中國(guó)應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化的政策與行動(dòng) 2012年度報(bào)告
China's Policies and Actions for Addressing Climate Change (2012)
0 
調(diào)整字號(hào)大小: 
| 四、加強(qiáng)能力建設(shè) | IV. Strengthening Capacity Building |
| （一）加強(qiáng)低碳發(fā)展頂層設(shè)計(jì) | (I) Strengthening Top-level Planning of Low-carbon Development |
| 制定并貫徹落實(shí)《“十二五”控制溫室氣體排放工作方案》。2011年，國(guó)務(wù)院印發(fā)了國(guó)家發(fā)展改革委牽頭編制的《“十二五”控制溫室氣體排放工作方案》，明確了到2015年中國(guó)控制溫室氣體排放的總體要求和主要目標(biāo)，提出了推進(jìn)低碳發(fā)展重點(diǎn)任務(wù)和政策措施。2012年，國(guó)務(wù)院辦公廳印發(fā)了《“十二五”控制溫室氣體排放工作方案重點(diǎn)工作部門分工》，對(duì)方案的貫徹落實(shí)工作進(jìn)行全面部署。 | Formulating and implementing the Work Plan for Greenhouse Gases Emission control During the 12th Five-Year Plan Period. In 2011, the State Council published the Work Plan for Controlling Greenhouse Gas Emissions During the 12th Five-Year Plan Period, a document compiled under the direction of the National Development and Reform Commission. The plan sets out the overall requirements and main objectives for the control of greenhouse gas emissions to 2015 and defines key tasks and policy measures for promoting low-carbon development. In 2012, the General Office of the State Council published the Work Division Scheme for the Work Plan for Controlling Greenhouse Gas Emissions During the 12th Five-Year Plan Period, which defines an overall framework for the implementation of the plan. |
| 加強(qiáng)應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化法制建設(shè)。國(guó)家發(fā)展改革委會(huì)同有關(guān)部門研究起草應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化法律框架；通過(guò)開(kāi)展“省級(jí)氣候變化立法研究——以江蘇省為例”項(xiàng)目推進(jìn)中國(guó)省級(jí)應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化立法，為全國(guó)范圍開(kāi)展立法工作積累經(jīng)驗(yàn)。 | Improving the legal system for addressing climate change. The National Development and Reform Commission and relevant departments have drafted a legal framework for addressing climate change. A project entitled Studies into Provincial Legislation on Climate Change: a Case Study of Jiangsu Province was initiated to improve provincial legislation on addressing climate change and gain experience for accelerating the passing of national legislation. |
| 開(kāi)展重大戰(zhàn)略研究和規(guī)劃制定。國(guó)家發(fā)展改革委會(huì)同財(cái)政部等有關(guān)部門組織開(kāi)展了中國(guó)低碳發(fā)展宏觀戰(zhàn)略研究項(xiàng)目，對(duì)我國(guó)到2020、2030和2050年低碳發(fā)展總體態(tài)勢(shì)進(jìn)行分析判斷，研究提出我國(guó)低碳發(fā)展宏觀戰(zhàn)略的分階段目標(biāo)任務(wù)、實(shí)現(xiàn)途徑、政策體系、保障措施等，為加快推進(jìn)低碳發(fā)展奠定理論和政策基礎(chǔ)。組織開(kāi)展了《國(guó)家應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化規(guī)劃（2011-2020年）》編制工作，印發(fā)《地方應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化規(guī)劃編制指導(dǎo)意見(jiàn)》，加強(qiáng)對(duì)地方應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化規(guī)劃編制工作的指導(dǎo)。組織制定《國(guó)家適應(yīng)氣候變化總體戰(zhàn)略》。 | Launching major strategic studies and formulating plans. The National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Finance and other relevant departments organized and launched a research project on China’s macro strategy for low-carbon development. The project analyzed and made judgments on the overall situation of China’s low-carbon development in 2020, 2030 and 2050, and proposed phased objectives and tasks, implementation approaches, policy systems and safeguard measures for the country’s low carbon macro-strategy, which lays a theoretical and policy foundation for accelerating low-carbon development. The National Development and Reform Commission has organized the compil of the National Plan for Addressing Climate Change (2011-2020), and published the Guidance on the Compiling of Local Plans for Addressing Climate Change to strengthen guidance available to local planners. It has also organized the compiling of the Overall National Strategy for Adapting to Climate Change. |
| （二）逐步建立溫室氣體統(tǒng)計(jì)核算體系 | (II) Gradually Establishing Statistical and Accounting Systems for Greenhouse Gas Emissions |
