《2014年中國(guó)人權(quán)事業(yè)的進(jìn)展》白皮書
White Paper: Progress in China's Human Rights in 2014
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| 七、殘疾人權(quán)利 | VII. Rights of Persons with Disabilities |
| 2014年，國(guó)家繼續(xù)推出一系列保障和改善殘疾人民生的措施，殘疾人社會(huì)保障、就業(yè)、教育和公共服務(wù)等得到進(jìn)一步提升。 | In 2014 the government adopted a series of measures to protect and improve the well-being of persons with disabilities, and progress was made in social security, employment, education, and provision of public services for disabled people. |
| 困難殘疾人生活得到更好保障。民政部和中國(guó)殘疾人聯(lián)合會(huì)在部分地區(qū)推動(dòng)實(shí)施建立困難殘疾人生活補(bǔ)貼和重度殘疾人護(hù)理補(bǔ)貼制度。共有19個(gè)?。ㄗ灾螀^(qū)、直轄市）建立了困難殘疾人生活補(bǔ)貼專項(xiàng)制度，15個(gè)省（自治區(qū)、直轄市）建立了重度殘疾人護(hù)理補(bǔ)貼專項(xiàng)制度。全國(guó)至少實(shí)施一項(xiàng)補(bǔ)貼制度的覆蓋率達(dá)到77.42%，700多萬殘疾人直接受益。 | The lives of disabled persons with financial difficulties better secured. The Ministry of Civil Affairs and China Disabled Persons' Federation supported the introduction of living expense subsidies to disabled persons with financial difficulties and of nursing subsidies to those suffering from a high degree of disability in some regions. Nineteen provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government adopted the policy of granting living expense subsidies to disabled persons with financial difficulties, and 15 had adopted the policy of granting nursing subsidies to those suffering from a high degree of disability. Nationwide, 77.42 percent of the entitled population had access to either of the two policies, benefiting more than seven million people with disabilities. |
| 重點(diǎn)康復(fù)工程建設(shè)成效顯著。2014年，中央專項(xiàng)彩票公益金投入10.63億元，專門用于殘疾人康復(fù)工作。通過實(shí)施一批重點(diǎn)康復(fù)工程，共751.5萬殘疾人得到不同程度的康復(fù)服務(wù)：完成白內(nèi)障復(fù)明手術(shù)74.8萬例，其中為貧困白內(nèi)障患者免費(fèi)實(shí)施復(fù)明手術(shù)30萬例；為14.2萬名低視力者配用助視器；為12.3萬名盲人開展了定向行走訓(xùn)練；對(duì)3.2萬名聾兒進(jìn)行聽力語言康復(fù)訓(xùn)練；對(duì)3.09萬名智力殘疾兒童開展機(jī)構(gòu)康復(fù)訓(xùn)練；對(duì)7.34萬名智力殘疾兒童、3.48萬名成人智力殘疾人開展社區(qū)、家庭康復(fù)指導(dǎo)；對(duì)4萬名腦癱兒童進(jìn)行機(jī)構(gòu)康復(fù)訓(xùn)練及其家長(zhǎng)培訓(xùn)；對(duì)36.7萬名肢體殘疾人開展社區(qū)、家庭康復(fù)訓(xùn)練；組織實(shí)施貧困肢體殘疾兒童矯治手術(shù)8860例、麻風(fēng)畸殘矯治手術(shù)224例；為583.7萬名精神病患者實(shí)施綜合防治康復(fù)措施，對(duì)46.2萬名貧困精神病患者實(shí)施醫(yī)療救助，對(duì)2萬名孤獨(dú)癥兒童進(jìn)行康復(fù)訓(xùn)練；為殘疾人提供輔助器具152.4萬件，其中國(guó)家彩票公益金項(xiàng)目為貧困殘疾人免費(fèi)發(fā)放40.32萬件，為貧困殘疾人減免費(fèi)用裝配普及型假肢2.9萬例，矯形器6.4萬例。大力開展康復(fù)人才培養(yǎng)，全國(guó)共培訓(xùn)康復(fù)管理人員2.58萬人，5.59萬名康復(fù)專業(yè)技術(shù)人員和16.98萬名社區(qū)康復(fù)協(xié)調(diào)員接受培訓(xùn)。開展社區(qū)康復(fù)服務(wù)的市轄區(qū)累計(jì)達(dá)914個(gè)，縣（市）累計(jì)達(dá)2023個(gè)，接受社區(qū)康復(fù)服務(wù)的殘疾人數(shù)達(dá)614.45萬人。 | Notable achievements in key rehabilitation projects. In 2014 the central special lottery public welfare fund provided 1.063 billion yuan for the rehabilitation of the disabled. Thanks to a number of key rehabilitation projects, 7.515 million disabled people received rehabilitation services of various kinds: 748,000 received cataract surgery, including 300,000 free operations; 142,000 visually impaired people received visual aids; 123,000 blind people received orientation and mobility training; 32,000 children with hearing impairments received hearing restoration or language training; 30,900 children with intellectual disabilities received training in rehabilitation institutions; 73,400 children and 34,800 adults with intellectual disabilities received rehabilitation guidance in their communities or homes; 40,000 children with brain paralysis received training in rehabilitation institutions, and their