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錢(qián)鐘書(shū)經(jīng)典美文《窗》翻譯詳解

同時(shí),我們悟到,門(mén)和窗有不同的意義

At the same time it also becomes clear that the door has a different significance from the window

“悟到”和上一句中的“明白”是相同的意思,it become clear that 這一說(shuō)法比it seems that 要肯定一些。

當(dāng)然,門(mén)是造了讓人出進(jìn)的

Of course, doors were made for people to pass through

出進(jìn)可以譯成to come out and go in,但譯成to pass through就顯得句子緊湊、精煉一些。

但是,窗子有時(shí)也可作為進(jìn)出口用

but a window can also sometimes serve as an entrance or as an exit

entranceexit這兩個(gè)詞比doorwindow抽象化了,充分表明了“進(jìn)出口”的字面意思和含義。

譬如小偷或小說(shuō)里私約的情人就喜歡爬窗子

and is used as such by thieves and by lovers in novels

譯文用了by thieves and by lovers,而不說(shuō)by thieves and lovers,因?yàn)檫@本來(lái)就是兩類(lèi)人,不能放在一起混為一談。

所以窗子和門(mén)的根本分別,決不僅是有沒(méi)有人進(jìn)來(lái)出去

In fact the fundamental difference between a door and a window has nothing to do with them being either entrances or exits

比較一下different between和前文的different from):說(shuō)兩者之間的區(qū)別,用different between A and B;而說(shuō)A怎樣不同于B則說(shuō) A is different from B.

若據(jù)賞春一事來(lái)看,我們不妨這樣說(shuō)

When it comes to the admiration of spring, it could be put this way

When it comes to是比較中庸的說(shuō)法,不那么正式,但也不那么隨意,意思是“說(shuō)起賞春……”,讓人們對(duì)下文有一個(gè)期待。

有了門(mén),我們可以出去

a door makes it possible for one to go out

“有了門(mén)”不能譯成with a/the door,因?yàn)檫@里不是說(shuō)有還是沒(méi)有,而是有門(mén)存在,人們就可以進(jìn)出房屋。

有了窗,我們可以不必出去

whereas a window makes it possible for one not to have to

Whereas而……。這是一個(gè)連接詞,表示一種前后的比較或?qū)φ铡_@里的句型和上面是一樣的,但是后面的not to have to 是不定式的否定形式,后面省略了go out。

窗子打通了大自然和人的隔膜。

A window helps to pull down the partition between man and nature

“由于有了窗子,人和大自然之間的隔膜才得以打破”,窗子起的是一種促進(jìn)作用,其本身并不能去“打破”什么,因此用了helps to pull down。partition隔離墻?!案裟ぁ笔墙馄蕦W(xué)詞匯,這里用的是其引申意義,不能按字面譯成diaphragm,那樣意思就不對(duì)了。man and natureman是指整個(gè)人類(lèi),所以不用任何冠詞;nature則是不可數(shù)名詞。

把風(fēng)和太陽(yáng)逗引進(jìn)來(lái),使屋子里也關(guān)著一部分春天

It leads breezes and sunlight in, and keeps part of the spring in the house

Lead:引導(dǎo),引領(lǐng)。keep…in the house:使停留在屋里不能外出。

讓我們安坐了享受,無(wú)需再到外面去找。

It allows one to sit and enjoy the spring in peace, and makes it unnecessary to go looking for it outside

原文是說(shuō)“安坐”,而實(shí)際上“安”的意思也應(yīng)當(dāng)能涵蓋“享受”,只是從詞的節(jié)奏上感覺(jué)“安坐”和“享受”都是兩個(gè)字的詞,似乎是并列的。譯文里譯成了 sit…in peace,等于將狀語(yǔ)移了一個(gè)位。注意這句中幾個(gè)it的含義,第一個(gè)it指代window,第二個(gè)it是形式賓語(yǔ),引出后面的to go…,第三個(gè)it是指代the spring

(來(lái)源:catti.net.cn

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