| 建立和健全溫室氣體排放基礎(chǔ)統(tǒng)計(jì)制度。國(guó)家發(fā)展和改革委會(huì)同有關(guān)部門組織編寫(xiě)了《關(guān)于加強(qiáng)應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化和溫室氣體排放統(tǒng)計(jì)的意見(jiàn)》。云南省等一些地方統(tǒng)計(jì)部門已啟動(dòng)溫室氣體排放基礎(chǔ)統(tǒng)計(jì)工作。國(guó)務(wù)院機(jī)關(guān)事務(wù)管理局制訂了《公共機(jī)構(gòu)能源資源消耗統(tǒng)計(jì)制度》，組織完成了“十一五”期間和2011年全國(guó)公共機(jī)構(gòu)能源資源消耗情況匯總分析和國(guó)家機(jī)關(guān)辦公建筑、大型公共建筑能耗統(tǒng)計(jì)。住房城鄉(xiāng)建設(shè)部修訂了《民用建筑能耗和節(jié)能信息統(tǒng)計(jì)報(bào)表制度》。國(guó)家林業(yè)局進(jìn)一步加快推進(jìn)全國(guó)林業(yè)碳匯計(jì)量與監(jiān)測(cè)體系建設(shè)，試點(diǎn)已擴(kuò)大到17個(gè)省市。國(guó)家統(tǒng)計(jì)局出臺(tái)了《關(guān)于加強(qiáng)和完善服務(wù)業(yè)統(tǒng)計(jì)工作的意見(jiàn)》，為建立健全服務(wù)業(yè)能源統(tǒng)計(jì)奠定堅(jiān)實(shí)基礎(chǔ)。交通運(yùn)輸部組織開(kāi)展交通運(yùn)輸行業(yè)碳排放統(tǒng)計(jì)監(jiān)測(cè)研究。 | Launching and improving a basic statistical system for measuring greenhouse gas emissions. The National Development and Reform Commission and other relevant departments organized the compiling of Opinions on Improving Response to Climate Change and Statistical Work for Greenhouse Gas Emissions. Statistical departments in Yunnan and other provinces have initiated basic statistical investigations of greenhouse gas emissions. The Government Offices Administration of the State Council has formulated the Statistical System of Energy and Resources Consumption in Public Institutions, gathered and analyzed statistics on energy and resource consumption by public institutions and worked out energy consumption statistics for state office buildings and other large public buildings for the year 2011 and the 11th Five-Year Plan period. The Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development has revised the System of Statistical Report on Energy Consumption and Energy-Saving Information of Civil Buildings. The State Forestry Administration has further accelerated the development of the national forest carbon sink metering and monitoring system. Pilot projects have been extended to 17 provinces and cities. The National Bureau of Statistics released the Opinions on Strengthening and Improving the Statistical Work of Service Industry, which lays a solid foundation for establishing and improving energy statistics in the service sector. The Ministry of Transport has organized research on statistical work and monitoring of carbon emissions in the transport sector. |
| 大力推進(jìn)溫室氣體清單編制和排放核算。國(guó)家發(fā)展改革委發(fā)布《省級(jí)溫室氣體清單指南（試行）》，組織完成中國(guó)2005年溫室氣體清單和第二次國(guó)家信息通報(bào)編制工作。組織編寫(xiě)了陜西、浙江、湖北、云南、遼寧、廣東和天津7個(gè)?。ㄊ校?005年溫室氣體排放清單總報(bào)告及能源、工業(yè)生產(chǎn)過(guò)程、農(nóng)業(yè)、土地利用變化及林業(yè)、廢棄物五個(gè)領(lǐng)域的溫室氣體清單分報(bào)告。組織開(kāi)展其他24省市溫室氣體清單編制工作。研究開(kāi)展化工、建材、鋼鐵、有色、電力、航空等行業(yè)企業(yè)溫室氣體排放核算方法和報(bào)告規(guī)范。 | Vigorously advancing greenhouse gas inventory compilation and emission accounting. The National Development and Reform Commission has issued the Guidance for Compiling Provincial Greenhouse Gas Emission Lists (Trial), and organized the compilation of the 2005 greenhouse gas emission inventory and the second national report. It created a general report on greenhouse gas emission inventory for Shaanxi, Zhejiang, Hubei, Yunnan, Liaoning, Guangdong and Tianjin and completed individual reports on five industries, namely, energy, industrial production processes, agriculture, changes in land use and forestry, and waste. It has also compiled greenhouse gas emission inventories for another 24 provinces and cities, and carried out research into carbon emission calculation methods and reporting specifications for enterprises in the chemicals, building materials, steel, non-ferrous metal, electricity and aviation sectors. |
| （三）增強(qiáng)科技支撐 | (III) Fueling Support for Science and Technology |
