilities", equity and respective capabilities. This is also the hope of all developing countries. |
| 堅(jiān)持共同但有區(qū)別的責(zé)任等原則，不是說(shuō)發(fā)展中國(guó)家就不要為全球應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化作出貢獻(xiàn)了，而是說(shuō)要符合發(fā)展中國(guó)家能力和要求。中國(guó)已經(jīng)成為世界節(jié)能和利用新能源、可再生能源第一大國(guó)。2014年，中國(guó)單位國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值能耗和二氧化碳排放分別比2005年下降29.9%和33.8%。中國(guó)向聯(lián)合國(guó)提交了國(guó)家自主貢獻(xiàn)，這既是著眼于促進(jìn)全球氣候治理，也是中國(guó)發(fā)展的內(nèi)在要求，是為實(shí)現(xiàn)公約目標(biāo)所能作出的最大努力。中國(guó)宣布建立規(guī)模為200億元人民幣的氣候變化南南合作基金，用以支持其他發(fā)展中國(guó)家。 | Having said that, the principle of "common but differentiated responsibilities" does not exempt developing countries from contributing their share to global response to climate change. It is only that such contribution should be in line with their capabilities and needs. China is now the world's biggest country in energy conservation and utilization of new and renewable energy. In 2014, China's per unit GDP energy consumption and CO2 emission were cut by 29.9 percent and 33.8 percent respectively from the 2005 level. China's submission to the UN of its nationally intended contributions is aimed at facilitating global climate governance, and also for the sake of China's own development. It represents China's very best effort to help achieve the goals set in the UNFCCC. China has announced the setting up of an 20-billion-RMB yuan South-South cooperation fund on climate change to help other developing countries. |
| 今年年底召開(kāi)的巴黎大會(huì)將對(duì)2020年后國(guó)際應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化機(jī)制作出安排，在全球應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化多邊進(jìn)程中具有重要意義。談判需要各方展現(xiàn)靈活，但《聯(lián)合國(guó)氣候變化框架公約》的基本原則應(yīng)該得到遵循。各方要最大程度展示誠(chéng)意，聚同化異，相向而行。中國(guó)愿發(fā)揮建設(shè)性作用，推動(dòng)巴黎大會(huì)如期達(dá)成全面、均衡、有力度的協(xié)議。 | The Paris Conference coming up at the end of this year is a significant milestone in the multilateral process on climate change, as it will set up post-2020 international regimes to tackle this challenge. Progress in negotiations requires flexibility of all parties, yet the basic principles of the UNFCCC need to be observed. Parties should demonstrate sincerity as much as they can, build up consensus and work toward the same goal. China is ready to play a constructive role and work for the timely conclusion of a comprehensive, balanced and strong agreement at the Paris conference. |
| 問(wèn)：中國(guó)處理南海領(lǐng)土主權(quán)問(wèn)題的態(tài)度越來(lái)越堅(jiān)定，這讓許多鄰國(guó)感到擔(dān)憂。中國(guó)表示不追求霸權(quán)，將始終不渝堅(jiān)持走和平發(fā)展道路。您如何看待許多鄰國(guó)對(duì)此心懷疑慮？對(duì)中國(guó)在南海的活動(dòng)可能加劇本地區(qū)安全局勢(shì)惡化的指責(zé)，您如何回應(yīng)？中國(guó)當(dāng)前在南海活動(dòng)的最終目的是什么？ | 7. China is being increasingly assertive in pushing its territorial claims in the South China Sea, which has worried many of its neighbors. China also says it will not pursue hegemony and will unswervingly stick to the path of peaceful development. Do you understand why so many of China's neighbors doubt these claims? How do you respond to accusations that China's activities in the South China Sea could be worsening the security situation in the region? What is China's ultimate aim with its current activities in the South China Sea? |