parents also received relevant training; 367,000 physically challenged people received rehabilitation training in their communities or homes; 8,860 physically handicapped children from poor families and 224 persons suffering from leprosy received surgery; 5.837 million patients with mental disorder received comprehensive rehabilitation services, 462,000 indigent people with mental disorder received medical services, and 20,000 children with autistic disorders received rehabilitation training; 1.524 million assistance devices were provided to people with disabilities, of which 403,200 were provided gratis by the central special lottery public welfare fund for disabled people living in poverty; and 29,000 artificial limbs and 64,000 remedial aids were provided cheaply or free for disabled people living in poverty. In addition, efforts were made to train rehabilitation personnel, including 25,800 rehabilitation management staff, 55,900 rehabilitation specialists and 169,800 community rehabilitation coordinators. In total, 914 municipal districts and 2,023 counties and county-level cities provided community rehabilitation services, benefiting 6.1445 million people. |
| 無障礙設(shè)施建設(shè)加快推進(jìn)。無障礙設(shè)施建設(shè)工作進(jìn)入依法發(fā)展階段。各省（自治區(qū)、直轄市）創(chuàng)建無障礙環(huán)境市縣工作穩(wěn)步推進(jìn)，創(chuàng)建工作涉及全國(guó)650多個(gè)市和1600多個(gè)縣。重點(diǎn)推進(jìn)居住區(qū)緣石坡道、輪椅坡道、人行通道，以及建筑公共出入口、公共走道、地面、樓梯、電梯候梯廳及轎廂等設(shè)施和部位的無障礙改造。投入使用“貧困殘疾人家庭無障礙改造數(shù)據(jù)庫系統(tǒng)”，及時(shí)了解殘疾人家庭無障礙設(shè)施建設(shè)工作進(jìn)展。 | Construction of barrier-free facilities accelerated. In 2014 the construction of a barrier-free environment progressed in accordance with the law. All provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government made steady headway in building barrier-free cities and counties, involving 650 cities and 1,600 counties nationwide. The focus was on building barrier-free curb ramps, ramps for wheelchairs and pavements in residential quarters, and barrier-free entry-exit, passages, floors, stairways, elevator landings and compartments, and other areas in public buildings. The "database of barrier-free renovation of deprived families with disabled members" was put into operation to promptly record the progress of barrier-free renovation work. |
| 殘疾人公共文化服務(wù)進(jìn)一步完善。2014年，全國(guó)近5萬所城鄉(xiāng)公共文化服務(wù)設(shè)施已實(shí)現(xiàn)無障礙進(jìn)入，有條件的文化站專門配備康復(fù)訓(xùn)練設(shè)施和適合殘疾人使用的文化娛樂器材。全國(guó)公共圖書館盲文圖書藏量超過80萬冊(cè)，盲人閱覽室坐席數(shù)達(dá)18萬多個(gè)。各級(jí)圖書館、文化館（群藝館）以“全國(guó)助殘日”、“國(guó)際助殘日”、“全國(guó)愛耳日”等為契機(jī)，廣泛開展慰問演出、文化培訓(xùn)和資源配送等活動(dòng)。國(guó)家為參加2014年高考的盲人提供盲文考卷、電子試卷，或安排專門工作人員對(duì)考生提供便利協(xié)助。 | Public cultural services to persons with disabilities improved. In 2014 nearly 50,000 urban and rural centers of public cultural services provided barrier-free access, with rehabilitation facilities and cultural amusement devices available where conditions permitted. Public libraries nationwide had 800,000 copies of books in braille, and provided 180,000 reading seats for blind people. Libraries and cultural and art centers at all levels organized performances, cultural training programs and resources distribution around the "National Day for Assisting Disabled Persons," "International Day of Persons with Disabilities" and "Ear Care Day." Blind people who sat the national college entrance examinations in 2014 took the exams in braille, or with the assistance of audio device. Special staff were provided to assist them in taking the exams. |
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