| 加強(qiáng)基礎(chǔ)科學(xué)研究。科技部、國(guó)家發(fā)展改革委等有關(guān)部門聯(lián)合印發(fā)了《“十二五”國(guó)家應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化科技發(fā)展專項(xiàng)規(guī)劃》?？萍疾客ㄟ^(guò)973計(jì)劃支持“應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化科技專項(xiàng)”和全球變化研究國(guó)家重大科學(xué)研究計(jì)劃，支持氣候變化領(lǐng)域基礎(chǔ)研究工作。水利部組織開(kāi)展氣候變化對(duì)水利影響方面的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)研究，開(kāi)展水利應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化影響的適應(yīng)性對(duì)策措施研究。衛(wèi)生部啟動(dòng)氣候變化對(duì)人類健康的影響與適應(yīng)機(jī)制研究。國(guó)土資源部組織開(kāi)展“應(yīng)對(duì)全球氣候變化地質(zhì)響應(yīng)與對(duì)策”調(diào)查和研究工作。環(huán)境保護(hù)部組織開(kāi)展鋼鐵、水泥、交通等重點(diǎn)行業(yè)大氣污染物與溫室氣體排放協(xié)同控制政策與示范研究。國(guó)家林業(yè)局初步完成中國(guó)森林對(duì)氣候變化響應(yīng)與林業(yè)適應(yīng)對(duì)策研究，進(jìn)一步推進(jìn)典型森林生態(tài)系統(tǒng)固碳和減排經(jīng)營(yíng)技術(shù)研究。交通運(yùn)輸部組織開(kāi)展“建設(shè)低碳交通運(yùn)輸體系研究”。中國(guó)氣象局組織開(kāi)展了多模式超級(jí)集合、動(dòng)力與統(tǒng)計(jì)集成等客觀化氣候預(yù)測(cè)新技術(shù)的研發(fā)和應(yīng)用，完成政府間氣候變化專門委員會(huì)（IPCC）的第五次國(guó)際耦合模式比較計(jì)劃，為IPCC第五次評(píng)估報(bào)告提供模式結(jié)果。 | Strengthening basic scientific research. The Ministry of Science and Technology and the National Development and Reform Commission have jointly formulated the National Scientific and Technological Actions on Climate Change During the 12th Five-Year Plan Period. The Ministry of Science and Technology has passed the Development Plan for National Program on Key Basic Research Projects ( also known as the 973 Plan) to support the Climate Change Technology Special Project and also passed a Global Change and Major National Scientific Research Plan to improve the basic scientific research into climate change. The Ministry of Water Resources has undertaken research on key technologies related to the impact of climate change on water resources and begun a study of measures to support water conservancy adaptation as a response to climate change. The Ministry of Health has initiated research on adaptation mechanisms to address the impact of climate change on human health. The Ministry of Land and Resources has organized a research program entitled Addressing Global Climate Change and Geography Response Strategy. The Ministry of Environmental Protection has begun researching and developing policies to control air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions in key industries such as steel, cement and transport. The State Forestry Administration has completed initial research into countermeasures of China’s forests to respond and adapt to climate change, and into the technology of carbon sequestration and emission reduction management for typical forest ecosystems. The Ministry of Transport has organized a study on the construction of low-carbon transport systems. The China Meteorological Administration has launched a R&D program and the application in new climatic prediction techniques such as multi-mode super collection and power and statistical integration. It has also completed the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) for the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and contributed data to the fifth IPCC assessment report. |
| 加快低碳技術(shù)研發(fā)、應(yīng)用及推廣。國(guó)家發(fā)展改革委組織啟動(dòng)“國(guó)家低碳技術(shù)創(chuàng)新和產(chǎn)業(yè)化示范工程”首批項(xiàng)目，批復(fù)了鋼鐵、有色、石化3個(gè)行業(yè)共20個(gè)示范工程。2011-2012年度，能源領(lǐng)域安排科技計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目共計(jì)59項(xiàng)，國(guó)撥經(jīng)費(fèi)總計(jì)27.4億元。制定發(fā)布能源科技、潔凈煤高效轉(zhuǎn)化、風(fēng)力發(fā)電等科技發(fā)展專項(xiàng)規(guī)劃，發(fā)布第四批《國(guó)家重點(diǎn)節(jié)能技術(shù)推廣目錄》。水泥行業(yè)內(nèi)有950條生產(chǎn)線配套建成余熱發(fā)電站，年可節(jié)約1125萬(wàn)噸標(biāo)準(zhǔn)煤。完成5批《節(jié)能與新能源汽車示范推廣應(yīng)用工程推薦車型目錄》的審定工作。試點(diǎn)推進(jìn)綠色汽車維修技術(shù)，開(kāi)展高速公路運(yùn)營(yíng)節(jié)能技術(shù)應(yīng)用與示范工程?！敖鹛?yáng)示范工程”項(xiàng)目已累計(jì)支持光伏發(fā)電項(xiàng)目343個(gè)，總裝機(jī)容量約1300MW。開(kāi)展海洋波浪能、潮汐能等海洋能開(kāi)發(fā)利用關(guān)鍵技術(shù)研究與產(chǎn)業(yè)化示范。開(kāi)展海洋生物固碳監(jiān)測(cè)試點(diǎn)和海底碳封存技術(shù)研究試驗(yàn)?？