| 答：走和平發(fā)展道路符合中國(guó)根本利益，也符合地區(qū)國(guó)家和人民共同期待。中國(guó)的這個(gè)戰(zhàn)略選擇沒(méi)有變，也不會(huì)變。長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)，中國(guó)同鄰國(guó)積極開(kāi)展互利合作，給地區(qū)國(guó)家和人民帶來(lái)了實(shí)實(shí)在在的利益。新形勢(shì)下，中國(guó)將努力把中國(guó)發(fā)展惠及周邊國(guó)家和人民，堅(jiān)持與鄰為善、以鄰為伴的周邊外交方針，堅(jiān)持睦鄰、安鄰、富鄰的周邊外交政策，落實(shí)體現(xiàn)親誠(chéng)惠容的周邊外交理念。 | A: To follow the path of peaceful development serves China's fundamental interests, and is also what regional countries and peoples expect from us. It is a strategic choice made by China that has not changed and will not change. For many years, China's active efforts for win-win cooperation with its neighbors have brought real benefits to countries and peoples in the region. Under the new circumstances, China will strive to deliver more benefits of its development to neighboring countries and peoples. China will continue to pursue friendship and partnership with its neighbors, build a harmonious, secure and prosperous neighborhood and follow through on its policy of amity, sincerity, mutual-benefit and inclusiveness towards its neighbors. |
| 南海諸島自古以來(lái)就是中國(guó)領(lǐng)土，這是老祖宗留下的。任何人要侵犯中國(guó)的主權(quán)和相關(guān)權(quán)益，中國(guó)人民都不會(huì)答應(yīng)。中國(guó)在南海采取的有關(guān)行動(dòng)，是維護(hù)自身領(lǐng)土主權(quán)的正當(dāng)反應(yīng)。對(duì)本國(guó)領(lǐng)土范圍外的土地提出主權(quán)要求，那是擴(kuò)張主義。中國(guó)從未那么做過(guò)，不應(yīng)當(dāng)受到懷疑和指責(zé)。 | The islands and reefs in the South China Sea are Chinese territory since ancient times. They are left to us by our ancestors. The Chinese people will not allow anyone to infringe on China's sovereignty and related rights and interests in the South China Sea. The actions China has taken in the South China Sea are legitimate reactions to safeguard its territorial sovereignty. Expansionism refers to laying claims to land outside one's own territory. China has never done anything like that, so such doubts or accusations are unwarranted. |
| 在各方共同努力下，南海形勢(shì)總體是穩(wěn)定的。南海是中國(guó)對(duì)外經(jīng)濟(jì)往來(lái)的重要通道。中國(guó)比任何國(guó)家都需要南海和平、安全、穩(wěn)定。中國(guó)不愿看到南海生亂，更不會(huì)主動(dòng)制造混亂。當(dāng)前，中國(guó)正積極努力同東盟國(guó)家在全面有效落實(shí)《南海各方行為宣言》的框架下，積極推進(jìn)“南海行為準(zhǔn)則”的磋商。中國(guó)將繼續(xù)同南海周邊鄰國(guó)一道，通過(guò)機(jī)制對(duì)話管控爭(zhēng)議，通過(guò)談判協(xié)商和平解決爭(zhēng)議，積極探索通過(guò)合作和共同開(kāi)發(fā)實(shí)現(xiàn)互利共贏，維護(hù)各國(guó)依據(jù)國(guó)際法享有的南海航行和飛越自由，努力將南海建設(shè)成和平、友好、合作之海。有關(guān)方面也應(yīng)尊重地區(qū)國(guó)家維護(hù)南海和平穩(wěn)定的努力。 | With the joint efforts of all parties, the situation in the South China Sea has on the whole been stable. The South China Sea provides important waterways for China's international commercial exchanges. China needs peace, security and stability in the South China Sea more than any other country. China would not want any turbulence there, still less would it be the party to stir up chaos. It is working hard to take forward consultations on a code of conduct in the South China Sea within the framework of fully and effectively implementing the Declaration on the Conduct of Parties in the South China Sea. China will continue to work with its neighbors in the South China Sea to manage disputes through institutionalized dialogue, peacefully resolve disputes through negotiation and consultation, actively explore win-win results through cooperation and joint development, and safeguard the freedom of navigation and overflight enjoyed by countries in accordance with international law. We will together endeavor to make the South China Sea a sea of peace, friendship and cooperation. And the efforts of countries in the region to maintain peace and stability there deserve more respect. |
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