萍疾繂?dòng)了30萬(wàn)噸煤制油工程高濃度二氧化碳捕集與地質(zhì)封存技術(shù)開(kāi)發(fā)及示范、高爐煉鐵二氧化碳減排與利用技術(shù)關(guān)鍵技術(shù)開(kāi)發(fā)和3.5萬(wàn)千瓦富氧燃燒碳捕獲關(guān)鍵技術(shù)、裝備研發(fā)及工程示范等項(xiàng)目，并部署了大規(guī)模燃煤電廠煙氣二氧化碳捕集、驅(qū)油及封存技術(shù)開(kāi)發(fā)及應(yīng)用等示范項(xiàng)目。 | Enhancing R&D, application and promotion of low--carbon technology. The National Development and Reform Commission has authorized 20 demonstration projects in the steel, non-ferrous metals and petrochemical industries in the first phase of the National Low-carbon Technology Innovation and Industrialization Demonstration Project. In 2011 and 2012, the government distributed 2.74 billion yuan to fund 59 science and technology planning projects in energy sector. It has drawn up specific plans for energy technology, efficient clean coal conversion, and wind power generation. It has also released the fourth edition of State Key Energy-Efficient Technology Promotion Catalogues. The cement industry has installed waste heat power stations in 950 production facilities nationwide, saving 11.25 million tons of standard coal annually. It has approved five groups of Promoted Vehicle Catalogues of Energy-saving and New-energy Vehicle Demonstration Project, and has piloted green auto repair techniques in selected areas and carried out utilization and demonstration projects on highway energy-saving operations. The Golden Sun Demonstration Project has supported the construction of 343 photovoltaic power projects with a total installed capacity of 1,300 MW. Researches have also been carried out into the industrialization of key technologies in the fields of wave and tidal energy. Pilot projects have been launched to monitor marine biological carbon capture and study ocean-floor carbon sequestration. The Ministry of Science and Technology has initiated the technology development and demonstration of high concentration CO2 capture and geological storage in a 300,000 ton coal-to-oil project, the development of key technologies of CO2 reduction and utilization in the blast furnace iron-making process, and the R&D and demonstration of key technologies and equipments for carbon capture in 35,000 KW oxygen-enriched blast furnace operations. It has also carried out demonstration projects in carbon capture, oil substitutes, and storage technologies for coal-fired power plant flue gases. |
| 建立研究咨詢機(jī)構(gòu)。2011年11月，國(guó)家發(fā)展改革委成立了國(guó)家應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化戰(zhàn)略研究和國(guó)際合作中心，主要為氣候變化工作提供政策研究支撐。環(huán)境保護(hù)部環(huán)境發(fā)展中心和南京環(huán)境科學(xué)研究所組建成立了環(huán)境與氣候變化中心和生態(tài)保護(hù)與氣候變化響應(yīng)研究中心。國(guó)家林業(yè)局2011年成立了華東、中南、西北三個(gè)林業(yè)碳匯計(jì)量監(jiān)測(cè)中心，2012年又成立了生態(tài)系統(tǒng)定位觀測(cè)網(wǎng)站中心，負(fù)責(zé)開(kāi)展全國(guó)森林、濕地、荒漠生態(tài)定位觀測(cè)研究。2011年5月，中國(guó)民航總局成立了中國(guó)民航大學(xué)節(jié)能減排研究與推廣中心，作為行業(yè)節(jié)能減排專門研究機(jī)構(gòu)，研究并推廣節(jié)能減排工作。 | Establishing research and advisory institutions. In November 2011, the National Development and Reform Commission established the National Strategic Research and International Cooperation Center for Climate Change, which aims to promote policy research on climate change. The Environment Development Center of the Ministry of Environmental Protection and the Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences jointly founded the Environment and Climate Change Center and the Ecological Protection and Climate Change Response Research Center. The State Forestry Administration built three forest carbon sink metering and monitoring centers in east, central and northwest China in 2011, and established a website to record the locations of forest, wetland and desert ecosystems in 2012. In May 2011, The Civil Aviation Administration of China established the Energy Conservation and Emission Reduction Research and Promotion Center in China's Civil Aviation University, as an industrial research institute specializing in energy conservation. |
| 跳轉(zhuǎn)至目錄 >> | Back to Contents >> |
Go to Forum >>0 Comment(s)
No comments.
